(EN) - D2IMIG Serious Game 2 - Italy

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Your story

Hello Teuta,

Welcome to the start of your journey.

After completing your mandatory education, your family would like you to get married and start a family. They want you to stay close to them in order to help them with their farm and related activities. They would like the whole family members’ to live close to each other.

Instead, you would like to go further with your studies attending university abroad. You would like to see the world, to meet new people and to start a satisfying career as a translator or a teacher because you’re very interested in learning foreign languages.

Beside the intention of living within more international contexts, you are also worried of the economic and socio-political situation in Albania. Although Albania is experiencing a period of economic growth related to tourism, you do not live in a tourist area. You are worried about not being able to do the work you are interested in and not having an adequate salary. You also want to openly live your sexual orientation.

Home

Minigame 1

Barometer of determinants

There are various reasons for leaving or having to leave your home country. What do you think are the main determinants making Teuta leave Albania? Find below more information on each category before answering the question on the right.

Culture & Identity

Environment

Education

Economic situation

Family life

Political insecurity

Minigame 1

Barometer of determinants

Were your guesses right? Find out more about Teuta's determinants for departure.

Environment

Culture & Identity

Teuta is not leaving due to environmental reasons or recent disaster situations in her home country.

25% - Teuta wants to improve her cultural condition, attend an international context and live her identity freely.

Political insecurity

Education

25% - Teuta wants to openly live as a lesbian woman and start a family in a welcoming context for what concerns LGBTQI+ rights.

25% - Teuta wants to attend a European university to improve her chances to work as a translator or teacher and travel the world.

Family life

Economic situation

Teuta is not migrating for marriage or family reunification.

25% - Teuta wants to increase her own economic independence and autonomy.

Arrival

Capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna region in Northern Italy.

• 394.843 inhabitants
• 7th most populous city in Italy

Welcome to Bologna!

INFO

Make a decision!

It is time to make a decision!

You are finally in Bologna but you don’t know what to do first: explore the new city around you and learn more about Italian culture, or going to confirm your University enrollment. You don’t want to feel like a stranger in Bologna but rather know your way around, so discovering the possibilities of Bologna would be a good idea. But at the same time, you know having all your study documents and your university placement in order, is important as well. What are you going to do?

Keep in mind that this decision might influence your future journey

Confirm your university application

Explore Bologna

Oh no!

You missed the University deadline to enroll in the course you were interested in! You have been busy with many tasks and things to do. You feel angry and delusional but you also have the feeling you couldn’t do things differently. Migration is hard, especially for a young woman struggling with language and bureaucracy!

CONTINUE

University

Searching for a room

Make a decision!

It is time to make a decision!

You really like the room that was shown to you and the roommates seem to be nice but still, the price is very high, even if you share it with the others. But you are also not sure if you are able to find something cheaper, considering the prices in Bologna. You have to solve this as soon as possible, as you need a place to stay at. What are you going to do?

Keep in mind that this decision might influence your future journey

Decline and search for other rooms

Accept the room offer

Student job search

Make a decision!

It is time to make a decision!

You are offered a full time job. You couldn’t accept it because you are a foreign student and could only work for 20 hours per week. Finding a balance between work and housing sounds very important to you. You feel worried because you would like to have job but Bologna is very expensive for a part-time salary. You sometimes regret coming to Italy but you are deeply willing to create your own autonomous future in Italy! What are you going to do?

Keep in mind that this decision might influence your future journey

Find another job

Work full-time

While you are working, a couple of Police officers come to the cafè. Firstly they get a coffee and start talking to you and your colleagues. They just seem like they're taking a break but you start feeling anxious because you know you’re working irregularly. They ask your chief all the documents concerning your employment there and discover you’re working there irregularly. You feel overwhelmed by anxiety and fear. You don’t want to terminate your experience in Bologna and you don’t want to come back to Albania. You would like to run away but the police stops you.

CONTINUE

Job needed!

Make a decision!

It is time to make a decision!

You really need to find a job or even two! Bologna is expensive but you also feel that working you might implement your social interactions and improve your Italian. You sometimes recall your Albanian family that, even if they had some conservative ideas about female work, they taught you that working is fundamental not only for economic support but also to feel useful and part of the community you live in. You feel you have to choose what’s best for you and your social and economic possibilities. What are you going to do?

Keep in mind that this decision might influence your future journey

Take the better paying irregular job

Take the regular and legal job

You keep on working hard and studying at the same time. You start feeling very tired. Studying in Italian is exausting and even if Italian students and professors are nice and kind with you, they often don’t have the time to help you with your Italian comprehension.

Also at work it’s very tiring to speak Italian and to undestand what people say. They talk very fast! Learning Italian can be challenging for non-native speakers due to its complex grammar, extensive verb conjugations, and gendered nouns. Mastering the use of articles, prepositions, and subjunctive moods often requires time and practice. Pronunciation, while generally phonetic, can also pose difficulties, particularly with rolled "r" sounds and double consonants. Additionally, regional accents and dialects may vary significantly, making it harder to understand spoken Italian in different parts of the country.

CONTINUE

However, Italian’s logical structure, musicality, and shared roots with other Romance languages often make it a rewarding and achievable endeavor with consistent effort. The work shifts are also very tiring. You go to bed late and wake up very early.

Make a decision!

It is time to make a decision!

You start thinking that probably a full time job is too much for you. Especially in Italian! You don’t find solidariety among your colleagues and your boss is starting to get tired of you. You feel very confused because even if you feel overwhelmed, you need the money to pay your accomodation, the bills and everything you need to keep staying in Bologna. What are you going to do?

Keep in mind that this decision might influence your future journey

Switch to a different job

Keep the irregular job

You are feeling tired and you also get caught!

Police arrive at the Cafè you work at and they discover you are an irregular worker. They are not nice at all with you. They treat you almost as a criminal and make jokes about you having to go back to your country. You feel depressed and angry.

CONTINUE

Instances of police violence against irregular immigrants have been reported in various countries, including Italy, raising concerns about human rights violations. These incidents often stem from heightened tensions surrounding immigration policies and the challenges of managing undocumented populations. Irregular immigrants, due to their vulnerable status, may face discrimination, abuse, or excessive force during detentions or deportations. Such actions not only harm individuals but also undermine trust in law enforcement. Addressing this issue requires strict oversight, proper training for officers, and policies that prioritize dignity and respect for all individuals, regardless of their legal status.

You like your job, you sometimes feel tired but you are happy and also improving your Italian.

Clients are mostly students and locals. Students come from all over Italy so you start recognizing Italian accents. Italian accents vary widely across the country, reflecting its rich regional diversity.

Each region has its own unique way of pronouncing words, influenced by local dialects and historical linguistic roots. In the north, accents tend to be softer and more influenced by nearby languages like French and German, as seen in areas like Milan or Venice. Central Italy, including Tuscany, is known for its clear pronunciation, particularly in Florence, considered the standard for Italian. In the south, accents are often more musical and rhythmic, with stronger intonations, as heard in Naples and Sicily. These regional accents are a cherished part of Italy's cultural identity, adding character and variety to the language.

