Mind Map on Macromolecules and Bioelements

Fatty Acids

Structure

Waxes

Triglycerides

Lipids

Phospholipids

Function

Proteins

Steroids

Macromolecules and Biolements

Monosaccharides

Carbohydartes

DNA

Disaccharides

Nucleic Acids

Oligosaccharides

Polysaccharides

Biogenic elements

RNA

Primary elements

Trace elements

Secondary elements

Functions

Properties

Lipids are a diverse group of organic compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. They are composed primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms and are essential for various biological functions. Lipids can be broadly defined as hydrophobic or amphiphilic small molecules, with some lipids capable of forming structures like vesicles, liposomes, or membranes in an aqueous environment due to their amphiphilic nature.

Classification

Sources

Properties

Sources

Carbohydrates are organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. They are the most abundant class of biomolecules and serve as a major source of energy for living organisms.

Functions

Classification

There are elements that are more predominant than others when we are talking about living beings, this being Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen, also known as the primary bioelements; and when we are talking about the human body they comprise around 96% of it. There also are secondary and trace elements, which are present in our body at lower numbers, still all of them are important for the functioning of a being.

Within biology, there are some aspects related to chemistry, for this, we shall remember that chemistry describes what we are made of to the most fundamental level, the atom, and as we know there are a great variety of different atoms depending on the element; if we are going to study life and its composition then we need to know its functioning to its smallest level, with biogenic elements and biomolecules.

These are the bioelements that have presence of more than96% in our body and are the ones that are part of the main molecules in our body.

Also known as minor biogenic elements, are essential for various biological functions but are found in smaller quantities compared to primary elements.

Trace elements are essential minerals required by the human body in very small amounts, typically less than 0.1% of total body weight and despite their low concentration, they play critical roles in various physiological processes.

Properties

Characteristics

Proteins are large, complex biomolecules made up of long chains of amino acid residues. They play critical roles in various biological processes and are essential for the structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs.

Classification

Functions

Sources

Properties

Characteristics

Nucleic acids are large biomolecules essential for all forms of life, composed of long chains of nucleotides. They serve as the primary carriers of genetic information in cells. The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).

Classification

Functions

Sources

References Biogenic elements. (June 20, 2024). Pcc. Recovered September 10, 2024, from https://www.products.pcc.eu/en/academy/biogenic-elements/ Committee on Diet and Health, Food and Nutrition Board, Commission on Life Sciences, & National Research Council. (1989). Trace Elements. En Diet and Health: Implications for Reducing Chronic Disease Risk. National Academies Press (US). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK218751/ Deamer, D. W. (February 27, 2024). How six elements came together to form life on Earth. OUPblog. Recovered September 10, 2024, from https://blog.oup.com/2019/02/how-six-elements-form-life-earth/ Haurowitz, F., & Koshland, D. E. (September 9, 2024). Protein | Definition, Structure, & Classification. Recovered September 10, 2024, from Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/protein Morales-Brown, P. (May 10, 2024). What you need to know about carbs. Recovered September 10, 2024, from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/161547 Thompson, T. E. (August 17, 2024). Lipid | Definition, Structure, Examples, Functions, Types, & Facts. Encyclopedia Britannica. Recovered September 10, 2024, from https://www.britannica.com/science/lipid