Plant Cells and parts

Plant Cells

An Interactive Exploration

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All forms of life are made up of a basic unit called cells. In this lesson, we’ll focus on the cells that make up plants.

6 Kingdoms of Life

Select the plants in the diagram.

Whether it’s a tree, a vegetable plant, or a cactus, all plants have cells that work together to help the plant grow, absorb sunlight, produce food, and support the overall structure of the plant.

Plant cellsunder a microscope

Select one of the plant cells.

Within a cell, there are many tiny parts, each playing a crucial role in keeping the cell functioning properly. Let’s build a model of a plant cell to better understand these parts.

Build Model of a Plant Cell

Plant cellunder a microscope

First up, we need a cell wall. The cell wall provides structure and protection, helping the plant stand tall.

AddCell Wall

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

Hover over the label to learn more.

AddCell Membrane

Next, let’s add the cell membrane. It sits just inside the cell wall and controls what enters and exits the cell, allowing nutrients in, keeping harmful substances out, and maintaining the balance needed for the cell to survive.

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

Hover over the label to learn more.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

Hover over the labels to learn more.

cell wall

AddCytoplasm

Next, let’s add the cytoplasm—the jelly-like substance that fills the cell and holds everything in place.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

Hover over the labels to learn more.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

Hover over the labels to learn more.

AddNucleus

Now it's time to add the organelles—specialized structures within the cell that perform specific functions. Let's start with the nucleus, the control center of the cell, which houses the DNA and directs all the cell’s activities.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

Hover over the labels to learn more.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

Hover over the labels to learn more.

AddChloroplasts

Next, let’s add the chloroplasts. Chloroplasts use energy from sunlight to make glucose, a type of sugar, through the process of photosynthesis.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

Hover over the labels to learn more.

nucleus

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

chloroplast

Chloroplasts are organelles where photosynthesis occurs, converting sunlight into glucose, a sugar that provides energy for the plant.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

Hover over the labels to learn more.

AddMitochondria

Next, let’s add the mitochondria.Mitochondria, known as the powerhouses of the cell, convert glucose made in chloroplasts into ATP, the energy the cell needs to function.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

chloroplast

Chloroplasts are organelles where photosynthesis occurs, converting sunlight into glucose, a sugar that provides energy for the plant.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

Hover over the labels to learn more.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

chloroplast

Chloroplasts are organelles where photosynthesis occurs, converting sunlight into glucose, a sugar that provides energy for the plant.

mitochondrion

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is made. They use glucose (produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis) to create ATP, the energy the cell uses to do its work.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

Hover over the labels to learn more.

chloroplast

AddVacuole

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

chloroplast

Chloroplasts are organelles where photosynthesis occurs, converting sunlight into glucose, a sugar that provides energy for the plant.

mitochondrion

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is made. They use glucose (produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis) to create ATP, the energy the cell uses to do its work.

Now, let’s add the vacuole.The vacuole is the storage tank of the cell, holding water, nutrients, and waste. In plant cells, it helps keep the cell firm.

Hover over the labels to learn more.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

vacuole

The vacuole is an organelle that acts as the storage tank of the cell, holding water, nutrients, and waste. In plant cells, it also helps keep the cell firm.

ribosome

The protein builders of the cell, making proteins that the cell needs to function.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

chloroplast

Chloroplasts are organelles where photosynthesis occurs, converting sunlight into glucose, a sugar that provides energy for the plant.

mitochondrion

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is made. They use glucose (produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis) to create ATP, the energy the cell uses to do its work.

Hover over the labels to learn more.

AddRibosomes

Now, let’s add the ribosomes.Ribosomes are tiny factories in the cell that follow instructions from the cell’s DNA to build proteins, which are essential for the cell to function and stay healthy.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

vacuole

The vacuole is an organelle that acts as the storage tank of the cell, holding water, nutrients, and waste. In plant cells, it also helps keep the cell firm.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

chloroplast

Chloroplasts are organelles where photosynthesis occurs, converting sunlight into glucose, a sugar that provides energy for the plant.

mitochondrion

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is made. They use glucose (produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis) to create ATP, the energy the cell uses to do its work.

