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MODALS. ADVICE/OBLIGATION/PROHIBITION
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Created on July 3, 2024
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MODALS: ADVICE, OBLIGATION AND PROHIBITION
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MODAL VERBSModify the meaning of another verb to express ability, obligation, prohibition and to give advice...
CAN, COULD, MAY, MIGHT, OUGHT TO, SHALL, MUST AND SHOULD
- I can drive
- She should study French
- Could you cook dinner yesterday?
- You musn't speak in here.
OBLIGATION. LACK OF OBLIGATION PROHIBITION
MUST. Expresses obligation imposed by the SPEAKER, PERSONAL OBLIGATION
I MUST buy new clothes. Mine look so old! I must visit my grandmother
have to:Expresss obligation imposed someone else(external rules)To express obligation in the past- had to. MUST doesn't have past form
I have to buy new clothes. I'm starting a new job a teacher and we have to wear formal clothes (the obligation is from the school) I have to visit my grandmother (my granny told me to do so)
OBLIGATION and PROHIBITION
MUST. Rules, Laws, Instructions
Students must wear face masks. Passengers must turn off their phones during take off and landing
MUSTN'T. PROHIBITION
You musn't eat or drink on the bus.
DON'T HAVE TO-NO OBLIGATION. Didn't have to-no obligation in the past
You don't have to finish this project until after the holidays**You needn't worry about anything (UK) NEEDN'T =NO OBLIGAtION
OBLIGATION and PROHIBITION
MUST & HAVE TO-STRONG RECOMMENDATIONS and NECESSITY
You have to/must visit the National Museum You must/have to register for the course
COULD VS. WAS/WERE ABLE TO
COULD/COULDN'T to talk about ABILITY in general in the past
Mozart could play the piano well whe he was six
When we want to talk about ABILITY ON A SPECIFIC OCCASION was/were ABLE to or MANAGED TO...
Because we bought the tickets in advance, we were able to buy them quite cheap The mountain was very high, but we managed to climb it
EXPECTATIONS/ADVICE
We use should/ought to+ have+pp when our expectations were not fulfilled or advice was not followed showing regret of something do it
I ought to/should have gone to the doctor, but I didn't