CONTINUE

You also start feeling part of the community and also you feel you are learning how to work properly and with kindness. Sometimes you miss Albania and your family and friends but you are generally happy in Bologna.

Socialising

Make a decision!

It is time to make a decision!

You feel really bad about your roommate’s opinions and behavior. You feel attacked and humiliated as a person and as also part of the LGBTQIA+ community. You don’t know what to do, you feel lonely. You hoped that leaving Albania would have helped you living in a more liberal and open-minded context, instead you feel disappointed and still a victim of homophobic attitudes towards the LGBTQIA+ community. You feel you would like to disappear, you are very scared of your roommate but also very angry and tired of being assaulted. What are you going to do?

Keep in mind that this decision might influence your future journey

Confront your roommate

Keep quiet about the encounter

LGBTQIA+ in Italy

LGBTQIA+ in Italy

Finding support!

You join the Cassero LGBTQIA+ support group the SPAD employee suggested. You feel welcomed and happy. People there are nice and you are making new friends. They invite you to their social activities: they organize parties, dinners, excursions and educational activities with youth. You start volounteering with high-school students in order to contrast homophobia.

You really enjoy it! You keep improving your Italian and start having the feeling to know more about Italian culture from within. You also feel very helpful in contrasting homophobia among young students. Combating homophobia is crucial for building inclusive and equitable societies. Homophobia not only harms individuals by fostering discrimination, exclusion, and mental health struggles, but it also undermines the values of respect and equality. Promoting awareness, education, and acceptance helps create safer environments where everyone can live authentically, free from fear or prejudice.

CONTINUE

Legal protections, such as anti-discrimination laws, and supportive initiatives, like pride events and inclusive education, play a vital role in challenging stereotypes and fostering understanding. Addressing homophobia is not just about protecting LGBTQIA+ rights but about affirming the dignity and humanity of all people.

Make a decision!

It is time to make a decision!

You start feeling stronger and more confident about your sexual orientation so you start think about how to face your homophobic roommate who keeps sharing his violent and discrimination opinions. You don’t know what’s the best option though. You would like to have some support from your roommates but you don’t know if they are willing to help you. What are you going to do?

Keep in mind that this decision might influence your future journey

Ask the other roommates for support

Face the roommate alone

A step towards the future...

You are feeling good with your roommates. They helped and supported you in facing the homophobic roommate who finally left the apartment. You feel part of a community and start seeing them as allies and friends. You are happy you support each other and have the feeling to be home. Even though you still miss Albania sometimes you are sure you are starting to live your adulthood in the right place.

CONTINUE

Being lonely...

You feel depressed and lonely because the roommate didn’t take you seriously and keeps with his hate-speeches against foreign people and the LGBTQIA+ community. You feel no one undestands you, even people your age! You hoped Italy was a more liberal context but it reminds you Albania and all the insults you received as part of the LGBTQIA+ community! Unfortunately homophobia has no borders and can be experienced anywhere.

CONTINUE

Life is moving...

You find a room that is not so expensive, it’s inside a student resident. You also find a part time job at a library. You don’t earn much but it’s a job provided by the University, so totally regular. The colleagues are welcoming and nice. They respect the fact you are learning Italian so they speak slowly and help you with learning new words.

CONTINUE

Languages and studies in Italy

Socialising

Further education

Minigame 2

Italian Citizenship Part 1

CONTINUE

In the following section we will give you some questions regarding the Italian Citizenship exams and requirements. Do not worry, they have no influence on the game itself. Click "Send" to check if you chose the correct answers. To continue with the game, please click "Continue".

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Minigame 2

Italian Citizenship Part 2

In the following section we will give you some questions regarding the Italian Citizenship exams and requirements. Do not worry, they have no influence on the game itself. Click "Send" to check if you chose the correct answers. To continue with the game, please click "Continue".

CONTINUE

Read more

Read more

Read more

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Read more

Make a decision!

It is time to make a decision!

You have very good social and manual skills. One day, you would like to start your own business and become a business woman! You won’t be scared and find the right training to improve your competences and become a trustful professionist! You still don’t know what kind of job you might like the most. What are you going to do?

Keep in mind that this decision might influence your future journey

Beauty technician

Barista

Hair dresser

For the future...

You attend a professional course as a barista and you love it! People are nice and the context is vibrant. You learn a lot about mixology but also about socialising and managing a business in the food and beverage area. You feel you find the right place where to use and to implement both your social and technical skills!

CONTINUE

Life moves forward...

While attending a professional course as a beauty technician you end up meeting a nice girl. You start dating and feel very happy. She is very handsome and nice. You didn’t expect she liked you back because you sometimes feel very insecure. She introduces you to her friends and family. You feel loved and welcomed. Since you sometimes miss your family in Albania, she provides you the warmth you needed living in a foreign country you are still learning to know and love.

CONTINUE

Where the future leads us...

You attend a professional course as a hairdresser and, after having worked for a couple of years as an employee, you open your salon!

It’s very stressful sometimes but you are very proud of yourself. You become an entrepreneur and you are happy with your life in Italy!

Female entrepreneurship in Italy has been steadily growing, although it still faces challenges such as gender inequality and limited access to funding. Italian women are increasingly starting businesses, particularly in sectors like fashion, food, technology, and wellness. Many women entrepreneurs are driven by a desire for greater work-life balance, creative expression, or the need to break traditional gender roles in the business world. Despite these advancements, women in Italy still encounter barriers, including societal expectations, family responsibilities, and limited support networks.

CONTINUE

However, various initiatives, organizations, and programs are helping to empower female entrepreneurs, offering mentorship, financial assistance, and networking opportunities, contributing to the gradual shift towards a more inclusive entrepreneurial landscape.

Your family comes visiting you once a year but you miss them very much. You decide to open a local salon in Albania so that you can come back more often there. You are also happy about supporting local economy.

Deported

The police gives you a waybill document so you have to leave Italy because you worked full time on a student permit. You go back to Albania feeling you failed and disappointed everyone, including yourself and your family. Once you get back there they make you feel even more miserable. They insist telling you you made a terrible decision leaving Albania and going to Italy. Your life has to be in Albania, working with them and supporting their business.

They also refer to what’s best for a woman: getting married, having babies and dedicate herself to the family! You respect and love them but you feel desperate in not being able to create your own future. You wonder how many young women all over the world feel the same but at the same time you feel very sad and lonely.

Student life

Your future...

You are happily living in Bologna within a welcoming social environment, starting a new life experiencing vibrant relationships. You have friends and a nice job, your Italian is starting to be very good and you are even starting a romantic relationship with an Italian girl! You are very satisfied and excited about the future. You would really like your family to see how happy you are!

You send them pictures to help them visualize your life and to know your girlfriend and friends. They sound a bit shy in answering your text but at the same time they seem proud of you. They tell you the whole village greets you and, even if they miss you, everyone is very happy to know that you are enjoying your life in Bologna. You are not sure your family mentions that you are a lesbian but you know that changes come slowly and you feel happy you are in your Albanian community’s thoughts.