Hover over the labels to learn more.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

vacuole

The vacuole is an organelle that acts as the storage tank of the cell, holding water, nutrients, and waste. In plant cells, it also helps keep the cell firm.

ribosome

Ribosomes are the organelles that build proteins, producing the proteins the cell needs to function.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

chloroplast

Chloroplasts are organelles where photosynthesis occurs, converting sunlight into glucose, a sugar that provides energy for the plant.

mitochondrion

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is made. They use glucose (produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis) to create ATP, the energy the cell uses to do its work.

Hover over the labels to learn more.

Next, let’s add the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the plant cell.After ribosomes build proteins, the ER helps fold and prepare them for their specific jobs within the cell.

AddEndoplasmicReticulum

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

vacuole

The vacuole is an organelle that acts as the storage tank of the cell, holding water, nutrients, and waste. In plant cells, it also helps keep the cell firm.

ribosome

Ribosomes are the organelles that build proteins, producing the proteins the cell needs to function.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

chloroplast

Chloroplasts are organelles where photosynthesis occurs, converting sunlight into glucose, a sugar that provides energy for the plant.

mitochondrion

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is made. They use glucose (produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis) to create ATP, the energy the cell uses to do its work.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

Hover over the labels to learn more.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

vacuole

The vacuole is an organelle that acts as the storage tank of the cell, holding water, nutrients, and waste. In plant cells, it also helps keep the cell firm.

endoplasmic reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that helps transport materials within the cell. It folds and gets proteins ready for their specific jobs in the cell and also produces important lipids.

ribosome

Ribosomes are the organelles that build proteins, producing the proteins the cell needs to function.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

chloroplast

Chloroplasts are organelles where photosynthesis occurs, converting sunlight into glucose, a sugar that provides energy for the plant.

mitochondrion

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is made. They use glucose (produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis) to create ATP, the energy the cell uses to do its work.

Hover over the labels to learn more.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

AddGolgi Apparatus

Now, let’s add the Golgi apparatus. The Golgi apparatus is like the cell’s post office—it packages and ships proteins and lipids to where they need to go, either inside or outside the cell.

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

mitochondrion

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is made. They use glucose (produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis) to create ATP, the energy the cell uses to do its work.

chloroplast

Chloroplasts are organelles where photosynthesis occurs, converting sunlight into glucose, a sugar that provides energy for the plant.

ribosome

Ribosomes are the organelles that build proteins, producing the proteins the cell needs to function.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

endoplasmic reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that helps transport materials within the cell. It folds and gets proteins ready for their specific jobs in the cell and also produces important lipids.

vacuole

The vacuole is an organelle that acts as the storage tank of the cell, holding water, nutrients, and waste. In plant cells, it also helps keep the cell firm.

Hover over the labels to learn more.

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

Golgi apparatus

The Golgi apparatus is the packaging center of the cell—it sorts and packages proteins and other materials to send them where they’re needed.

mitochondrion

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is made. They use glucose (produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis) to create ATP, the energy the cell uses to do its work.

chloroplast

Chloroplasts are organelles where photosynthesis occurs, converting sunlight into glucose, a sugar that provides energy for the plant.

ribosome

Ribosomes are the organelles that build proteins, producing the proteins the cell needs to function.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

endoplasmic reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that helps transport materials within the cell. It folds and gets proteins ready for their specific jobs in the cell and also produces important lipids.

vacuole

The vacuole is an organelle that acts as the storage tank of the cell, holding water, nutrients, and waste. In plant cells, it also helps keep the cell firm.

Hover over the labels to learn more.

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

Golgi apparatus

The Golgi apparatus is the packaging center of the cell—it sorts and packages proteins and other materials to send them where they’re needed.

mitochondrion

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is made. They use glucose (produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis) to create ATP, the energy the cell uses to do its work.

chloroplast

Where photosynthesis happens—this is where sunlight is turned into glucose, a type of sugar that provides energy for the plant.

ribosome

Ribosomes are the organelles that build proteins, producing the proteins the cell needs to function.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

endoplasmic reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that helps transport materials within the cell. It folds and gets proteins ready for their specific jobs in the cell and also produces important lipids.

vacuole

The vacuole is an organelle that acts as the storage tank of the cell, holding water, nutrients, and waste. In plant cells, it also helps keep the cell firm.

