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Dewislen(Menu)
5. Linc y cwis y treigladau - Mutations quiz link
4. Adolygu'r treigladau - Revision of the mutations

Jump to: Tasgau ar y treiglad llaes

Jump to: Tasgau ar y treiglad trwynol

Jump to: Tasgau ar y treiglad meddal

2. Treiglad Trwynol – Nasal mutation

1. Treiglad Meddal – Soft mutation

3. Treiglad Llaes – Aspirate mutation

There are 3 mutations in the Welsh language.

Treiglad/Mutations

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Nesaf

The soft mutation is the most common. There are lots of words that trigger the soft mutation to occur. This mutation makes the words sound softer. Example: Welsh is good = Mae Cymraeg yn (da) ‘da’ changes to ‘dda’ after ‘yn’ Mae Cymraeg yn dda

    1. Treiglad MeddalSoft mutation

    Examples: Gwyntog = windy Mae hi’n wyntog – It’s windy Adjectives mutate after ‘yn’ Tal = tall Dwi’n dal – I’m tall Adjectives mutate after ‘yn’ Pêl-droed = football Es i i bêl-droed – I went to football Taith = journey Dwi’n mynd ar daith – I’m going on a journey

    G > / B > F D > Dd

    Ll > L M > F Rh > R

    Nesaf

    C > G P > B T > D

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    Which letters change?

    Dd

    G > B > D >

    Ll > M > Rh>

    C > P > T >

    Matsio

    Nesaf

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    Atebion

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    Nesaf

    1. Nouns after ‘dy’ (your)2. Ei (his)3. The feminine singular noun a. after ‘y’ the feminine singular noun mutates. b. an adjective that follows a feminine singular noun mutates4. Any adjective after ‘yn’5. After a preposition: Am, ar, at, dan, dros, drwy, gan, heb, hyd, i, o, wrthPreposition i.e. a word governing, and usually preceding, a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation to another word or element in the clause, as in ‘the man on the platform’, ‘she arrived after dinner’, ‘what did you do it for ?’.

    When does it happen? The main 5

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    Nesaf

    Nesaf

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    C > ?
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    M > ?
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    T > ?
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    P > ?
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    T > ?
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    B > ?
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    T > ?
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    Ll > ?
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    M > ?
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    C > ?
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    T > ?
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    brydferth
    Gymru

    Atebion

    fis

    Nesaf

    wych
    Lyn Ebwy
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    Beth yw'r atebion?

    1. Dwi'n mynd i __________.2. Mae ysgol yn __________. 3. Am ______ es i i Sbaen. 4. Hoffwn i chwarae rygbi dros ________.5. Yn fy marn i mae Beyonce yn ____________.

    After:

    1. y/’r if a feminine singular word follows e.g. y ferch, y gath
    2. ‘n/yn if an adjective/age/time follows e.g. yn dda, mae e’n bedair oed, mae hi’n ddeg o’r gloch
    3. Yn if an adjective follows e.g. yn dal
    4. Verbs after dylwn/gallwn/hoffwn e.g. hoffwn i weithio…
    5. A command e.g. defnyddiwch bensil, darllena lyfr
    6. Un if a feminine singular noun follows e.g. un ferch, un wers
    7. Dau/dwy e.g. dau fachgen/dwy ferch
    8. Am, ar, at, dan, dros, drwy, gan, heb, hyd, i, o, wrth
    There are many more!

      When does the change happen?

      Nesaf

      Dewislen

      Nesaf

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      The nasal mutation changes the letters so that the word sounds more ‘nasal.’

        2. Treiglad TrwynolNasal mutation

        Nesaf

        Dewislen
        Yn will also change (if referring to a place): yng Ngh ym M yng Ng
        C > Ngh G > NgP > Mh B > MT > Nh D > N

        Which letters change?

        Ng

        Nh

        Mh

        Ngh

        G > B > D >

        Nesaf

        C > P > T >

        Matsio

        Dewislen

        Atebion

        Nesaf

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        This mutation is caused by the word ‘yn’ meaning ‘in’ and the pronoun ‘fy’ (my).

        When does this change happen?

        Nesaf

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        Treiglad Trwynol- Examples

        Yn + Casnewydd = yng Nghasnewydd Yn + Pontypwl = ym Mhontypwl Yn + Trefynwy = yn Nhrefynwy Fy + tad = fy nhad Fy + brawd = fy mrawd Fy + cefnder = fy nghefnder
        C > ?
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        T > ?
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        B > ?
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        B > ?
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        P > ?
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        Nesaf

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        This mutation makes the letter(s) at the start of the word sound harder.

        Treiglad Llaes- Aspirate mutation

        Nesaf

        Dewislen
        C > ChP > Ph T > Th

        Which letters change?

        Nesaf

        Dewislen
        After all the following words: ‘a’ meaning ‘and’ ‘ei’ (feminine, meaning ‘her’) ‘tri’ ‘chwe’ ‘tua’ ‘â’ ‘na’

        When does the change happen?

        Nesaf

        Dewislen

        Aspirate mutation - Examples

        1. Dwi'n hoffi chwarae rygbi a thenis. 2. Dwi ddim yn hoffi rygbi na phêl-droed. 3. Mae hi'n dwlu ar ei chath newydd, Sooty.
        P > ?
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        T > ?
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        C > ?
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        P > ?
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        C > ?
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        C > ?
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        C > ?
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        C > ?
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        T > ?
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        C > ?
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        cath a chi

        ei frawd

        o'r gloch

        am dro

        y gadair

        yng Nghaerdydd

        yng Nglyn Ebwy

        ym Mharc Bryn Bach

        yn wych

        ham a chaws

        Nesaf

        yn fawr

        Treiglad llaes
        Treiglad trwynol
        Treiglad meddal
        Dewislen

        Atebion

        Revising the mutations

        Adolygu'r treigladau

        Llongyfarchiadau!

        Dechrau eto?

        Nesaf

        Rwyt ti wedi gorffen!

        Dewislen

        Aspirate mutation

        Nasal mutation

        Soft mutation

        Now, use these links to try a quiz on the mutation you learnt today.

        Dewislen

        Or test yourself on all the mutations

        1. Lyn Ebwy2. wych 3. fis 4. Gymru5. brydferth

        Atebion

        Answers

        C > G G > / Ll > L P > B B > F M > F T > D D > Dd Rh > R

        Atebion

        Answers

        Treiglad Llaesham a chaws cath a chiTreiglad trwynolyng Nghaerdyddyng Nglyn Ebwyym Mharc Bryn Bach

        Answers

        Atebion

        Treiglad Meddal yn wych am droei frawdo'r glochy gadairyn fawr

        C > Ngh G > NgP > Mh B > MT > Nh D > N

        Atebion

        Answers