1e - AMC - Fake News Thématique 1 : Savoirs, création, innovation - Axe 1 : Production et circulation des savoirs Thématique 2 : Représentations - Axe 2 : Informer et s’informer To what extent can we trust the information we consume online?
Culture
Pragmatique
- Compréhension des enjeux démocratiques liés à la désinformation
- Les modes de diffusion des informations et des savoirs à travers différents médias, avant et après l’ère numérique
- Étude de cas réels : campagnes politiques et deepfakes
- Histoire de canulars et rumeurs avant Internet
- Présenter oralement un document
- Débattre et argumenter sur la fiabilité des informations
- Réfléchir aux transformations induites par les technologies dans la création et la diffusion de contenus
Phonétique/prosodique
Lexique
- Vocabulaire de l’information et des médias
- Expressions pour donner un avis, nuancer, convaincre
- Expressions de description d’image
Grammaire
- Discours direct et indirect
- Formulation de conseils
- Phrasal verbs
Evaluations
- Evaluations intermédiaires:
- Grammaire + Vocabulaire
- CO: Fake news
- EE: Entraînement dossier documentaire
- Evaluation finale: EOC - Debunk fake news
Supports et outils
- Anticipation: 2024 Presidential debate + The Kiffness - Eating the Cats ft. Donald Trump
- CO: Fake news (and how to stop it)
- CE: Classic all-time hoaxes
- CO: Truth or Fake- How to investigate the images you see online
- Iconographiques: fake news awareness posters
- CE: The future of pizza delivery
- CO: How AI and deepfakes are changing politics | BBC News
- Site: https://www.getbadnews.com/en/intro
- Quiz: Fake News or True Story?
1e AMC - U1 - Fake News @AliceLefebvre
In 1619, the first slaves were brought to the USA. In 1705, all slaves were considered property, they were not allowed to bear guns or move abroad without permission. Masters were allowed to kill slaves as punishment.In 1740, black people could not protest and learn to read or write.In 1776, the Declaration of Independence was adopted. In 1865, the thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution abolished slavery. In the 1830s/1940s, Frederick Douglass and Harriett Tubman escaped slavery and became anti‐slavery activists. In 1896, African Americans were considered "separate but equal". "Jim Crow" laws created segregation in the Southern States. In 1955, Rosa Parks opposed segregation on the buses in Alabama. In 1963, Martin Luther King delivered the "I Have a Dream" speech. In 1964, it was the end of segregation. In 2009, Barack Obama was elected the first African American president.
Comment parler d'un document iconographique?
1. Présente les éléments clés et les situer sur l'image/les uns par rapport aux autres
under
next to
between
in front of
in
behind
above
on
at the top
in the top left-hand corner
in the top right-hand corner
There is (+ singulier) There are (+ pluriel)
in the foreground
on the right
in the middle
on the left
in the background
in the bottom left-hand corner
in the bottom right-hand corner
at the bottom
2. Concentre toi sur...
... les personnages
... les mots
@AliceLefebvre
(description physique / langage corporel / attitude / émotions / mouvements...)
(que peux-tu dire du titre? de la phrase d'accroche?. Des autres mots?..)
is catchy because... is striking because... is attractive because... is appealing because... is memorable because... is noteworthy because... encapsulates the ideas of.... gives an insight into.... achieves a particular effect...
looks... (avoir l'air) looks at/up/down... (regarder) looks like... (ressembler à) is wearing... is standing/sitting...
he she
the poster
his/her facial expression suggests... his/her body language suggests...
... les couleurs
... les symboles
the main symbols are... this element represents / symbolizes / is a reference to / echoes is in correlation with...
the dominant colors are... there is a combination of (warm and cold) colors... there is a contrast in the colors... the colors draw the attention because...
... la typographie et le ton
looks formal looks modern looks handwritten
looks stylish looks geometric
formal informal optimistic pessimistic
humoristic aggressive serious curious
the typography
the tone is
capital letters bold
a larger size a smaller size
.... is written in
3. Donne ton opinion (les techniques employées sont-elles efficaces?)
As I see it...