Great job on building the plant cell model! Now, let's go over what you've learned.

Review Question 1 of 10

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

Golgi apparatus

The Golgi apparatus is the packaging center of the cell—it sorts and packages proteins and other materials to send them where they’re needed.

mitochondrion

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is made. They use glucose (produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis) to create ATP, the energy the cell uses to do its work.

chloroplast

Where photosynthesis happens—this is where sunlight is turned into glucose, a type of sugar that provides energy for the plant.

ribosome

Ribosomes are the organelles that build proteins, producing the proteins the cell needs to function.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

endoplasmic reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that helps transport materials within the cell. It folds and gets proteins ready for their specific jobs in the cell and also produces important lipids.

vacuole

The vacuole is an organelle that acts as the storage tank of the cell, holding water, nutrients, and waste. In plant cells, it also helps keep the cell firm.

Review Question 2 of 10

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

Golgi apparatus

The Golgi apparatus is the packaging center of the cell—it sorts and packages proteins and other materials to send them where they’re needed.

mitochondrion

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is made. They use glucose (produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis) to create ATP, the energy the cell uses to do its work.

chloroplast

Where photosynthesis happens—this is where sunlight is turned into glucose, a type of sugar that provides energy for the plant.

ribosome

Ribosomes are the organelles that build proteins, producing the proteins the cell needs to function.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

endoplasmic reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that helps transport materials within the cell. It folds and gets proteins ready for their specific jobs in the cell and also produces important lipids.

vacuole

The vacuole is an organelle that acts as the storage tank of the cell, holding water, nutrients, and waste. In plant cells, it also helps keep the cell firm.

Review Question 3 of 10

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

Golgi apparatus

The Golgi apparatus is the packaging center of the cell—it sorts and packages proteins and other materials to send them where they’re needed.

mitochondrion

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is made. They use glucose (produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis) to create ATP, the energy the cell uses to do its work.

chloroplast

Where photosynthesis happens—this is where sunlight is turned into glucose, a type of sugar that provides energy for the plant.

ribosome

Ribosomes are the organelles that build proteins, producing the proteins the cell needs to function.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

endoplasmic reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that helps transport materials within the cell. It folds and gets proteins ready for their specific jobs in the cell and also produces important lipids.

vacuole

The vacuole is an organelle that acts as the storage tank of the cell, holding water, nutrients, and waste. In plant cells, it also helps keep the cell firm.

Review Question 4 of 10

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

Golgi apparatus

The Golgi apparatus is the packaging center of the cell—it sorts and packages proteins and other materials to send them where they’re needed.

mitochondrion

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is made. They use glucose (produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis) to create ATP, the energy the cell uses to do its work.

chloroplast

Where photosynthesis happens—this is where sunlight is turned into glucose, a type of sugar that provides energy for the plant.

ribosome

Ribosomes are the organelles that build proteins, producing the proteins the cell needs to function.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

endoplasmic reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that helps transport materials within the cell. It folds and gets proteins ready for their specific jobs in the cell and also produces important lipids.

vacuole

The vacuole is an organelle that acts as the storage tank of the cell, holding water, nutrients, and waste. In plant cells, it also helps keep the cell firm.

Review Question 5 of 10

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

Golgi apparatus

The Golgi apparatus is the packaging center of the cell—it sorts and packages proteins and other materials to send them where they’re needed.

mitochondrion

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is made. They use glucose (produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis) to create ATP, the energy the cell uses to do its work.

chloroplast

Where photosynthesis happens—this is where sunlight is turned into glucose, a type of sugar that provides energy for the plant.

ribosome

Ribosomes are the organelles that build proteins, producing the proteins the cell needs to function.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

endoplasmic reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that helps transport materials within the cell. It folds and gets proteins ready for their specific jobs in the cell and also produces important lipids.

vacuole

The vacuole is an organelle that acts as the storage tank of the cell, holding water, nutrients, and waste. In plant cells, it also helps keep the cell firm.

