Dover Castle

Dover Castle

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The Romans came to Britain in the 1st century and wanted to control it. The king of the Iceni tribe Prasutagus, tried to make peace with the Romans but when he died, the Romans took their land and treated the Iceni badly. They hurt Boudicca and her daughters. This made Boudicca very angry and she decided to fight back. She gathered other tribes to join her. She became the leader of a big army. They attacked Roman towns. One of the towns was Colchester, the main Roman town in Britain. The Iceni and their friends destroyed it. They also attacked London and St Albans. Many people were scared of Boudicca and her army. Boudicca was a tall woman with long red hair. She rode a chariot with her daughters beside her. She was very brave and strong. Many people admired her bravery. The Romans eventually defeated Boudicca's army. Some stories say Boudicca took poison to avoid being captured by the Romans. Other stories say she fell ill and died. Today, Boudicca is remembered as a symbol of courage and freedom. There is a statue of her in London near the Houses of Parliament. She stands proudly on her chariot with her daughters by her side. She remains an important part of British history.

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ENGLAND

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Symbols of England

Main cities

Genaral facts about England.

Famous landmarks

Outstanding English people

Sport

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The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960, comprising John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. They are regarded as the most influential band of all time[1] and were integral to the development of 1960s counterculture and the recognition of popular music as an art form.

The Rolling Stones are an English rock band formed in London in 1962. Active across seven decades, they are one of the most popular and enduring bands of the rock era. In the early 1960s, the band pioneered the gritty, rhythmically driven sound that came to define hard rock.

Queen is the English rock band known for their distinctive sound and live performances. The group was formed in 1970. Later, Freddie Mercury joined the team, who came up with the name of the group.

The English flag is the red St George's Cross centred on a white background. St George is the patron saint of England and St George's Day is celebrated on 23 April.

The national flower of England is the rose. The flower has been adopted as England's emblem since the time of the Wars of the Roses - civil wars (1455-1485) between the royal house of Lancaster (whose emblem was a red rose) and the royal house of York (whose emblem was a white rose). The Tudor rose, which combined both, came to symbolise peace between the houses.

The Barbary lion is an unofficial national animal of England. Lions are frequently depicted in English heraldry. The lion is used as a symbol of English sporting teams, such as the England national cricket team.

The English oak is the national tree of England, representing strength and endurance.

William Shakespeare (1564-1616) was an English poet, playwright, and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the “Bard of Avon”. He wrote 37 plays among them Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, King Lear, Macbeth.

Charles Dickens (1812-1870) is regarded as the greatest novelist of the Victorian era. Although his books are often very funny, they show many of the difficulties of living in his time. The most famous books are Oliver Twist, A Cristmas Carol, Great Expectations, David Copperfield

Agatha Christie (1890-1976) was an English writer known for her 66 detective novels and 14 short story collections, particularly those revolving around fictional detectives Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple.

Joanne Rowling (born in 1965), known by her pen name J. K. Rowling, is a British author and philanthropist. She is the author of Harry Potter, a seven-volume fantasy novel series published from 1997 to 2007.

England is home to many sports like cricket, rugby, boxing, football, darts, badminton, table tennis, squash and even baseball

Cricket is regarded as the English national sport. It is more than 300 years old.

The most popular sport in England football. Exactly in England the first modern set of rules for the code were established in 1863. With over 40,000 association football clubs, England has more clubs than any other country. England hosts the world's first club, Sheffield F.C. England is the home of the most watched football league in the whole world, the Premier League.

William Hogarth (1697–1764) is one of the most influential artists in Britain who is well known for his unique combination of comedy, narrative, and social satire. His two most famous works are “A Harlot’s Progress,” a sequence of paintings that illustrates the fall of a young lady named Moll Hackabout, and “The Rake’s Progress,” which tells the cautionary tale of a young man’s moral breakdown.

Joshua Reynolds (1723-1792) was a a successful London portrait painter. He was a founder and first president of the Royal Academy of Arts.

Thomas Gainsborough (1727-1788) was an English portrait and landscape painter, draughtsman, and printmaker.

Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775-1851), was an English Romantic painter, printmaker and watercolourist. He is known for his expressive colouring, imaginative landscapes and turbulent, often violent marine paintings.

John Constable 1776-1837) was an English landscape painter in the Romantic tradition.