Loneliness

You are living in Bologna but feel depressed and isolated, you feel your journey from Albania didn’t end as you wished. You feel you failed, you did everything wrong and your family was right trying to convince you to remain in Albania. You feel completely delusional and you start meditating about going back to Albania even if you know it would be very hard and sad. You knew that migrating to Italy would have been difficult but you hoped all your efforts would have been recognised. You feel your mental health is also failing.

You cry a lot and spend most of the time in bed. You would like to find some professional help but you feel to depressed and without enough capital. You start thinking that the only option for you to survive might be to come back to Albania. You feel desperate but it seems the only thing to do, even painful.

Uncertainty

Your migratory and existential project fails and you feel totally miserable. You don’t understand how all your efforts didn’t work and you find yourself right where everything started: unhappy, frustrated and unable to self-determinate your future. Especially concering your sexual orientation you feel very scared: you are not sure that you will be able to live it openly in Albania.

The village you come from is made of very welcoming inhabitants but they are very homophobic, especially eldery people. You feel you only want to be yourself and the place you were born – even if you love it – is not accepting and valuing you the way you are. You would only like to find love as anyone else does and you blame homophobia for not letting you. You are so angry and miserable!

Life as a barista

You end up finding a well paid 20 hour job. You find a nice room and keep on meeting new people and enjoying the vibrant life in Bologna. You love its porches, streets and cultural initiatives. You have even learnt how to cook “bolognese” (a special pasta sause that means “from Bologna”)! Your family tells you they miss you but they are very proud of you.

One day your mom texts you and asks you how are things going. You invite her and the rest of the family in Bologna in order to see your life and appreciate how fierce you were in leaving your old life and creating your own future. You have the feeling to be somehow different from them: they are less open-minded and more conservative than you, but at the same time they are your family and even if they don’t know how to cook “bolognese” they’re fantastic, loving and proud of you and your choices.

Life as a beauty technician

Your future...

You find a nice job and move in with your girlfriend. You rember how difficult it was to find an accomodation when you arrived in Bologna in the first place. You feel proud of yourself recalling all the steps you have taken so far! After a while of living together, you introduce her to your family. They seem surprised you have a girlfriend but they become more and more caring about you as a lesbian couple.

After a while they decide to come visit you in Bologna. You feel very nervous about it and wonder if they will concretely accept your relationship. At the end, you spend the most beautiful week all together in Bologna! Your family loves your girlfriend and, even if you will never forget how hard the fist days being an Albanian migrant in Italy were, you are completely satisfied and happy with the life you are living!

Life as a hair dresser

You are sure they would have loved her but you accept the fact that overcoming their homophobia is probably too difficult for them. They have always lived in such a short-minded contexts and even if they love you, they can’t overcome their rigid convinctions. You are happy they support your life in Italy but you feel you will always feel disappointed about their conservative values towards sexual orientation.

Your family is very supportive of your economic situation and you being an entrepreneur but they don’t welcome your girlfriend. They are stuck in their conservative and homophobic values. They don’t accept your sexual orientation and you feel very sorry for that. You are confused because on the one hand you love them no matter what but on the other hand you can’t accept the ways they discriminate you and your relationship.

Try again next year

It’s too frustrating and impossible for you to stay. You often have the feeling Italy is not as welcoming as you hoped before experiencing a daily life in Bologna. You feel you followed your dream but didn’t consider all the difficulties of migrating. Although it makes you suffer, you decide to go back to Albania and to take your time to figure out what to do both with your dreams and your life too! You feel you have to be more concrete: migrating can be amazing but also very challenging!

You decide to try next year. In the meantime you enjoy Bologna for a while but you come back to Albania. You love the city, its cafés and restaurants, its “piazza” and its social life. The people living in Bologna comes from all over Italy for study reasons but also for work. It’s expensive and sometimes chaotic but it seems exactly the place you want to stay but – at least for now – it will remain a dream.

The End

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This game offers different routes and stories depending on your choices. If you didn't like how your story went or want to explore different routes and countries, click on the button below "New game".

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Study for a diploma as a barista

You start working as a barista: it involves preparing and serving coffee and other beverages, and creating a welcoming atmosphere for customers. The job requires multitasking, attention to detail, and a friendly attitude, as baristas often interact with a diverse range of customers. It's a dynamic role that combines technical abilities with creativity, especially when crafting specialty drinks or managing fast-paced environments. Working as a barista can be both rewarding and challenging, offering opportunities for growth in hospitality and customer service. You really like it!

Next

Political insecurity / Dictatorship: The person needs to flee a situation of political insecurity, war or conflict (non-respect of rights, physical threats, persecution particularly against LGBTQI+, failure of democracy), they are asylum seekers/refugees

There are three main ways:

• By birth (Jus Sanguinis): If you have Italian ancestry, you may be eligible for citizenship if at least one parent is/was an Italian citizen.
• By marriage: A foreign spouse of an Italian citizen can apply for citizenship after two years of marriage (or one year if living in Italy), provided no separation occurs.
• By naturalization: Foreigners who legally reside in Italy for 10 years (4 for EU citizens) can apply for citizenship.

By 2025, Italy does not have full Ius Soli (citizenship by birth on Italian soil). Children born in Italy to foreign parents are not automatically citizens. However, they can apply for citizenship at age 18 if they have lived in Italy continuously since birth. Discussions about reforming the law to include a form of Ius Soli or Ius Culturae (based on education and integration) remain a topic of political debate.

Lavoro nero

In Italy, irregular jobs (known as "lavoro nero" or black market work) refer to employment that is unregulated, where workers are often paid under the table and lack legal protections like contracts, social security, or benefits. These jobs are common in sectors like agriculture, construction, hospitality, and domestic work. Workers in these positions often face lower wages, job insecurity, and poor working conditions. Irregular jobs also contribute to tax evasion and strain public welfare systems, as they bypass the formal economy. Despite government efforts to combat it, the informal economy remains a persistent challenge in Italy. This practice is more prevalent in the southern regions, where economic challenges and high unemployment rates contribute to its persistence. While it provides short-term income for some, "lavoro nero" undermines workers' rights and creates unfair competition for businesses operating legally. Efforts to combat it include stricter labor inspections, penalties for employers, and initiatives to promote formal employment.

Yes, minors automatically acquire Italian citizenship when their parent(s) become citizens.

Keep working irregularly

You decide to keep your irregular full time job. You are exhausted but you need money. You feel that while hard work can lead to personal and professional success, it can also take a toll on one's health, well-being, and work-life balance. Prolonged working hours may result in stress, burnout, and decreased productivity over time. In your case it can also lead to burocratic problems with the local police.

Next

The correct answer is...

• 69% of the Albanian population lives in urban areas, which is over 1.9 million of the inhabitants.

The correct answer is...

• With the GDP in Euro at around 291 807 million, the Services sector is the highest GDP ranked sector in Italy.

The correct answer is...

