Present Simple and Continuous. Present Habits

Present Tenses (simple/continuous/ perfect simple/perfect continuous)

Mar Adán

THE PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE

A) USE: 1. Habits, routines. Ex: Sam drives his son to school everyday. 2. General statements or things that are usually true. Ex: Water boils at 100ºC 3. Present states or situations. Ex: We have a house in a village near the mountains. 4. We can also use WILL for habits in the present. Ex: My dad will cook dinner on week days.

2) FORM

(+) We work on Saturdays / (-) We don’t work on Saturdays / (?) Do you work on Saturdays? (+) She studies abroad / (-) She doesn’t study abroad / (?) Does she study abroad?

+ INFO

3) time expressions

• Adverbs of frequency (always, sometimes, never, often, usually, rarely, hardly ever…) • Expressions of frequency (once/twice/ three times/four times…a day/ a week/ a month/ a year.. every Sunday/ summer/ month)

THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS

A) USE: 1. Actions happening at the moment. Ex: We are revising verb tenses now. 2. Temporary actions. Ex: My sister is looking for a job 3. Annoying situations or actions (with adverbs such as forever/constantly/always). Ex: My cousin is always telling stupid jokes.

B) FORM: (+) She is having lunch (-) she isn’t having lunch (?) Is she having lunch? (+) They are having lunch (-) They aren’t having lunch (?) Are they having lunch?

PRACTICE

C) TIME EXPRESSIONS

• Now, right now, at the moment • Nowadays, currently, these days • Today, this week, this month • Always, forever, constantly (annoying situations)

https://fluencyspace.com/exercises/present-simple-or-present-continuous/

c. Finished actions that have a consequence or a result in the present. Ex: I have broken my leg, so I can’t go to the party tonight. d. Actions that have finished recently. Ex: I have just finished my homework

THE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

1) USE: A) Actions that started in the past but still continue in the present. (UNFINISHED) Ex: We have lived in Rivas since 2000 B) Actions that happened in an undetermined time in the past, but we don’t know when (The important thing is what happened, not when it happened) FINISHED Ex: A: Would you like to watch Titanic tonight? B: No, I have watched it seven times. (present perfect) No, I watched it yesterday (past simple)

+ INFO

FORM

TIME EXPRESSIONS

• Since / For • Already / Yet / Still • Just • Ever / never • This week / month / year…today... • In general, with any time expression that refers to an unfinished period.

• (+) Subject + HAVE / HAS + Past Participle

(Ex: They have travelled abroad.

• (-) Subject + HAVEN’T / HASN’T + Past Participle

(Ex: They haven't travelled abroad.

• (?) HAVE / HAS + Subject + Past Participle ?

(Regular: Have they travelled abroad?

THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

FORM

USE

• We use the present perfect continuous when we want to emphasize the duration of an action, because it has been tiring, or boring, or very long.

Ex: My sister has been studying for her maths exam the whole week.

• We also use it when the action has finished recently and we can see the consequences or the result of that action:

Ex: Why are you sweating so much? Because I have been running for twelve hours.

(+) Subject + HAS / HAVE + BEEN + Verb + ING Ex: We have been playing the guitar today. (-) Subject + HASN’T / HAVEN’T + BEEN + Verb + ING Ex: We haven’t been playing the guitar today (?) HAS / HAVE + Subject + BEEN + Verb + ING? Ex: Have we been playing the guitar today?

PRACTICE

time expressions

https://speakspeak.com/english-grammar-exercises/upper-intermediate/present-perfect-simple-v-continuous

• All the morning, all day, all the afternoon… • The whole day, evening... • Lately • Recently • For a long time

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