How viruses infect

How does viruses cause infections?

Dr. José Luis Pablo Rodríguez

Unsuccessfull

Failed infection (abortive infection)

Successfull

Cell death (lytic infection)

Replication without cell death but with immortalization of the cell

There are five potential outcomes of a viral infection

Failed Infection (Abortive Infection)

Virus enters a cell but cannot complete its replication cycle. Absence of essential cellular machinery, the presence of antiviral responses, or mutations within the virus itself.

Lytic Infection (Cell Death)

The virus replicates rapidly within the host cell, often taking over the cell’s machinery to produce large quantities of new virions. Leads to cell damage and death as the cell’s resources are depleted The virus may produce proteins that disrupt cellular processes, degrade host DNA, or block the synthesis of cellular macromolecules, leading to cell lysis (bursting) and death

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Persistent Infection (Replication Without Cell Death)

Immortalizing infection

HPV

Recurrent infection

HSV

Latent Infection

HSV

Chronic infection

HCV

Host-Virus Interactions

Permissive Cells .

Non-Permisive Cells

Semi-Permisive Cells

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