• ILGA-Europe's 2021 report states that the status of LGBT rights in Italy is below the standards of other Western European countries – such as still not recognizing same-sex marriage, lacking nationwide discrimination protections for goods and services, as well as not granting to same-sex couples parental rights, such as adoption and IVF.

Applicants must demonstrate proficiency in Italian at a B1 level (intermediate), either through an official test or recognized educational certification.

Too risky

You refuse and keep on looking for a part time job. You find yourself a bit discouraged. Finding a part-time job is not easy but you will keep looking. You believe in your competences and your willingness to work hard!

Next

Be safe and switch

You decide to leave it, you are too tired and start feeling very bad. You decide that it's important to find a balance between work and rest, and to recognize the value of taking breaks and prioritizing self-care. A sustainable approach to work promotes long-term success and a healthier, more fulfilling life. Nevertheless the difficulties of a migrant worker can face.

Next

Before 1948, Italian women could not pass citizenship to their children. If your Italian ancestor is a woman and her child was born before 1948, you’ll need to file a court case to claim citizenship.

The correct answer is...

• Social life and socialising in Italy is essential, especially for family gatherings and functions.

Learning Italian

You discover that many Italians - especially elderly people - don’t speak English. You try speaking Italian but they don’t seem to understand your difficulties. In fact, many Italians struggle with speaking English, a challenge rooted in historical, cultural, and educational factors. Unlike in northern European countries, English has not traditionally been prioritized in Italy's school curriculum until recent decades. Additionally, the widespread use of dubbed films and TV shows limits exposure to spoken English. In smaller towns and rural areas, opportunities to practice English are often scarce. While younger generations are increasingly learning English through improved education and digital resources, a significant portion of the population still finds it difficult to communicate in the language, particularly in professional or tourist settings.

The roommate's comments hurt

You decide to shut up because you are scared of being attacked. You feel lonely and violeted. You remember all the times you were a victim of homophobia while you were living in Albania. You feel disappointed in experiencing similar aggressions in Italy. You would like to find help and support.

Next

Education: The person wants or has to move away to attend certain studies and educational opportunities. This can also include professional training opportunities for their job.

Italian Professional Qualification System: Key Facts

Framework

Purpose

Levels of Qualification

EQF Level 1-2

Recognition of Skills

EQF Level 3-4

EQF Level 5

Regulated Professions

EQF Level 6

EQF Level 7

Lifelong Learning

EQF Level 8

Professional Pathways

• Vocational Training:

Offered by regional institutions and professional associations.Includes Istituti Tecnici Superiori (Higher Technical Institutes) for technical skills.

• University Education:

Bachelor’s (3 years) → Master’s (2 years) → Doctorate (3+ years).Enables access to regulated professions (e.g., lawyer, architect, engineer).

LGBTQIA+ and the government

In 2021 The Italian Parliament has been struggling with the discussion and approval of the so-called ‘Zan’ bill - Named after Alessandro Zan, a member of the Democratic Party, who was the first signatory of the text - against discrimination and violence based on sex, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity and disability. It didn’t become a national law because, after it was approved by the Camera dei Deputati - the Senate has decided not to proceed further in the discussion of the bill. Nevertheless, many researches show a constant and significant increase in gender- and disability-based hate crimes and violent discrimination against the LGBTQIA+ community. People who are victims of homolesbobitranshobia can address anti-discrimination and support services often promoted by municipalities and LGBTQIA+ organizations. In Bologna COSPE Onlus promotes SPAD, an anti-discrimination desk meant to welcome, listen, guide and support victims, or direct and indirect witnesses, of discrimination on racial, ethnic or religious basis. It receives discrimination reports and provides information.

Key documents include:

• Birth certificates for you and your Italian ancestor(s).
• Marriage certificates (if applicable).
• Death certificates (if applicable).
• Proof that the Italian ancestor did not renounce Italian citizenship.

Go on an adventure through bologna

First of all you want to see the city and enjoy its vibrant sociality! You want to meet people and feel your journey in Italy has started. You go out and start meeting new people in order to enjoy clubbing, going out and living openly your sexual orientation in a foreign city where no one knows you and can judge you. You feel happy and free but you miss the university’s enrollment deadline!

Next

Take the safe job

You take the regular job, you prefer to avoid irregular work even if you’re paid less. You don’t earn much but you know how to save money. You do your grocery shopping at the less expensive supermakets, you avoid buying new clothes and accessories you don’t need and you try to use all the free facilities Bologna has to offer.

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Events and celebrations

During Christmas, tables are filled with delicacies like panettone, torrone, and elaborate seafood dishes, while Easter brings colomba cake and lamb-based meals. Weddings and birthdays feature lavish spreads of regional specialties, with each region showcasing its unique flavors, from Sicilian cannoli to Emilia-Romagna’s tortellini. Even smaller events like name days or local village festivals, such as sagre, revolve around traditional dishes, wine, and plenty of shared laughter. These moments of celebration reflect Italy’s deep appreciation for both food and togetherness, making every occasion unforgettable.

Professional diplomas

In Italy, professional diplomas are specialised qualifications designed to prepare students for specific careers. These diplomas are typically obtained through technical institutes and focus on practical skills in fields like mechanics, healthcare, hospitality, etcetera. Programs usually last months or years and include a mix of classroom education and hands-on training, often with internships in the relevant industry. Professional diplomas are highly valued in sectors where technical expertise is essential, and they provide a direct path to employment, helping bridge the gap between education and the job market.

Looking for a job...

You walk around for days, handing in job applications and being questioned by bosses about your work experience and competences. Some of them are more welcoming but some others are very rude, Most of them don’t want to hire you as they think you are not flexible due to your studies. You sometimes have the feeling they don’t want to hire a non-Italian person. They don’t make racist comments on you but you don’t feel confortable with them asking so many personal questions on your origins and the reasons you came to Italy. In the end you find two jobs: one regular as a waitress which is less paid and another one, to work in a clothes shop, which is irregular. You have no contract but it is better paid. Your feelings are mixed: “I am happy I get the money I need to live in Bologna but I am also scared to be found by the Police as an irregular worker.”

You want to enroll in Bologna's University but you are unclear about how it works. You go to the administration office of the university. “Sorry, is this the Secretariat of University?”. The officer answers that it is but asks you which faculty you want to enroll in. You start wondering and thinking about it, clearly taking too long in his opinion. “Miss, you have to decide quickly, you haven’t all the time in the world.” You feel the pressure and start feeling confused about what to do. The officer explains what your options are and what kind of documents you need. You are not sure you have them all. You have to come again another time...

Your main social relations are with your roommates, they come all over Italy and you like being with them. There’s only one guy that seems not very welcoming. He has very conservative opinions: “I don’t like gay people, I think they are sick or just willing for attention. I don’t understand all this attention on them and why they always ask for legal recognition. I think they’re disgusting and annoying.” You are very surprised by your roommate’s opinion, you wonder how it is possible he has such homophobic feelings and thoughts. You also feel hurt because you are a lesbian.

You have arrived!

