Presentazione Einstein

Cavidad oral y Faringe

Marisol Esmeralda Laureano Valdivia 4-A

Contenido

1. Anatomía

2. Fisiología

3. Anamnesis

4. Exploración física

5. Patologías y/o anomalías

Anatomía

Anatomía

Cavidad oral

• Mucosa oral.
• Labios.
• Lengua.
• Paladar duro y blando.
• Dientes.
• Glándulas salivales.

Anatomía

Lengua

• Agujero ciego.
• Amígdala lingual.
• Papilas calciformes.
• Papilas filiformes.
• Papilas fungiformes.
• Cuerda del tímpano (IX).

Anatomía

Dientes

• Esmalte.
• Dentina.
• Pulpa.
• Cemento.
• Dentición decidua (20).
• Dentición definitiva (32).
• Glándula submaxilar, parótida y sublingual.
• Conducto de Wharton y parotídeo.
• Nervio facial (VII).

Anatomía

Faringe

• Nasofaringe:

-Tompas de Eustaquio. -Adenoides.

• Orofaringe:

-Paladar blando. -Cavidad oral. -Hueso hiodes. -Músculo constrictor superior de la faringe. -Vertebras cervicales.

• Hipofaringe:

-Músculos constrictores de la farínge. -Cartílago cricoides. -Esófago.

Fisiología

Fisiología:

Cavidad oral.

• Incorporación de alimentos.
• Digestión.
• Absorción de alimentos.
• Eliminación de desechos.
• Detección de sabores.

Fisiología:

Faringe

• Deglutoria
• Respitoria
• Fonatoria.
• Inmunológica.

Anamnesis

Cuestionario:

Cavidad oral

• Dolor
• Ulceración
• Hemorragia
• Masas.
• Halitosis (mal aliento).
• Xerostomía (boca seca).

General:

¿Cuándo fue la última vez que visitó al dentista?

¿Ha notado alguna molestia o alguna herida o bulto en los labios o en la boca que no llega a curarse?

¿Ha notado que le sangran las encías?

Cuestionario:

cavidad oral

Dolor: ¿Dónde, cuándo , empeora o mejora? Describame el dolor Ulceración : ¿Ha tenido alguna lesión similar en el pasado? ¿Dónde, cuándo? Hemorragia: ¿Tiene inflamación? ¿Esta tomando algún medicamento?

Masas:¿Tiene exceso de salivación? ¿Tiene dificultad para tragar y/o comer? Hialitosis y xerostomía: ¿Percibe algún olor en su aliento? ¿Tiene sensación de boca seca?

Cuestionario:

Faringe

Obstrucción nasal: ¿Tiene algún tipo de alergia? ¿Ha sufrido un traumatismo en la zona? Dolor : ¿Hay presencia de algun cuerpo extraño? ¿Le duelen los oídos? ¿Tiene dolor al comer? Disfagia: ¿Qué alimentos le cuesta ingerir? Al pasar alimentos, ¿tiene sensación de atascamiento?

Hipoacusia:¿Presenta algún líquido o sustancia acuosa dentro del oído? Ronquidos: ¿Suele roncar por las noches o al dormir?

Exploración física

Cavidad oral

Exploración Física:

• Labios.
• Mucosa oral.
• Encías.
• Dientes.
• Lengua.
• Suelo de la boca.
• Paladar duro y blando.
• Glandulas salivales.
• XII par craneal.

Faringe

Exploración Física:

• Inspección:
• Faringe.
• Amígdalas
• Pared posterior de la faringe.
• Reflejo nauseoso.

Patología y/o anomalías

Cavidad oral

Sindrome de Rendu osier weber

Sindrome de Peutz-Jeghers

Liquen plano

Mucocele

HVS-1

Cavidad oral

Manchas de Fordyce

Hipertrofia gingival

Torus palatino

Angioqueratoma

Leucoplasia de encía

Cavidad oral

Ranula

Paladar hendido

Petequias

Lipoma

Candidiasis

Lengua

Glositis

Lengua negra vellosa

Lengua geográfica

Lengua escrotal

Bibliografía

• Swartz, M. H. (2010). Tratado de Semiologia (Anamnesis y Exploracion) (sexta edicion). Elsevier.
• Farauzorl. (2020). Faringe. http://www.farauzorl.org.ar/Libroalumno/faringe.pdf

Faringe

Pseudomembranas de difteria

Mononucleosis infecciosa

Hipertrofia paratoridea

Eritroplasia de paladar

Amigdalas hipertroficas

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