TOPIC 1 SUMMARY

SUMMARY

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LATIN NAME

All organisms are identified by a two-word Latin name; many also have one to numerous common names. Biologists recognized the need for worldwide uniformity in naming and classifying organisms.

Species plantarum

Linnaeus compiled a comprehensive list of all known Latin phrase names for plants according to their genera in Species plantarum, published in 1753.

The second part of a binomial, the specific epiphet, is followed by the name of the author, usually in abbreviated form. Subcategories (e.g., subspecies, suborder) are sometimes used in classification.

The abbreviated binomial, plus the authority for it, eventually replaced the phrase nameThis method of naming plants became known as the Binomial System of Nomenclature.

Theophratus

• Theophratus first classified plants in the 4th century B.C.
• Monocots and dicots were distinguished in the 13th century; herbalists later added many plants to Theophratus's original list.
• Descriptive Latin phrase names were used for all organisms by the 18th century.