You are now in Bologna with a tourist VISA. Your friend meets you at the airport: Rozeta: Hi Teuta, welcome to Bologna! How was your trip? How is your family doing? I am happy you came. You will love Bologna, it’s amazing! You: It's lovely to be here. You feel happy to see your friend and excited about discovering the city. You hope everything will be fine though.

A message arrives...

While you are sitting with your family for dinner, wondering how to improve your life, you receive a text from a friend living in Italy:

Ciao Teuta, how are you doing?

I am in Italy!

It’s lovely here, you should come and leave Albania.

You think you would love to join her but also you feel sorry to leave your family. You feel thrilled and scared about starting a new life somewhere else.

Family life: The person moves away to marry or for family reunification,...

Speaking English in Italy

Living as a foreigner in Italy can be a rich and rewarding experience, offering the chance to immerse in the country’s vibrant culture, history, and lifestyle. However, it comes with challenges. Learning Italian is key to navigating daily life, as English is not widely spoken outside tourist areas.Bureaucracy can be complex, especially when dealing with residency permits, work visas, or healthcare. Social integration can take time, but Italians are generally welcoming and appreciate efforts to engage with their customs. The slower pace of life, emphasis on family, and strong community ties can make adjusting to life in Italy both enjoyable and culturally enriching.

The italian education system

Education in Italy is compulsory from 6 to 16 years of age, and is divided into five stages: Nursery school (scuola dell'infanzia), Primary school (scuola primaria or scuola elementare), Lower secondary school (scuola secondaria di primo grado or scuola media inferiore), upper Secondary school (scuola secondaria di secondo grado or scuola media superiore) and University (università). Education is free in Italy and free education is available to children of all nationalities who are residents in Italy. Italy has both a private and public education system. Within 8 working days of entering Italy, University students in possession of a visa must apply for a residence permit for study purposes at the local police headquarters. In Italy and across Europe, the most popular university faculties reflect evolving job markets and societal trends. In Italy, fields like medicine, law, and engineering consistently attract a large number of students, with business and economics also gaining popularity. Similarly, across Europe, disciplines such as computer science, artificial intelligence, and environmental sciences are increasingly in demand due to their relevance in addressing global challenges. Humanities and social sciences remain important, particularly in countries with strong cultural and historical traditions. Overall, students’ choices are shaped by a balance between passion, practicality, and the prospect of future career opportunities.

Accept the room offer

You take it, you will find a way to pay for it! You end up in a very nice room but you don’t have the money to pay for it. You have to find a job as soon as possible otherwise you will be kicked out by the landlord!

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The Italian labour market

The Italian labour market is highly diverse. Industrial activity is mostly concentrated in the north, while people in southern regions mainly work in agriculture and tourism. The main sectors ranked in order of GDP (2022) are: services (GDP EUR 291 807 million), manufacturing (GDP EUR 75 677 million), construction (GDP EUR 21 586 million), agriculture (GDP EUR 7 609 million). The most commonly offered employment contracts are fixed-term and full-time. The most requested qualification is an upper secondary school diploma. The last few years have seen a steady decline in the Italian population to a historical low in January 2023, with the total dropping to 58 850 717 people. The number of people with foreign citizenship stands at around 5 030 716 (8% of the population) with a higher concentration in north-western regions. Foreign students who arrive in Italy with a residence permit for study purposes can only work on part-time contracts that require them to perform 20 hours per week for a total of 1040 hours per year.

Find out more about the youth unemployment rate in Italy, in the infographic above.

Decline the offer and search for other possibilities

You decline, it’s too expensive for you. You feel very sorry but you cannot afford it. You feel a bit miserable but you are determinated to find another accomodation.

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Events and celebrations

During Christmas, tables are filled with delicacies like panettone, torrone, and elaborate seafood dishes, while Easter brings colomba cake and lamb-based meals. Weddings and birthdays feature lavish spreads of regional specialties, with each region showcasing its unique flavors, from Sicilian cannoli to Emilia-Romagna’s tortellini. Even smaller events like name days or local village festivals, such as sagre, revolve around traditional dishes, wine, and plenty of shared laughter. These moments of celebration reflect Italy’s deep appreciation for both food and togetherness, making every occasion unforgettable.

LGBTQIA+ and the government

In 2021 The Italian Parliament has been struggling with the discussion and approval of the so-called ‘Zan’ bill - Named after Alessandro Zan, a member of the Democratic Party, who was the first signatory of the text - against discrimination and violence based on sex, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity and disability. It didn’t become a national law because, after it was approved by the Camera dei Deputati - the Senate has decided not to proceed further in the discussion of the bill. Nevertheless, many researches show a constant and significant increase in gender- and disability-based hate crimes and violent discrimination against the LGBTQIA+ community. People who are victims of homolesbobitranshobia can address anti-discrimination and support services often promoted by municipalities and LGBTQIA+ organizations. In Bologna COSPE Onlus promotes SPAD, an anti-discrimination desk meant to welcome, listen, guide and support victims, or direct and indirect witnesses, of discrimination on racial, ethnic or religious basis. It receives discrimination reports and provides information.

Don't involve others

You talk to him by yourself. He doesn’t take your comments and requests seriously. He insists being aggressive and judgemental. You have the feeling he represents a terrible mixture of homophobia and toxic masculinity.

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Socialising in italy

Even in modern times, Italians strive to maintain these traditions, whether it’s gathering for family events, preparing handmade pasta, or following seasonal food customs. To Italians, preserving their culinary heritage is more than just about food—it’s about sharing stories, memories, and a deep sense of belonging. While being very attached to their traditions and manners (Italians would never have cappuccino after noon and put parmesan on fish dishes!) they are very interested in socialising and meeting new people and habits. Most of time, they love chatting with strangers and do some small talks with people they meet for the first time. Being polite and welcoming is something Italians generally care about, together with hispitality. Buying someone a coffee (esperesso, of course!) is one of the most popular gesture among those who want to be kind and friendly with both people they know and strangers too. Caffè sospeso ("suspended coffee") is a beautiful tradition from Naples, a city in Southern Italy, where someone pays for an extra coffee in advance for a stranger in need. It’s a simple yet generous gesture, allowing those less fortunate to enjoy a cup of coffee for free. This custom reflects the Italian spirit of community and kindness, turning a daily ritual into an act of solidarity.

Socialising in Italy is an important aspect of daily life, rooted in strong community and family ties. Italians value face-to-face interactions and often gather with friends and family for meals, coffee, or aperitifs. Meals, especially lunch and dinner, are central to socializing, with long, leisurely conversations over food being a cultural norm. Public spaces like piazzas, bars, and cafes are popular meeting spots where people chat and enjoy the vibrant atmosphere. Festivals, local events, and traditions also bring people together, fostering a strong sense of connection and belonging in Italian society. Italians have a profound respect for their traditions, which are deeply woven into their daily lives. Whether it’s family customs, regional festivals, or religious celebrations, these rituals are cherished as a way to honor their heritage and preserve their identity. Nowhere is this attachment stronger than in their cuisine. Italians take immense pride in their food, seeing it as a reflection of their history and culture. Recipes are often passed down through generations, prepared with care and using fresh, local ingredients. Each region fiercely defends its culinary specialties, from Naples' pizza to Bologna’s ragù.

