Presentazione Einstein

Cavidad oral y Faringe

Marisol Esmeralda Laureano Valdivia 4-A

3. Anamnesis

Contenido

1. Anatomía

2. Fisiología

4. Exploración física

5. Patologías y/o anomalías

Anatomía

• Mucosa oral.
• Labios.
• Lengua.
• Paladar duro y blando.
• Dientes.
• Glándulas salivales.

Cavidad oral

Anatomía

• Agujero ciego.
• Amígdala lingual.
• Papilas calciformes.
• Papilas filiformes.
• Papilas fungiformes.
• Cuerda del tímpano (IX).

Lengua

Anatomía

• Esmalte.
• Dentina.
• Pulpa.
• Cemento.
• Dentición decidua (20).
• Dentición definitiva (32).
• Glándula submaxilar, parótida y sublingual.
• Conducto de Wharton y parotídeo.
• Nervio facial (VII).

Dientes

Anatomía

Faringe

Anatomía

• Nasofaringe:

-Tompas de Eustaquio. -Adenoides.

• Orofaringe:

-Paladar blando. -Cavidad oral. -Hueso hiodes. -Músculo constrictor superior de la faringe. -Vertebras cervicales.

• Hipofaringe:

-Músculos constrictores de la farínge. -Cartílago cricoides. -Esófago.

Fisiología

Cavidad oral.

• Incorporación de alimentos.
• Digestión.
• Absorción de alimentos.
• Eliminación de desechos.
• Detección de sabores.

Fisiología:

Faringe

• Deglutoria
• Respitoria
• Fonatoria.
• Inmunológica.

Fisiología:

Anamnesis

Cavidad oral

¿Ha notado que le sangran las encías?

¿Ha notado alguna molestia o alguna herida o bulto en los labios o en la boca que no llega a curarse?

¿Cuándo fue la última vez que visitó al dentista?

Cuestionario:

• Dolor
• Ulceración
• Hemorragia
• Masas.
• Halitosis (mal aliento).
• Xerostomía (boca seca).

General:

cavidad oral

Cuestionario:

Dolor: ¿Dónde, cuándo , empeora o mejora? Describame el dolorUlceración : ¿Ha tenido alguna lesión similar en el pasado? ¿Dónde, cuándo? Hemorragia: ¿Tiene inflamación? ¿Esta tomando algún medicamento?

Masas:¿Tiene exceso de salivación?¿Tiene dificultad para tragar y/o comer? Hialitosis y xerostomía:¿Percibe algún olor en su aliento?¿Tiene sensación de boca seca?

Faringe

Cuestionario:

Obstrucción nasal: ¿Tiene algún tipo de alergia? ¿Ha sufrido un traumatismo en la zona?Dolor : ¿Hay presencia de algun cuerpo extraño? ¿Le duelen los oídos? ¿Tiene dolor al comer?Disfagia: ¿Qué alimentos le cuesta ingerir? Al pasar alimentos, ¿tiene sensación de atascamiento?

Hipoacusia:¿Presenta algún líquido o sustancia acuosa dentro del oído?Ronquidos:¿Suele roncar por las noches o al dormir?

Exploración física

Cavidad oral

Exploración Física:

• Labios.
• Mucosa oral.
• Encías.
• Dientes.
• Lengua.
• Suelo de la boca.
• Paladar duro y blando.
• Glandulas salivales.
• XII par craneal.

Faringe

Exploración Física:

• Inspección:
• Faringe.
• Amígdalas
• Pared posterior de la faringe.
• Reflejo nauseoso.

Patología y/o anomalías

Cavidad oral

HVS-1

Sindrome de Rendu osier weber

Mucocele

Sindrome de Peutz-Jeghers

Liquen plano

Cavidad oral

Leucoplasia de encía

Torus palatino

Angioqueratoma

Manchas de Fordyce

Hipertrofia gingival

Cavidad oral

Lipoma

Candidiasis

Petequias

Ranula

Paladar hendido

Lengua

Lengua geográfica

Lengua negra vellosa

Lengua escrotal

Glositis

Bibliografía

• Swartz, M. H. (2010). Tratado de Semiologia (Anamnesis y Exploracion) (sexta edicion). Elsevier.
• Farauzorl. (2020). Faringe. http://www.farauzorl.org.ar/Libroalumno/faringe.pdf

Faringe

Eritroplasia de paladar

Hipertrofia paratoridea

Amigdalas hipertroficas

Mononucleosis infecciosa

Pseudomembranas de difteria

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