From my point of view...
is... (inspiring / relaxing / romantic / stimulating / inventive / poetic / breathtaking...) is... ugly / terrible / depressing / scary / aggressive / strange / boring...) makes me feel... inspires the viewer to think about... probably criticises/raises awareness about/denounces...
Frankly speaking...
As far as I can tell...
the poster
In my opinion...
I believe...
conveys the impression that... raises the issue of... achieves a particular effect because... is (little/very/extremely) effective because...
I would say...
I think...
THEMATIQUE : REPRESENTATIONS Axe 2 : Informer et s’informer -> Fake news
1. Write a commentary (300 words) on documents A, B and C, using the following guidelines: Taking into account their specificities, analyse how the documents deal with the theme of
representations.
Document A: How to avoid being fooled by fake news and false information? FRI, 20 NOV, 2020 - JANE MCGARRIGLE https://www.irishexaminer.com/lifestyle/people/arid-40075418.html There are a number of things to watch out for when evaluating content online and to avoid
falling prey to fake news or hoax stories. 1. Check the source Check the source of the story, do you recognise the website? Is it a credible/reliable source? If
you are unfamiliar with the site, look in the about section or find out more information about
the author, date, time, URL. 2. Look beyond the headline Check the entire article. To grab attention, false information often uses sensationalist or
shocking clickbait headlines – sometimes written in all caps and using exclamation points.
False information can also contain incorrect dates or altered timelines. It is also a good idea to
2
check when the article was published, is it current or an old news story? It’s also a good idea
to see if the information is attributed to an author, or if quotes are attributed to real people or
unnamed sources. 3. Check other sources Probably the most reliable way to ‘fact-check’ information is to cross-reference it with other
sources. Ask yourself whether other reputable news/media outlets are reporting on the story.
Check whether there are any sources in the story. If so, check that they are reliable or if they
even exist! Try to find the earliest and most local source for the story. 4. Is it fact or opinion? The language used in the piece might help you identify whether something is written as fact
(something that is proven to be true) or opinion (someone’s personal belief). For example
factual statements might include words such as “The annual report confirms... Scientists have
recently discovered... According to the results of the tests... The investigation
demonstrated...” Whereas opinion pieces might use statements such as “He claimed that... It
is the officer’s view that... Many scientists suspect that... I believe...” or could pose
questions such as “Could this really be possible ...?”. Remember, you are entitled to your
own opinion but not your own facts. 5. Check your biases Are your own views or beliefs affecting your judgement of a news feature or report? We are
even more likely to accept or ignore things depending on whether or not they support what we
already believe. 6. Is it a joke? Satirical sites are popular online and sometimes it is not always clear whether a story is just a
joke or parody... Check the website, is it known for satire or creating funny stories or is the
social media account marked as a ‘parody’ account? 7. Slow down Lots of false information is designed to appeal to our emotions and prompt a quick reaction
that can be widely shared on social media. Before sharing something online, slow down, look
at the language used, it is sensational or divisive? 8. Don’t trust information on the basis of how it looks Images and video can be easily altered and manipulated online. Take your time before sharing
and check other sources. For pictures, you can do a reverse search for images at TinEye
(www.tineye.com) or Google Reverse Image Search (www.images.google. com). This will
tell you where else the picture has appeared, and also show you similar pictures (which is a
good way to find out if it has been photoshopped).
9. Check a fact-checking site Sites like Snopes: www.snopes.com; PolitiFact: politifact.com; Fact Check: factcheck.org
can be a great shortcut to find out if a story has already been debunked – or if a too-good-to-
be true story really was true after all. Then before you believe it or share it: Check your own
instincts – does it seem likely to be true, is it accurate and helpful? 10. Be Media Smart Always try to STOP, THINK, CHECK that what you are seeing, reading or hearing is
accurate and reliable. For more advice and tips to help you judge whether information is
accurate and reliable visit bemediasmart.ie.