A short historic insight into Albania!

Confront the roommate about their comments

You face your roommate and tell him he is homophobic and should stop talking so violently about LGBTQIA+ people. You feel liberated, proud and stronger. No one can judge others’ lifestyles and identities. You feel sorry for all those that have to face homophobia but at the same time you feel inspired to support other people self-determination.

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The correct answer is...

• Yes, the Italian education system between ages 6 and 16 is free for all permanent residents in Italy.

Study for a diploma as a hair dresser

You start doing a job that requires proficiency with various hairstyling tools and techniques, as well as a strong understanding of current trends and client preferences. Maintaining a clean and organized workspace, adhering to health and safety standards, and delivering excellent customer service are also essential aspects of the profession.

Next

Choose the full-time job

You accept the full time job since you need money to live in Bologna. You end up being very tired! You like the job but at the same time you are exhausted and also worried for possible police checks on undocumented and irregular workers.

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The Common European Asylum System (CEAS)

Starting in 1999 until 2020, the European Union has worked on the CEAS to establish a common asylum system that would be valid in all EU member states.The CEAS is governed by 5 deciding instruments and 1 agency:

• Asylum Procedures Directive: ensures fair and justified, quick, and qualitative decisions on asylum applications, provides special support to persons with special needs, including unaccompanied minors or victims of torture
• Reception Conditions Directive: checks for a common and qualitative standard of reception conditions and measures (accommodation, provisions, health, etc.)
• Qualification Directive: handles international protection, making asylum decision more long-term and stable and ensuring access to rights and support measures for beneficiaries of international protection

• Dublin Regulation: establishes the state responsible for the asylum application; serves as an early detection system for problematic issues and solving them before they turn into grave problems

• EURODAC regulation: Supports the Dublin regulation, further giving law enforcement in all EU member states entry into the fingerprint and information database of migrants to handle prevent, identify, and investigate serious crimes, such as terrorism

The main agency behind the CEAS is the European Union Agency for Asylum. The Agency's main purpose is improving the application of CEAS and its regulations, and providing assistance to the member states in the assessment of asylym applications. In 2020, the CEAS was reformed through the New Pact on Asylum and Migration, with the goal of improving the efficiency of procedures, and to improve solidarity, responsibility, and partnerships with third countries and/ or non-EU countries.

An overview of the Albanian population

The current population of Albania is 2,785,972 as of Sunday, October 13, 2024, based on Worldometers elaboration of the latest United Nations data. Albania 2024 population is estimated at 2,791,765 people at mid-year. It’s the equivalent to 0.03% of the total world population. Albania ranks number 143 in the list of countries (and dependencies) by population. The population density in Albania is 102 per km2 (264 people per mi2).

The total land area is 27,400 km2 (10,579 sq. miles). 69.0 % of the population is urban (1,927,019 people in 2024). The median age in Albania is 36.7 years.

Housing in Bologna

Student housing in Italy and Europe varies significantly, reflecting cultural, economic, and urban differences. In Italy, many students prefer to live at home during their studies, especially in southern regions, where strong family ties and financial considerations play a key role. In larger cities like Milan, Rome, and Bologna, students often rent shared apartments or private rooms, as university dormitories are limited and in high demand. Across Europe, student accommodation options are more diverse. Northern European countries like Germany, the Netherlands, and Scandinavia typically offer well-developed university housing systems, with dormitories or shared student apartments being popular. In the UK, many universities provide on-campus residences for first-year students, while upper-year students often transition to private rentals. The cost of housing varies widely, with cities like Paris, London, and Amsterdam among the most expensive, making affordability a key concern for students. In recent years, co-living spaces and private student housing providers have grown in popularity, offering flexible and community-oriented living options across Europe.

Housing in Bologna is difficult and expensive. Students are suggested to look for an accommodation in advance so that they can begin their studies in tranquility. When looking for accommodation, they should consider transportation in relation to the main location of their course. Choosing a place in a suburban area might be convenient for reaching their classroom easily. If they are a non-EU resident, they will need accommodation in order to apply for a residence permit.

Not automatically. Italy follows Jus Sanguinis (citizenship by descent), not Jus Soli (citizenship by birthplace). However, children born in Italy to foreign parents can apply for citizenship when they turn 18 if they’ve lived in Italy continuously.

You go to the SPAD help desk to find support on dealing with your homophobic roommate: “Hi, I would like to report my homophobic roommate but also ask you some LGBTQIA+ support groups in town.” The guy welcoming you is very gentle and suggests: “I recommend Cassero, the greatest LGBTQIA+ association in town! We will help you find the best way to report your roommate but it might be the best place to meet new people and enjoy a friendly place.”

Where to go from here...

It includes a wide range of services such as skincare, hair styling, nail care, and spa treatments. The sector is characterized by a strong emphasis on quality products, innovative treatments, and skilled professionals. Italian beauty salons and spas are popular among both locals and tourists, and the country is also home to leading global beauty brands. As a result, the aesthetic industry continues to be an important part of Italy’s economy, with a growing demand for trained professionals in the field. The food and beverage sector in Italy is one of the country’s most iconic and vital industries, deeply rooted in its culture and history. Known worldwide for its culinary traditions, Italy is home to a vast array of local dishes, wines, and specialty products, which drive both domestic consumption and international exports. The sector includes a wide range of activities, from restaurant and café management to food production, distribution, and marketing. Italy is famous for its wine regions, artisanal cheeses, pasta, and olive oils, which are essential to both the local economy and global trade. The industry continues to thrive, attracting millions of tourists each year and offering numerous job opportunities in areas such as hospitality, culinary arts, and food sciences.

You start thinking about getting a diploma to have more opportunities to find a better paid job: “I have many passions and interests and I love working with people!”. You wonder which career might fit your interests the best. You feel you should get a diploma in order to start your own career. You have very good social and manual skills. One day, you would like to start your own business and become a business woman! You have the feeling it might be more difficult for a young woman, but you feel fierce and proud. You won’t be scared and find the right training to improve your competences and become a trustful professionist! You still don’t know what kind of job you might like the most. You love both the beauty and welleness sector but also the food and beverage one. The beauty and wellness sector in Italy is a thriving industry, renowned for its high standards and luxurious offerings. Italy has long been at the forefront of fashion and beauty trends, and the aesthetic industry is no exception.

Looking for a job

You are starting to look for a job, even if you’ve read a lot about unemployment in Italy especially among young people. You are a young Albanian girl abroad, eager to start a new chapter in your life. With a heart full of dreams and determination, you've come to Italy, hoping to find work as a waitress or in retail, when your Italian will be good enough to talk to the customers. You know the path won’t be easy, but you’re ready to face the challenge. Each day, you search for job opportunities online, scrolling through web portals and sending out your CV to restaurants, cafes, and hotels. You know that having some experience in the hospitality industry will help, but you’re not afraid to start small and prove yourself. At the same time, you venture into local places, speaking directly to managers, asking if they need help, and offering your bright smile and willingness to learn. It’s tough, and sometimes you feel discouraged, but you remind yourself that persistence is key.

