Timeline the Industrial Revolutions

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Industrial Revolutions TIMELINE

the preindustrial era, the First Industrial Revolution, and the Second Industrial Revolution

1.Pre-Industrial Era (Before 1700)

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5. Second Industrial Revolution (1879-1950)

4. Second Industrial Revolution (1870-1879)

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3.First Industrial Revolution (1792-1870)

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2.First Industrial Revolution (1700-1793)

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Stockton and Darlington Railway (1825)Context: England.Description: First public railway, designed by George Stephenson.Impact: Drastically improved the transport of goods and people, shortening distances and fostering trade and urban expansion.Electric Telegraph (1837)Context: United Kingdom and U.S.Description: Samuel Morse develops a system of long-distance communication using electric signals.Impact: Transformed communication, allowing near-instantaneous transmission of information, crucial for business and news.

Invention of the Printing Press (1440)Context: Europe, 15th century.Description: Johannes Gutenberg invents the movable-type printing press.Impact: Facilitated the spread of knowledge, increased literacy rates, and accelerated the Scientific Revolution. It was key in the religious Reformation and the Renaissance.Wind and Water Mills (10th Century)Context: Medieval Europe.Description: Development of mills that harness wind and water energy.Impact: Mechanized agricultural tasks like grain milling and water pumping, freeing up labor for other tasks.

Magnetic Compass (11th Century)

• Context: Introduced to Europe from China.
• Description: Compass used for maritime navigation.
• Impact: Transformed exploration and trade, facilitating the Age of Discovery and European colonial expansion.

Foot-Powered Loom (13th Century)

• Context: Europe.
• Description: Introduction of the foot-powered loom, increasing efficiency in textile production.
• Impact: Improved textile production, laying the groundwork for future industrial manufacturing.

Mechanical Clock (14th Century)

• Context: Europe.
• Description: Early mechanical clocks improved timekeeping.
• Impact: Facilitated social and labor organization in growing cities and monastic life.

USpinning Jenny (1764)Context: England.Description: James Hargreaves invents a machine that mechanizes spinning.Impact: Increased textile production, reduced costs, and stimulated the growth of the textile industry.James Watt's Steam Engine (1769)Context: United Kingdom.Description: Improved steam engine design made it more efficient.Impact: Revolutionized transportation and industry, leading to the development of railroads and factories. It accelerated the mechanization of production.

Cotton Gin (1793)

• Context: United States.
• Description: Eli Whitney invents a machine that separates cotton seeds from the fiber.
• Impact: Sped up textile production and strengthened the Southern U.S. economy but also perpetuated slavery.

Commercial Electricity (1879)Context: United States.Description: Thomas Edison establishes the first power station in New York City.Impact: Introduced widespread electrification, drastically changing industries and daily life with electric lighting and automation.Internal Combustion Engine (1876)Context: Germany.Description: Nikolaus Otto develops the first efficient internal combustion engine.Impact: Revolutionized transportation with cars and airplanes, driving the growth of the automotive and fossil fuel industries.

Todos, F. P. (s. f.). La revolución industrial (1760-1840). https://www.finanzasparatodos.es/gepeese/es/inicio/laEconomiaEn/laHistoria/revolucion_industrial.html Pursuit of History. (2023b, enero 3). What was the Industrial Revolution? [Vídeo]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xpb9XKmRsywDe Catalunya, U. O. (s. f.). UOC - Oikonomics - Revoluciones industriales: un concepto espurio - Eduard Aibar. https://oikonomics.uoc.edu/divulgacio/oikonomics/es/numero12/dossier/eaibar.html#:~:text=El%20t%C3%A9rmino%20revoluci%C3%B3n%20industrial%20se,periodo%201760-1840%2C%20aproximadamente.Metalmecánica, R. A. (2024, 11 enero). La Segunda Revolución industrial: transformación y avances tecnológicos. AMG MetalMecánica. https://www.amgmetalmecanica.com/la-segunda-revolucion-industrial/#:~:text=La%20Segunda%20Revoluci%C3%B3n%20Industrial%2C%20que,introdujeron%20nuevas%20fuentes%20de%20energ%C3%ADa.

Advances in Aviation (1903)Context: United States.Description: The Wright brothers achieve the first powered, controlled flight.Impact: Ushered in the age of aviation, transforming global transportation, trade, and warfare.First Assembly Line (1913)Context: United States.Description: Henry Ford implements the first assembly line in automobile manufacturing.Impact: Drastically reduced production costs and consumer prices, making products more accessible to the masses.

Discovery of Penicillin (1928) Context: United Kingdom .Description: Alexander Fleming discovers the first antibiotic. Impact: Revolutionized medicine, saving millions of lives and transforming the treatment of bacterial infections.