Document B: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/fake-news Fake news - noun
False news stories, often of a sensational nature, created to be widely shared or distributed for the purpose of generating revenue, or promoting or discrediting a public figure, political movement, company, etc.: It’s impossible to avoid clickbait and fake news on social media.
A parody that presents current events or other news topics for humorous effect in an obviously satirical imitation of journalism : The website publishes fake news that is hilarious and surprisingly insightful.
Sometimes Facetious. (used as a conversational tactic to dispute or discredit information that is perceived as hostile or unflattering) : The senator insisted that recent polls forecasting an election loss were just fake news.
Document C:
@MH.Fasquel
1e - AMC - U1 - Fake news - worksheets
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1e - AMC - Fake News Thématique 1 : Savoirs, création, innovation - Axe 1 : Production et circulation des savoirs Thématique 2 : Représentations - Axe 2 : Informer et s’informer To what extent can we trust the information we consume online?
Culture
Pragmatique
Phonétique/prosodique
Lexique
Grammaire
Evaluations
Supports et outils
1e AMC - U1 - Fake News @AliceLefebvre
In 1619, the first slaves were brought to the USA. In 1705, all slaves were considered property, they were not allowed to bear guns or move abroad without permission. Masters were allowed to kill slaves as punishment.In 1740, black people could not protest and learn to read or write.In 1776, the Declaration of Independence was adopted. In 1865, the thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution abolished slavery. In the 1830s/1940s, Frederick Douglass and Harriett Tubman escaped slavery and became anti‐slavery activists. In 1896, African Americans were considered "separate but equal". "Jim Crow" laws created segregation in the Southern States. In 1955, Rosa Parks opposed segregation on the buses in Alabama. In 1963, Martin Luther King delivered the "I Have a Dream" speech. In 1964, it was the end of segregation. In 2009, Barack Obama was elected the first African American president.
Comment parler d'un document iconographique?
1. Présente les éléments clés et les situer sur l'image/les uns par rapport aux autres
under
next to
between
in front of
in
behind
above
on
at the top
in the top left-hand corner
in the top right-hand corner
There is (+ singulier) There are (+ pluriel)
in the foreground
on the right
in the middle
on the left
in the background
in the bottom left-hand corner
in the bottom right-hand corner
at the bottom
2. Concentre toi sur...
... les personnages
... les mots
@AliceLefebvre
(description physique / langage corporel / attitude / émotions / mouvements...)
(que peux-tu dire du titre? de la phrase d'accroche?. Des autres mots?..)
is catchy because... is striking because... is attractive because... is appealing because... is memorable because... is noteworthy because... encapsulates the ideas of.... gives an insight into.... achieves a particular effect...
looks... (avoir l'air) looks at/up/down... (regarder) looks like... (ressembler à) is wearing... is standing/sitting...
he she
the poster
his/her facial expression suggests... his/her body language suggests...
... les couleurs
... les symboles
the main symbols are... this element represents / symbolizes / is a reference to / echoes is in correlation with...
the dominant colors are... there is a combination of (warm and cold) colors... there is a contrast in the colors... the colors draw the attention because...
... la typographie et le ton
looks formal looks modern looks handwritten
looks stylish looks geometric
formal informal optimistic pessimistic
humoristic aggressive serious curious
the typography
the tone is
capital letters bold
a larger size a smaller size
.... is written in
3. Donne ton opinion (les techniques employées sont-elles efficaces?)
As I see it...
From my point of view...
is... (inspiring / relaxing / romantic / stimulating / inventive / poetic / breathtaking...) is... ugly / terrible / depressing / scary / aggressive / strange / boring...) makes me feel... inspires the viewer to think about... probably criticises/raises awareness about/denounces...
Frankly speaking...
As far as I can tell...
the poster
In my opinion...
I believe...
conveys the impression that... raises the issue of... achieves a particular effect because... is (little/very/extremely) effective because...
I would say...