Every "no" is just one step closer to a "yes," and you're determined to make your mark in this new country. Even though it’s hard for a foreigner, you are trying your best to talk to the people you meet while walking around Bologna submitting your CV and showing your willingness to start a new job: “Hi, I am Teuta. I am an Albanian studying in Italy and I would like to start working for you. I should only work 20 hours a week since I am a foreign student. Is it possible for you?” “Hi Teuta, I can only offer you a full time job. It’s more convenient for me, I am sorry. I can also pay you some cash extra, if it helps your decision making.”

The correct answer is...

• Professional diplomas focus on theoretical and practical skills and are often connected to technical or practical jobs and professions.

Finding a home...

You are looking for a place to stay, so you go to a real estate agency and meet an agent. “Hi, I am Teuta, an Albanian student. I would like to rent a room to study here in Bologna. I don’t have a huge budget but I am available to share an apartment with other students or young workers.” She answers: “Good morning Teuta, finding a place in Bologna is very difficult. Rooms are very expensive” but after you insist, she shows you a nice apartment to be shared with some roommates. You are very worried you won’t find a place to stay, so you decide you have to find a solution. Housing is a crucial problem you have to solve as soon as possible.

Seek help from roommates

You involve your other roommates in order to talk to him all together. You are happy you faced him all together. You feel supported and welcomed the way you are. You want to do more to contrast homophobia and you feel increasingly free to openly live your sexual orientation.

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On November 28, 1443, the national hero of Albania, a prince known as Skanderbeg (George Kastrioti), raised his flag over the fortress of Krujë in defiance of the Turks who ruled the country. His small mountainous nation was able to resist the forces of the Ottoman Empire, although after Skanderbeg’s death in 1468 independence was lost again. His flag was red and bore a black eagle, even today the symbol of Albania. Like the symbol of the Byzantine Empire to which it once belonged, Albania’s eagle is double-headed.

The process can take up to 24–36 months, depending on the complexity of the case and the workload of the authorities.

Economic / Social safety net: The person moves away to access better socio-economic prospects (decent employment, increase in living standards) to improve their life quality or to support for the needs of the family remaining in the country, etc.

Yes! Italy allows dual citizenship, meaning you don’t have to renounce your original nationality to become an Italian citizen.

Italy #35 out of 113 countries (EF EPI)

Level of spoken English among high school graduates in Italy 2023. In 2024, almost half of the students who graduated from high school in Italy had at least a B2 level in spoken English. On the other hand, 17 percent of upper secondary school students could speak English at a basic level only.

Find out more

The correct answer is...

• Socialising in Italy can be easy and fun, as long as both parties either speak English, Italian or another language both know.

The correct answer is...

• English is not very wide-spoken outside of tourist and urban areas in Italy. It is recommended to speak Italian in the Italian rural areas to be able to communicate without worries.

The correct answer is...

• Bologna is mainly known for its university, which is widely recognized as one of the oldest universities in the world.

You arrive in...

Bologna

Bologna is an Italian city. Italy is a country in southern Europe, it is known for its rich history, art, and culture. It is home to iconic landmarks like the Colosseum, the Leaning Tower of Pisa, and the Vatican. Italy has influenced the world through its Renaissance art, with masters like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. Its diverse landscapes range from the snowy Alps in the north to the sunny Mediterranean coastlines. Italy is also famous for its cuisine, including pasta, pizza, and fine wines. Cities like Rome, Venice, and Florence attract millions of tourists each year, making Italy a cultural and historical treasure. More specifically, Bologna is known for its rich medieval history, its excellence in art, architecture, and culinary arts makes Bologna the historic capital of the Emilia Romagna region. It’s one of the most important centers of culture and learning in the world today. Bologna has many nicknames to describe its rich history. The city is known as “La Dotta, La Grassa, and La Rossa,” which roughly translates to “The Learned, The Fat, and The Red.” These serve to highlight the historic University of Bologna, the city’s reputation as a haven for foodies and its anti-fascist views during the Second World War. Nowadays it has also become a tourist attraction for people all over Europe and the world. Many of them come to visit the city for its university.

The Italian school system

Nursery / Scuola dell’infanzia

Lower Secondary school

Primary school

Upper secondary school

Higher education

UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOL - Scuola secondaria di secondo grado It is the final stage of secondary education and is designed for students aged 14 to 19 years. It lasts for five years and offers a range of educational pathways to suit different interests and career goals. Students can choose among several types of schools: liceo, which focuses on academic subjects like humanities, sciences, or arts; istituto tecnico, which provides a mix of theoretical and practical knowledge in fields such as technology, economics, or tourism; and istituto professionale, which focuses on vocational training for specific careers. At the end of the five years, students take the Esame di Stato (State Exam or Maturità), a comprehensive assessment required to graduate and access higher education or enter the workforce. Upper secondary school helps students to develop specialized knowledge while preparing them for university, vocational training, or employment.

PRIMARY SCHOOL - Scuola Primaria In Italy, scuola primaria (primary school) is the first stage of compulsory education and is designed for children aged 6 to 11 years. It lasts for five years and provides a foundation in key subjects such as Italian language, mathematics, history, geography, science, and art. Foreign language learning, typically English, is also introduced. The teaching approach emphasizes the development of critical thinking, creativity, and teamwork, while fostering respect and social responsibility. Assessment is based on both formal and informal evaluations, with no standardized exams until later educational stages. Primary school plays a vital role in shaping children’s educational journey and preparing them for the next stage of their studies.

NURSERY SCHOOL - Scuola dell’infanzia It is the first level of the education system and is designed for children aged 3 to 6 years. Although it is not compulsory, it is widely attended and plays a crucial role in preparing children for primary school. The curriculum focuses on fostering social, emotional, and cognitive development through play, creative activities, and early learning experiences. Teachers encourage children to develop basic skills, such as communication, problem-solving, and cooperation, in a supportive and stimulating environment. Nursery schools in Italy can be public or private, with public schools offering free education or low-cost services. The emphasis is on creating a positive and inclusive atmosphere that respects each child’s individuality and promotes their overall growth.

Higher education, in fact, includes universities, technical institutes, and art and music academies. The system is designed to provide a broad foundation while offering opportunities for specialization. Universities are the primary institutions for higher education and research, offering a wide range of programs at undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate levels. After completing secondary school and passing the Esame di Stato (State Exam), students can enroll to pursue degrees in disciplines such as arts, sciences, engineering, medicine, and more. The higher education system is structured into three main cycles: Laurea Triennale (Bachelor's Degree, 3 years), Laurea Magistrale (Master's Degree, 2 years), and Dottorato di Ricerca (PhD, 3-4 years). Some programs, like medicine or law, are single-cycle degrees that last 5-6 years. Universities in Italy can be public or private, with public institutions offering lower tuition fees, often subsidized by the government. Italy is renowned for its historic universities, such as the University of Bologna, the oldest in Europe, and its contributions to research and culture. Italian universities emphasize both theoretical knowledge and practical skills, preparing students for diverse career paths.

LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOL - Scuola secondaria di primo grado It is the second stage of compulsory education, designed for students aged 11 to 14 years. It lasts for three years and builds on the foundations of primary education, offering a more in-depth study of subjects such as Italian, mathematics, history, geography, science, English, a second foreign language, art, music, and technology. The curriculum also includes physical education and civic education, promoting well-rounded development. Teachers use both formative and summative assessments to evaluate students' progress, and the final year concludes with a state exam. This exam assesses knowledge across key subjects and includes a written test, an oral interview, and a project presentation. Lower secondary school prepares students for the next stage, scuola secondaria di secondo grado, helping them choose a pathway that aligns with their interests and career aspirations.

Culture / Emancipation / Identity: The person wants to achieve cultural emancipation, discover and build their own identity, is curious about the world, and has a desire to discover something new and different in their life. They want to encounter new people and discover new cultures and sides to themselves.

“Hi! I am Teuta and I come from Albania, what about you? Where are you from?”. The girl sitting next to you at the library says: “Hi! I am from Venice and my friend here comes from Naples, we are both living and studying in Bologna!”. You are very happy there are so many people from all over the country, you feel you can know Italian people better and really make new friends. “Do you want to go out with us tonight? We will introduce you to our group of friends! They come from all over the country and some also from abroad.”

The correct answer is...

• Housing is expensive and complicated which is why students are recommended with looking for their housing early on. Italian students often live at home with their families during their studies, saving on additional costs.

Go to the university

You decide that the first thing you want to do is to go to the University secretariat to confirm your enrollment. The main reason you came to Italy is studying. You feel you are missing all Bologna can offer in terms of socialisation but you manage to enroll on time. You feel you are doing everything a bit in a rush but you are proud you kept faith with your initial plan to go to Bologna to study.

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LGBT rights in Italy

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) rights in Italy significantly advanced in the 21st century, although LGBT people still face various challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents, despite public opinion being increasingly liberal and in favor of LGBT rights. According to ILGA-Europe's 2021 report, the status of LGBT rights in Italy is below the standards of other Western European countries – such as still not recognizing same-sex marriage, lacking nationwide discrimination protections for goods and services, as well as not granting to same-sex couples parental rights, such as adoption and IVF. Italy and Japan are the only G7 nations where same-sex marriages are not permitted. In Italy, every two days, a case of violence or discrimination against LGBTQIA+ people is registered. Violence but also a lot of fake news such as the most recurrent of which is that homosexuality is non-existent in nature or defined as a disease that can be cured with conversion therapy.

The correct answer is...

• Lavoro nero, or black market jobs, are most common in sectors like agriculture, construction, hospitality, and domestic work.

Take the irregular job

You take the irregular one. Bologna is very expensive and you need more money. You earn enough money to go out every week and to save a little bit every month. Nevertheless you are always a bit worried of being caught as irregular worker. You are not sure it’s worth the risk.

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The correct answer is...

• ILGA-Europe's 2021 report states that the status of LGBT rights in Italy is below the standards of other Western European countries – such as still not recognizing same-sex marriage, lacking nationwide discrimination protections for goods and services, as well as not granting to same-sex couples parental rights, such as adoption and IVF.

Study for a diploma as a beauty technician

You start doing a job that requires a deep understanding of beauty products, techniques, and hygiene practices, along with excellent communication skills to ensure customer satisfaction. The role can be both fulfilling and creative, offering opportunities for growth in the beauty industry.

Next

You go to the SPAD help desk to find support on dealing with your homophobic roommate: “Hi, I would like to report my homophobic roommate but also ask you some LGBTQIA+ support groups in town.” The guy welcoming you is very gentle and suggests: “I recommend Cassero, the greatest LGBTQIA+ association in town! We will help you find the best way to report your roommate but it might be the best place to meet new people and enjoy a friendly place.”

LGBT rights in Italy

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) rights in Italy significantly advanced in the 21st century, although LGBT people still face various challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents, despite public opinion being increasingly liberal and in favor of LGBT rights. According to ILGA-Europe's 2021 report, the status of LGBT rights in Italy is below the standards of other Western European countries – such as still not recognizing same-sex marriage, lacking nationwide discrimination protections for goods and services, as well as not granting to same-sex couples parental rights, such as adoption and IVF. Italy and Japan are the only G7 nations where same-sex marriages are not permitted. In Italy, every two days, a case of violence or discrimination against LGBTQIA+ people is registered. Violence but also a lot of fake news such as the most recurrent of which is that homosexuality is non-existent in nature or defined as a disease that can be cured with conversion therapy.

Mealtime is not rushed—it’s a moment to slow down, savor flavors, and strengthen bonds. Even in restaurants or trattorias, eating is a social experience. Italians value the pleasure of good company as much as the food itself, proving that in Italy, the kitchen truly brings people together. In Italy, also national and personal celebrations are a vibrant blend of tradition, family, and food. Whether it’s a national holiday, a religious festival, or a family gathering, cuisine plays a starring role in every event. Italians believe that good food enhances every moment, and festive meals are carefully prepared to honor the occasion.

Social life in italy

Socializing in Italy is an important aspect of daily life, rooted in strong community and family ties. Italians value face-to-face interactions and often gather with friends and family for meals, coffee, or aperitifs. Meals, especially lunch and dinner, are central to socializing, with long, leisurely conversations over food being a cultural norm. Public spaces like piazzas, bars, and cafes are popular meeting spots where people chat and enjoy the vibrant atmosphere. Festivals, local events, and traditions also bring people together, fostering a strong sense of connection and belonging in Italian society. Socialising is deeply connected to the rituality of eating together. Meals are a central part of Italian culture, where food and socialization blend seamlessly. Whether it’s a simple lunch with family or a grand Sunday dinner, the act of sharing a meal is a cherished tradition. Cooking is often a collaborative effort, with recipes passed down through generations. Friends and relatives gather around the table to enjoy homemade dishes like pasta, risotto, or pizza, paired with wine and lively conversation.

Environment: The person has to move away due to a disaster situation and/or hazards linked to the geographical nature of the territory (landslides, etc.), climate changes (drought, floods, storms, etc.).

The application fee for citizenship by naturalization or descent is approximately €250, excluding costs for translations, certifications, and apostilles.

The University of Bologna

The University of Bologna, founded in 1088, is widely recognized as the oldest university in the world. Established in Bologna, Italy, it was originally a center for studying law and quickly became a hub for scholars across Europe. During the Middle Ages, it played a key role in shaping the modern concept of a university as a self-governing institution dedicated to higher learning. The university attracted prominent intellectuals, including Dante Alighieri and Petrarch. Over the centuries, it expanded its disciplines and maintained its reputation for excellence. Today, it remains a prestigious institution, blending a rich historical legacy with innovative research and education.