Learning Theories Part 2

‘‘ Learning is more effective when it is active rather than a passive process.’’- Kurt Lewis

The study of learning theories provides educators with necessary information for application during the planning process. Learning theories provide valuable insight into how individuals learn.

Learning Theories

INTERACTIVE POSTER

PART II

Sociocultural Vygotsky actually suggested a mediational nature of learning through five different types of mediation: social, instrumental or tool, semiotic, anatomical, and individual mediation. These learning processes are great examples of what Vygotsky thought sociocultural influences occurred (Arristia-Chisholm, 2020). Memory in this role is based on social interactions within the activities where learning is occurring.

Sociocultural "Socioculturally, activity implies learning, so that learning is not one type of activity among many but integral to all activity" (Castellani, 2023). This learning theory allows us informers and educators to intentionally integrate multiple pieces into the instruction for more social interaction and activity. The major theorist associated with the sociocultural learning theory was Vygotsky. His theories and ideas of learning stem from social interactions and the innate ability to take human interaction as a way to scaffold learning (Arrastia-Chisholm, 2020).

Adult Learning Theory The role of memory in the adult learning theory is that because of your experiences and you ability to identify strengths and weaknesses, you are more equipped to grow and learn for and among side peers, students, and family. Learning should be beneficial and engaging (Allen, 2022), if learning feels like a chore, it is easy to just forget. The adult learning theory respects that there is more to a person than just their experiences. It shares that they are taking the ideas, thoughts, and experiences to identify their own learning pace (Koulaouzides, 2023).

Connectivism The major theorist associated with the connectivism theory is Jean Piaget. The idea of connectivism is branched off of Piaget’s idea that schemas are developed through connections between the real world and the ideas they have (Loveless, 2023). The role of memory according to this theory is that memory isn’t linear. Memory and learning are developmental and progressive but are not contingent on previous experiences to grow and develop (Loveless, 2023c).

Adult Learning Theory The major theorist associated with the adult learning theory was Malcolm Knowles in 1968 (Loveless, 2023). The major characteristic of the adult learning theory is that there is a clear division and understanding that adults learn differently than a child. The main role of memory within this theory is that as adults, you can identify how you learn the best and use the tools necessary to grow and advance in any area of your life (Peters-Burton, 2016).

Connectivism Learning in the connectivism theory occurs “when knowledge is actuated through the process of a learner connecting to and feeding information into a learning community” (Kop & Hill, 2008). The type of learning best explained by the connectivism theory is a simple framework followed by concrete and explicit teaching to allow people to make connections to other people, events, or even themselves (Utecht &Keller, 2018).

References Allen, S. J., Rosch, D. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2022). Advancing Leadership Education and Development: Integrating Adult Learning Theory. Journal of Management Education, 46(2), 252–283. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1177/10525629211008645. Arrastia-Chisholm, M. C., & Tackett, S. (2020). Apps for Behavior Management, Communication, and Learning: Using Sociocultural Theory to Understand Mobile Technology in PK-12 Settings. Peabody Journal of Education, 95(2), 148–159. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1080/0161956X.2020.1745614.

References Castanelli, D. (2023). Sociocultural learning theory and assessment for learning. Medical Education, 57(5), 382–384. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1111/medu.15028. Koulaouzides, G. A. (2023). Generative Knowing: Principles, Methods, and Dispositions of an Emerging Adult Learning Theory. Adult Learner (0790-8040), 132–134. Kop, R., & Hill, A. (2008). Connectivism: Learning Theory of the Future or Vestige of the Past? International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 9(3), 1–13.

References Loveless, B. (2023, April 14). 15 Learning theories in education (a complete summary). Education Corner. https://www.educationcorner.com/learning-theories-in-education/. Loveless, B. (2023, April 14a). How you can handle the most common misbehaviors in the classroom. Education Corner. https://www.educationcorner.com/common-classroom-misbehaviors/.

References Peters-Burton, E. E. (2016). Application of Learning Theory to Curriculum and Instruction Design. School Science & Mathematics, 116(8), 409–410. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1111/ssm.12200.