I think...
THEMATIQUE : REPRESENTATIONS Axe 2 : Informer et s’informer -> Fake news
1. Write a commentary (300 words) on documents A, B and C, using the following guidelines: Taking into account their specificities, analyse how the documents deal with the theme of representations.
Document A: How to avoid being fooled by fake news and false information? FRI, 20 NOV, 2020 - JANE MCGARRIGLE https://www.irishexaminer.com/lifestyle/people/arid-40075418.html There are a number of things to watch out for when evaluating content online and to avoid falling prey to fake news or hoax stories. 1. Check the source Check the source of the story, do you recognise the website? Is it a credible/reliable source? If you are unfamiliar with the site, look in the about section or find out more information about the author, date, time, URL. 2. Look beyond the headline Check the entire article. To grab attention, false information often uses sensationalist or shocking clickbait headlines – sometimes written in all caps and using exclamation points. False information can also contain incorrect dates or altered timelines. It is also a good idea to 2 check when the article was published, is it current or an old news story? It’s also a good idea to see if the information is attributed to an author, or if quotes are attributed to real people or unnamed sources. 3. Check other sources Probably the most reliable way to ‘fact-check’ information is to cross-reference it with other sources. Ask yourself whether other reputable news/media outlets are reporting on the story. Check whether there are any sources in the story. If so, check that they are reliable or if they even exist! Try to find the earliest and most local source for the story. 4. Is it fact or opinion? The language used in the piece might help you identify whether something is written as fact (something that is proven to be true) or opinion (someone’s personal belief). For example factual statements might include words such as “The annual report confirms... Scientists have recently discovered... According to the results of the tests... The investigation demonstrated...” Whereas opinion pieces might use statements such as “He claimed that... It is the officer’s view that... Many scientists suspect that... I believe...” or could pose questions such as “Could this really be possible ...?”. Remember, you are entitled to your own opinion but not your own facts. 5. Check your biases Are your own views or beliefs affecting your judgement of a news feature or report? We are even more likely to accept or ignore things depending on whether or not they support what we already believe. 6. Is it a joke? Satirical sites are popular online and sometimes it is not always clear whether a story is just a joke or parody... Check the website, is it known for satire or creating funny stories or is the social media account marked as a ‘parody’ account? 7. Slow down Lots of false information is designed to appeal to our emotions and prompt a quick reaction that can be widely shared on social media. Before sharing something online, slow down, look at the language used, it is sensational or divisive? 8. Don’t trust information on the basis of how it looks Images and video can be easily altered and manipulated online. Take your time before sharing and check other sources. For pictures, you can do a reverse search for images at TinEye (www.tineye.com) or Google Reverse Image Search (www.images.google. com). This will tell you where else the picture has appeared, and also show you similar pictures (which is a good way to find out if it has been photoshopped).
9. Check a fact-checking site Sites like Snopes: www.snopes.com; PolitiFact: politifact.com; Fact Check: factcheck.org can be a great shortcut to find out if a story has already been debunked – or if a too-good-to- be true story really was true after all. Then before you believe it or share it: Check your own instincts – does it seem likely to be true, is it accurate and helpful? 10. Be Media Smart Always try to STOP, THINK, CHECK that what you are seeing, reading or hearing is accurate and reliable. For more advice and tips to help you judge whether information is accurate and reliable visit bemediasmart.ie.
Document B: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/fake-news Fake news - noun False news stories, often of a sensational nature, created to be widely shared or distributed for the purpose of generating revenue, or promoting or discrediting a public figure, political movement, company, etc.: It’s impossible to avoid clickbait and fake news on social media. A parody that presents current events or other news topics for humorous effect in an obviously satirical imitation of journalism : The website publishes fake news that is hilarious and surprisingly insightful. Sometimes Facetious. (used as a conversational tactic to dispute or discredit information that is perceived as hostile or unflattering) : The senator insisted that recent polls forecasting an election loss were just fake news.
Document C:
@MH.Fasquel