4º ESO STARTER UNIT GRAMMAR REVIEW

STARTER UNIT GRAMMAR REVIEW

4º ESO

START

PRESENT SIMPLE

• Habits (I always go to bed at 10 p.m)
• Routines (On Thursdays, I play tennis)
• Future timetables (Class starts at 8:15 a.m.)
• We can use adverbs of frequency (always, never, often, sometimes or usually).

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

• Actions happening right now (I am writing on my notebook.)
• Future plans (We are having lunch at 3:00 p.m.)
• We often use expressions like: now, right now, at the moment...

PAST SIMPLE

• Finished events. (We watched a film last night.)
• Sequences of past events (in narrations).
• Regular vs. irregular verbs.
• We can use time expressions like: last night/month/year, yesterday, the past week...

PAST CONTINUOUS

• Actions that were happening during a particular time in the past (We were watching a film the whole evening.)
• We can use time expressions like: last night/month/year, yesterday, the past week...

OTHER STRUCTURES WITH PAST SIMPLE AND PAST CONTINUOUS

INTERRUPTED ACTIONS

• We use "when" + past simple to indicate the action that interrupts and "while" / "as"+ past continuous to indicate the action that is interrupted.

While we were cooking, the phone rang. We were cooking when the phone rang.

SIMULTANEOUS ACTIONS

• We use "while" + past continuous and another action in past continuous to present two actions that were happening at the same time.

While I was watching TV, my sister was doing her homework.

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

• Actions that started in the past and are still happening (I have worked here for a year.)
• Past actions that affect the present time (I don't feel good because I have eaten too much.)
• Past actions in an unknown time (They have invited me to the dinner.)
• Very recent actions (I have just spoken to her.)

IMPORTANT TIME ADVERBS AND EXPRESSIONS WITH PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

USED TO

• It expresses events, states or habits that were usual in the past.
• It is formed with used to + verb (infinitive)

I used to live in this house.

FUTURE TENSES

BE GOING TO

WILL

PRESENT SIMPLE

PRESENT CONTINOUS

FUTURE CONTINUOUS

BE GOING TO

• Future plans or intentions. (We are going to have lunch at 3:00 p.m.)
• Predictions based on evidence. (Be careful! You are going to break it!)

WILL

• To announce future actions. (We wil have dinner in this restaurant tonight.)
• Future predcitions based on beliefs (I think you will love this new Marvel film.)
• To express spontaneous decissions (It's so hot here! I will open the window.)

FUTURE CONTINUOUS

• To express actions that will be happening in a specific moment in the future (By this time tomorrow, I will be flying to Paris.)
• To ask for somenone's plans or intentions (Will you be studying for tomorrow's test?)