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Development Gaps in the Region

LGBTQ+ Population

Click on each area to learn about some of this population's characteristics and main development gaps.

DEMOGRAPHY

EDUCATION

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HEALTH

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EMPLOYMENT

VIOLENCE

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Brechas de desarrollo en la región

A partir de datos censales sabemos algunas cosas sobre las parejas del mismo sexo que cohabitan, aunque estas son solo una fracción de las personas LGBTQ+. Por ejemplo, sabemos que tienen:

VIOLENCIA

Población LGBTQ+

No hay patrones tan claros entre países sobre el empleo:

Las mujeres que están en parejas del mismo sexo tienen una mayor participación laboral que las que están en parejas de diferente sexo.

Los hombres en parejas del mismo sexo tienden a una menor participación, por ejemplo en Colombia, Guatemala y México.

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Mayores niveles de educación

Tasa de propiedad de la vivienda más baja

Menor probabilidad de vivir con niños

LGBTQ+ people face health-related gaps.

LGBTQ+ people experience stigmas and discrimination that can limit their access to health services. Intersex people in Mexico have worse mental health than non-intersex people, with higher levels of dissatisfaction, insomnia, depression, and suicidal thoughts.In Chile, gays, lesbians, and bisexuals report lower health levels.

LGBTQ+ people face specific gaps in the labor market.

In Mexico, representative, national-level data indicates that LGBTQ+ people report greater discrimination in the labor market. And in Ecuador and Costa Rica, qualitative studies report that the LGBTQ+ population is vulnerable to assault, harassment, and intimidation. In Brazil, same-sex couples on average earn more than heterosexual couples. In Mexico, same-sex female couples have higher income, but same-sex male couples have lower income. Labor market participation is higher among women in same-sex couples than among women in other-sex ones, while the reverse is true for men. In Mexico, intersex people's labor force participation rate is 69%, which is lower than the rate for all men (88%) but higher than that of all women (57%).

A greater percentage of younger people identify as LGBTQ+. Same-sex couples tend to be younger, and they are also less likely to live with children, especially in the case of male couples. They are also less likely to live in their own home.

Violencia contra la población LGBTQ+

La violencia contra las personas LGBTQ+ es prevalente en América Latina y el Caribe. Se reporta que 63% de los crímenes basados en prejuicios entre 2014 y 2019 se cometieron por motivos de orientación sexual o identidad de género de la víctima. 

La policía y otras fuerzas de seguridad comparten las mismas actitudes y prejuicios contra personas LGBTQ+ que prevalecen en la sociedad en general. Esta situación propicia que las personas LGBTQ+ se enfrenten al posible maltrato de oficiales de policía cuando intenten denunciar crímenes, y muchos temen revelar su orientación sexual e identidad de género.

En 2022, siete de cada diez asesinatos de personas trans reportados en el mundo ocurrieron en América Latina y el Caribe. En Brasil, de las 273 personas LGBTQ+ que murieron de forma violenta en 2022: 228 fueron asesinatos, 30 suicidios y 15 de otras causas. 

Violence against the LGBTQ+ population.

A major problem in the region is high levels of identity-based violence against the LGBTQ+ population. This violence includes verbal, physical, and sexual assaults and, in the most severe cases, murder.

From 2014 to 2019 in the region, 63% of prejudice-based crimes were committed for reasons related to the victim's sexual orientation or gender identity.

A large majority of victims are trans women.

The Trans Murder Monitoring Observatory reported the murder of 236 trans people in Latin America and the Caribbean in 2023, including 100 in Brazil and 52 in Mexico, making them the two countries with the most cases of this type in the region.

LGBTQ+ people face educational gaps.

Bullying of LGBTQ+ students is a problem in schools and impacts their academic performance and mental health. Same-sex couples are more likely to have at least one year of post-secondary education compared to heterosexual couples.A smaller percentage of the intersex population in Mexico finishes post-secondary education: 11% compared to 25% of women and 26% of non-intersex men.