Review Question 6 of 10

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

Golgi apparatus

The Golgi apparatus is the packaging center of the cell—it sorts and packages proteins and other materials to send them where they’re needed.

mitochondrion

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is made. They use glucose (produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis) to create ATP, the energy the cell uses to do its work.

chloroplast

Where photosynthesis happens—this is where sunlight is turned into glucose, a type of sugar that provides energy for the plant.

ribosome

Ribosomes are the organelles that build proteins, producing the proteins the cell needs to function.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

endoplasmic reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that helps transport materials within the cell. It folds and gets proteins ready for their specific jobs in the cell and also produces important lipids.

vacuole

The vacuole is an organelle that acts as the storage tank of the cell, holding water, nutrients, and waste. In plant cells, it also helps keep the cell firm.

Review Question 7 of 10

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

Golgi apparatus

The Golgi apparatus is the packaging center of the cell—it sorts and packages proteins and other materials to send them where they’re needed.

mitochondrion

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is made. They use glucose (produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis) to create ATP, the energy the cell uses to do its work.

chloroplast

Where photosynthesis happens—this is where sunlight is turned into glucose, a type of sugar that provides energy for the plant.

ribosome

Ribosomes are the organelles that build proteins, producing the proteins the cell needs to function.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

endoplasmic reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that helps transport materials within the cell. It folds and gets proteins ready for their specific jobs in the cell and also produces important lipids.

vacuole

The vacuole is an organelle that acts as the storage tank of the cell, holding water, nutrients, and waste. In plant cells, it also helps keep the cell firm.

Review Question 8 of 10

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

Golgi apparatus

The Golgi apparatus is the packaging center of the cell—it sorts and packages proteins and other materials to send them where they’re needed.

mitochondrion

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is made. They use glucose (produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis) to create ATP, the energy the cell uses to do its work.

chloroplast

Where photosynthesis happens—this is where sunlight is turned into glucose, a type of sugar that provides energy for the plant.

ribosome

Ribosomes are the organelles that build proteins, producing the proteins the cell needs to function.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

endoplasmic reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that helps transport materials within the cell. It folds and gets proteins ready for their specific jobs in the cell and also produces important lipids.

vacuole

The vacuole is an organelle that acts as the storage tank of the cell, holding water, nutrients, and waste. In plant cells, it also helps keep the cell firm.

Review Question 9 of 10

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

Golgi apparatus

The Golgi apparatus is the packaging center of the cell—it sorts and packages proteins and other materials to send them where they’re needed.

mitochondrion

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is made. They use glucose (produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis) to create ATP, the energy the cell uses to do its work.

chloroplast

Where photosynthesis happens—this is where sunlight is turned into glucose, a type of sugar that provides energy for the plant.

ribosome

Ribosomes are the organelles that build proteins, producing the proteins the cell needs to function.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

endoplasmic reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that helps transport materials within the cell. It folds and gets proteins ready for their specific jobs in the cell and also produces important lipids.

vacuole

The vacuole is an organelle that acts as the storage tank of the cell, holding water, nutrients, and waste. In plant cells, it also helps keep the cell firm.

Review Question 10 of 10

cell wall

Provides structural support and protection to the cell. It’s a rigid outer layer that gives the cell its shape.

cell membrane

Acts as a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place.

Golgi apparatus

The Golgi apparatus is the packaging center of the cell—it sorts and packages proteins and other materials to send them where they’re needed.

mitochondrion

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is made. They use glucose (produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis) to create ATP, the energy the cell uses to do its work.

chloroplast

Where photosynthesis happens—this is where sunlight is turned into glucose, a type of sugar that provides energy for the plant.

ribosome

Ribosomes are the organelles that build proteins, producing the proteins the cell needs to function.

nucleus

The nucleus is the organelle that serves as the cell's control center, where important decisions are made. It houses the cell’s DNA.

vacuole

The vacuole is an organelle that acts as the storage tank of the cell, holding water, nutrients, and waste. In plant cells, it also helps keep the cell firm.

Great job learning about plant cells! Each part plays a vital role in keeping the cell—and the whole plant—alive and healthy. By working together, these parts help the plant grow, produce energy, and stay strong.

endoplasmic reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that helps transport materials within the cell. It folds and gets proteins ready for their specific jobs in the cell and also produces important lipids.