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Transcript

Today's Lesson

retreat, citadel, rumor, zigzag

expositoryconnections

Vocabulary

Reading

passive voicesingular or plural

past participles

Grammar

Word Work

Discoveries

Level 6 Unit 9 Lesson 2

Decide toInvestigate.Search throughConcealed details.ObserveValuable Evidence.Realise change.

Word Work

Past Participlesform of a verb used for passive structures

Past Participlesirregular verbs have many different endingsYou just have to memorise the past participles.

The equation was taught by the teacher.

Past Participles

catch - caughtsay - saidfind - foundbring - broughtteach - taught

30

Past Participlesmany people memorise the infinitive, past and past participle together:break, broke, broken

Past Participles

Vocabulary

retreat - move back, withdraw, leave

The couple retreated from the approaching aliens.

citadel - a small city built on high ground for protection

The people retreated to the citadel when the enemy started to attack.

rumor - something people say without knowing if it is true

The girls told rumors about all of the people in their class.

zigzag - move back and forth in the shape of a Z.

The people left a zigzag pattern as they walked through the snow.

A small city where people go for protectionA statement that might not be trueRun away to escape from somethingA pattern that looks like a Z

rumour

citadel

retreat

Matching

zigzag

Practice Conditionals

  1. What would you do if you heard a rumor?
  2. Why would you run in a zigzag pattern?
  3. What would be difficult if you lived in a citadel?

Choose

If you encountered a bear, would you retreat or would you collapse in horror?

Reading

Prereading

High at the top of the Andes mountains, near a city called Cusco in Peru, is an amazing ancient citadel called Machu Picchu. This citadel was built by the Incan people, who were early settlers in Peru, sometime around the year 1420. The city was inhabited for over a hundred years and was used as a royal estate and a place to retreat from attacking invaders.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat.

Alpacas are common animals in Peru.

Archaeologists estimate that 750 people lived in Machu Picchu and have found buildings built of dry stone to honor the sun. They have also found animal fossils, which show that alpacas and guinea pigs were raised in the citadel. There is also evidence that crops such as maize, corn, and potatoes were farmed.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat.

Machu Picchu is visited by many people every year.

Machu Picchu was discovered by a history professor named Hiram Bingham III on July 24, 1911. Bingham was in Peru looking for lost ancient cities. He was using maps made by previous explorers as well as listening to the rumors that the local people told him. Many people told him that there were ruins along the Urubamba River, so he followed the river and climbed to the top of the mountain, where he found the magnificent site.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat.

Nowadays, Machu Picchu is a Cultural and Natural World Heritage Site and many tourists visit every year. Visitors have the option of hiking to the top of the mountain, or taking a train through the valley and then a bus that zigzags up to the top of the mountain. Though the trip is long and difficult, the view from the top is one of a kind.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat.

Describe

  1. What is Machu Picchu?
  2. Who built Machu Picchu?
  3. When was Machu Picchu built?
  4. Where was Machu Picchu built?
  5. Why was Machu Picchu built?

Connect

Grammar

Passive Voiceformed with the verb 'to be' and the past participleThe ball is kicked by the boy.

Passive Voice tells what happened to the object of a sentenceThe ball is kicked by the boy.

The large towels are brought to the beach by the family.

Plural

are
are
are
are
are
is
is
is
is
is
  1. The lessons taught by the teacher every day.
  2. The toy brought to the beach every year.
  3. The ball caught by the catcher every game.
  4. The words said before every meal.
  5. Sometimes the earrings found on the floor.

'is' or 'are'

Food is needed in order to survive.

Needs

Wrap Up

Debate

How are rumors harmful?

Extension

Write a paragraph that tells when and where the person was born. Include some details about their life as a child.

You are going to write a biography about someone who discovered something.

Readingexpositoryconnections

Word Workpast participles

Grammarpassive voicesingular or plural

Vocabularyretreat, citadel, rumor, zigzag

Poemsynonyms

Goodbye!