ECOSYSTEMS AND ENERGY FLOW

ECOSYSTMES AND RELATIONSHIP BETEWEEN LIVING THINGS

ECOSYSTEMS

Relationship between living things

Foodchains and foodwebs

Nutrition in ecosystems

Ecosystem

10

Proyect

Adaptation

Types of ecsystem

Interrelationships

Physical environment

Organisms

INDEX

An ecosystem consists of all the organisms living in one place, as well as the physical environment they live in and the interrelationships among the living things and the environment.

ECOSYSTEMS

COMPONENTS OF AN ECOSYSTEM

They are all the living things in the ecosystems; they can be plants, animals, algae, fungi, bacteria… Every ecosystem has a particular FAUNA (animals) and FLORA (plants)

ORGANISMS

Organism

Population

Biosphere

Species

Comunity

ORGANISMS IN AN ECOSYSTEM

made up of the non-living components. It includes non living things and factors that affect living things.

ABIOTIC FACTORS

- NON-LIVING THINGS: rock, sand, water, air...- FACTORS: temperature, humidity, light, water currents, wind, climate, type of soil, salt content in the water...

INTRoduCCIÓN AQUÍ

There are different types of ecosystems depending on the physical elements they have.

TYPES OF ECOSYSTEMS

Usually, a combination of factors determine which living things can survive in a particular place. The components of an ecosystem are in a very delicate balance with each other. This balance can be easyly affected by changes such as an increase in temperature or the presence of new species.

INTERRELATIONSHIPS IN ECOSYSTEMS

There were no bees?

hummans chopped a lot of trees in a forest?

all fishes in a sea dissapeared?

The temperature of the poles increased 2ºC?

What would happen if...?

Species cand adapt to the habitat they live in; adaptation allows living things to survive in a particular environment.

ADAPTATION

Rainforest plants ahve adapted to low light

Snakes have adapted to get food.

Lions have adapted to the savanah.

Camels have adapted to the hot and sandy dessert.

Polar bears have adaptet to the cold temperatures.

Cactus have adapted to the desert.

How have they adapted to their envirnoment?

ECOLOGICAL NICHE

the term “niche” describes the role an organism plays in a community. A species’ niche encompasses both the physical and environmental conditions it requires (like temperature or terrain) and the interactions it has with other species (like predation or competition).

We can classify living things depending on how they obtain food.

NUTRITION IN ECOSYSTEMS ENERGY FLOW

- Primary consumers feed on producers (herbibores) - Secondary consumers feed on primary consumers (carnivores) - Tertiary consumer feed from secondary consumers (carnivores)

DECOMPOSERS: They are microorganisms and fungi that break down dead animal and plant materials. They decompose them into minerals, which return to the soil and are used by producers.

CONSUMERS: They obtain their food from other living thigs. All animals are consumers.

SCAVENGERS: They feed on the remains of dead animals.

PRODUCERS: They make their own food from non-living elements. Plants and algae are producers.

TYPES OF LIVING THINGS DEPENDING ON NUTRITION

They show how living things feed form other living things in an ecosystem. Food webs are formed by different food chains joined together and interconnected. The arrows on a food chain and food webs always go from the food to the living thing that consume that food.

FOOD CHAINS AND FOOD WEBS

LABEL THE FOOD CHAIN

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DECOMPOSER

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SCAVENGER

TERTIARY CONSUMER

SECONDARY CONSUMER

PRIMARY CONSUMER

PRODUCER

FOOD WEBS

Living things in an ecosystem interact with each other in may different ways. Living things can benefit or suffer from those interactions.

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN LIVING THINGS

COMPETITION

PARASITISM

COMENSALISM

MUTUALISM

It is the relationship between two species that have the same needs and compete for the same resources; neither benefits.

It is a relationship between species in which one benefits (parasite) and the other suffers.

It is a relationship between species in which one benefit and the other remains unaffected.

It is a relationship between species in which both of them benefits.

RELATIONSHIPS IN ECOSYSTEMS

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