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Edidiong Ekpo
Created on August 31, 2024
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Transcript
Fertilization Occurs in the Ampulla of the Ovidcut/Fallopian Tube
Implantation Happens on ~ Day 6, the trophoblast penetrates the endometrium
Teratogen Exposure Developing fetuses are most vulnerable to teratogenic effects starting at week 3 and continuing until week 8
Embryonic Period Starting week 4, a lot of major organ development begins. Neural tube closes, heart begins beating, limbs start to form
Fetal Period Starting week 8, fetal period begins. The developing fetus begins to move
Sexual Recognition Starting week 10, sexual characteristics of the developing fetus are recognizable via ultrasound
Phase 0 of Parturition: Uterine muscle tranquility, cervical rigidity. Myometrial cell hyperplasia, hypertrophy, unresponsiveness, limited availability of uterotonins, limited contractile signals. Progesterone activity
Phase 1 of Parturition: Gradual increase in uterine responsiveness, functional withdrawl of progesterone, increases in cortisol,
Phase 2 of Parturition: Labor onset, increased uterotonin production, and gap junction formation. Spontaneous uterus contractions, progressive cervical dilations, expulsion of fetus
Phase 3 of Parturition: Placental expulsion, uterine involution, milk letdown caused by Oxcytocin. Restoration of fertility based on duration of breastfeeding. Longer breastfeeding = slower restoration of fertility
Embryonic Stage (3-7 weeks post conception) Begins around week 3, Lung bud arises from foregut and the trachea and esophagus separate
Pseudoglandular stage (5-17 weeks) Tracheo-bronchial tree forms, airway branching. Lymphatics, cilia, goblet cell differntiation
Canalicular stage (17-28 weeks) Alveolar type I and II cells differentiate, Lamellar bodies form (early surfactant)
Saccular stage (29-35 weeks) Distal air spaces branch and grow, Surfactant formation escalates, Fetal lung fluid and fetal breathing
Alveolar stage (36 weeks – ~8 years) Alveolar septal walls thin out b. Alveolar surface area increases