tragedia marcinelle
PASSANTINO ROSSELLA DARIA
Created on September 12, 2024
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1956
Da Passantino Rossella Daria, istituto comprensivo Alberico Gentili Palermo.
La tragedia di Marcinelle
indice
6. sitografia
5. cessano le discriminazioni
4. un patto
3. GIUSTIZIA FATTA
2. causa
1. INTRODUZIONE
indice
La tragedia di marcinelle, accadde l'otto agosto del 1956 in Belgio, alle 8:10 del mattino e ad una profondità di -975 m. La miniera si chiama Bois du cazier e coinvolse 265 vittime, tra cui: 136 italiani (cinque venivano dall'Emilia Romagna, uno da Pietracotora, uno da Mercato Saraceno, due da Pavullo ed un altro da Pignano sulla secchia) 95 belgi, 8 polacchi, 5 tedeschi, tre algerini, due francesi, tre ungheresi uno olandese, uno russo ed uno ucraino. Solo 12 furono i sopravvissuti.
INTRODUZIONE
1956
A causare questa enorme tragedia, fu proprio un malinteso sul tempo di avvio degli ascensori, infatti, dal fondo del pozzo caricavano sul montacarichi i vagoncini con il carbone. Il montacarichi, avviato al momento sbagliato, urtò contro una trave d'acciaio, tranciando un cavo dell'alta tensione, con una conduttura dell'olio (800 litri) e un tubo dell'aria compressa. In questo modo, nelle gallerie superiori si sparse l'incendio, causato dall'infuocamento delle strutture in legno, mentre nelle gallerie inferiori morirono a causa del fumo e quindi della grossa quantità di grisú nell'aria. In questo modo iniziarono le ricerche che durarono ben 15 giorni, finendo così il 23 agosto alle ore 3:25 del pomeriggio, con l'urlo di un ricercatore italiano di nome Angelo berto, che emise un urlo di terrore: "Tutti cadaveri!"
DA COSA E' STATO CAUSATO?
cause
Si fece così giustizia, vi furono due processi, che portarono nel 1964 alla condanna di un ingegnere. Infatti, le miniere avevano attrezzature molto approssimative, pur avendo avuto moltissime lamentele da parte dei lavoratori. A quell'epoca, in Belgio, moltissime morti in miniera non venivano registrate come "morti sul lavoro" in modo tale da non dover pagare le famiglie. Erano pochissime quelle registrate, fino a quando nel 1956 il ministro degli affari economici sveló i veri numeri dei morti sul lavoro, infatti dal 1947 ai 1956 vi furono 1164 morti di cui 435 italiane. Furono diverse le cause di tutte queste morti, ma le principali erano frane ed eccessiva presenza di grisù.
GIUSTIZIA
giustizia
E fu proprio questa tragedia a porre fine a questo razzismo, perché gli italiani e belgi morirono gli uni affianco agli altri senza distinzioni.
Spesso però, il patto non veniva rispettato, il Belgio non sempre ripagava l'italia, perché discriminava ogni uomo che non fosse di origine belga e quindi pensavano che non ci fosse bisogno di rispettare sempre il patto. Infatti, moltissimi italiani che vivevano in Belgio soffrivano queste discriminazioni e venivano derisi.
Si scoprì anche il motivo di tutti questi italiani in Belgio, infatti, i Belgi fecero un patto con l'Italia: Roma avrebbe dovuto inviare 2000 uomini a settimana e Bruxellesi li avrebbe ripagati con 200 chili di carbone al giorno per ogni uomo inviato.
UN PATTO SEGRETO
In questo modo, a Roma, nel 1957, nell'articolo 48 della comunità economica europea (fondata il 25 marzo e conosciuta anche come CEE), diceva: "libera circolazione dei lavoratori all'interno della comunità. Essa implica l'abolizione di ogni discriminazione tra i lavoratori degli Stati membri", che erano: Belgio, Francia, Germania ovest (oggi unificata) Italia, Lussemburgo e Paesi Bassi. Al giorno d'oggi, la miniera Bois du Cazier, è diventata patrimonio dell'Unesco (dal 2001) e verrà sempre ricordata per aver dato inizio a tantissimi cambiamenti, tra cui nuove attrezzature per le miniere e la fine delle discriminazioni.
NUOVI CAMBIAMENTI
1957
GRAZIE PER LA VISIONE!
SITI UTILIZZATI
sitografia
2008
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LOREM IPSUM DOLOR
2004
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LOREM IPSUM DOLOR
2002
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2000
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2000
OBJEcTIVeS
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Technology
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+ Info
2015
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2019
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2011
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2010
+ Info
DATa
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population
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2022
2021
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2021
2020
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2020
20XX
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+ 45k
+ 85k
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+ 12k
+ 190M
20XX
people
NAME SUrNAME
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+ Info
+ Info
NAME SURNAME
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NAME SURNAME
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NAME SURNAME
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people
NAME SURNAME
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19XX-20XX
decades
thank
you
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