Stonehenge is a circular group of huge stone blocks in southern England. It is located near the city of Salisbury in the county of Wiltshire. People built Stonehenge in stages between 5,000 and 3,500 years ago. No one knows for sure why Stonehenge was built. Some people think it was a place of religious worship, others suppose it was a calendar.

Hadrian's Wall is a huge wall that stretches right across the North of England, named after Emperor Hadrian. It was constructed in 122AD. The Romans built it to separate Roman land in Britain from Scotland and defend it from the attacking Scottish tribes. It took about 15,000 soldiers around 14 years to build the whole wall from stone and earth. The wall is 73 miles long, 3 meters wide, and between 3.5 and 6 meters high! There were 16 forts along the total length of Hadrian's Wall. Each was home to approx. 600 soldiers. Today we can only see about 10% of the original wall, over the years the other stones were removed or destroyed.

England is the largest country in the United Kingdom (UK). It's area is 130 279 км². The population is around 57 million people.England is bordered by Scotland to the north and Wales to the West.

There is only a 34 kilometre gap between England and France and the countries are connected by the Channel Tunnel

England is devided into 48 counties. The largest ones are North Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, Cumbria, Devon and Northumberland

Liverpool is the fifth largest city in the United Kingdom with a population of 496,770 people. It is one of the country's largest ports and is considered to be a pioneer in the development of modern dock technology, transport systems and port management. Liverpool is also the home for the Beatles a famous band of the 20th century.

Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1726/27) was an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, and author who was described in his time as a natural philosopher.

Joseph Priestley (1733-1804) was a political theorist, English chemist, naturalist, and physical scientist He is known for his independent discovery of oxygen and nine other gases

Michael Faraday (1791-1867) was an English chemist and physicist who greatly contributed to the understanding of electromagnetism.

Charles Darwin (1809-1882) was an English naturalist, geologist, and biologist, widely known for his contributions to evolutionary biology.

• There are lots of different landscapes in England, including forests and moorland.
• England also has a very long coastline.
• England includes many small islands such as the Isle of Wight and Hayling Island.

• The longest river in the United Kingdom is the River Severn. Located in England and Wales, it stretches around 354 kilometres (220 miles) in length. The longest river found entirely in England is the River Thames, it flows through London and is slightly shorter than the River Severn at around 346 kilometres (215 miles) in length.
• The largest lake in England is named Windermere.
• The highest mountain in England is Scafell Pike, It's found in Cumbria and is around 978 metres (3,209 ft) in height.

Manchester is one of the largest and most important cities in the north ofEngland with the population of about 560,000 people. It is famous for being the first industrialised city in the world. It was the UK's leading producer of cotton and textiles. Manchester was responsible for the country's first ever working canal in 1761 and the world's first ever railway line in 1830.

Birmingham is the second-largest city in Britain with a population of 1.145 million people. It is one of England's principal industrial and commercial areas. It was the first manufacturing town in the world and earned the nickname “the city of 1,001 different trades.” The first ever working Steam Engine was produced there.

A full English breakfast typically includes bacon, sausages, eggs, black pudding, baked beans, tomatoes, mushrooms, toast, and a beverage such as coffee or tea.

Roast beef is a national dish of England. It is one of the meats often served at Sunday lunch or dinner. Yorkshire pudding is a standard side dish.

Fish and chips has been a recognisable cultural and culinary symbol of England since the mid-19th century. It is very popular takeaway meal, consisting of of battered and deep-fried fish, usually cod or haddock, and french fries.

Tea Time, also known as "Afternoon Tea" or "Five o'clock Tea", is a tradition that comes straight from England and consists of getting together with family or friends for tea and a few delicacies to taste. It is a rather friendly brunch that usually takes place in the afternoon, around 3:30 and 5:00 PM.

Leeds is a city in West Yorkshire, England with a population of 536,280 people. It is the largest settlement in Yorkshire and the administrative centre of the City of Leeds Metropolitan Borough, which is the second most populous district in the United Kingdom. Leeds is the birthplace of carbonated water, the oldest railway, it is the home of Cluedo and the first-ever moving picture.

London is the capital and largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of about 9 million people.

England is the largest country in the United Kingdom (UK). It's area is 130 279 км². The population is around 57 million people.England is bordered by Scotland to the north and Wales to the West.

There is only a 34 kilometre gap between England and France and the countries are connected by the Channel Tunnel

England is devided into 48 counties. The largest ones are North Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, Cumbria, Devon and Northumberland