Steele: Learning Theories Part 2
Karen Steele
Created on June 28, 2024
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Transcript
By: Karen Steele
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Learning Theories:Part 2
Socialcultural
Adult Learning Theory (Andrgogy)
Connectivism
Adult Learning Theory (Andrgogy)
Role of Memory & Learning
Characteristics
Types of Learning
Key Theorist:
- Malcolm Knowles
Characteristics:
Characteristics:Adult learning theory is the study of how adults learn differently from children. It seeks to highlight the unique aspects of adult learning and pinpoint the learning styles that work best for them. It is based on four andragogical concepts and five basic assumptions regarding adult learners. This notion is very relevant to businesses because it is effective for popular training programs like soft skills (O’Neill, 2020).
Role of Memory & Learning: Learning occurs when one is encouraged to reflect and have conversations—whether with oneself, another person, or a group. By adding creative and artistic forms of inquiry to our repertory of instruction, in addition to fostering reflection and dialogue and establishing a connection with the learner's life experiences (Merriam, 2009).
Types of Learning:
- Problem-solving
- Experimental learning
- Self-directed Learning
- Lev Vygotsky
Key Theorist:
Sociocultural Theory
Characteristics
Role of Memory & Learning
Types of Learning
Role of Memory & Learning: In the article, "15 Learning Theories in Education (a Compete Summary)," we learn that ZPD if crucial as it is the difference between what a learner can do independently and with assistance. Children enhance their basic tools through interactions with their sociocultural environment, utilizing whatever resources their society gives. Western cultures, for example, favor note-taking, mind-maps, and mnemonics, whereas other cultures may employ a variety of Memory techniques, such as storytelling (Loveless, 2023). In other words, learning is a collaborative process. In the classroom this is creating mind maps and anchor charts as a class as a scaffold for students. This helps students as learning is occurring through interaction with more knowledgeable students and teachers.
Characteristics: According to the article, "15 Learning Theories in Education (a Compete Summary)," we learn about Zone of Proximal Development or ZPD. The term Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) refers to the region of information that an individual is capable of comprehending but does not yet possess (Loveless, 2022). In the classroom, this can be done when introducing a new math lesson. If students do not have prior knowledge of the concept or strategy that is being taught, then they will not know how to solve the problem. In order for students to learn, they need us as teachers to provide the necessary scaffolding, such as modeling, in order to master the lesson. That guidance is what is considered Zone of Proximal Development.
Types of Learning: The sociocultural approach sees learning as occurring through interaction, negotiation, and collaboration in the solution of authentic problems, with an emphasis on learning by experience and discourse, which is more than cooperative learning (Allman, 2021).
Connectivism
Key Theorist:
- George Siemens
- Stephen Downes
Characteristics
Role of Memory & Learning
Learning Types
Characteristics: Connectivism's inherent characteristic is its encouragement of group dynamics. Working together and having honest conversations enables students to gain insight from other viewpoints, which can improve their ability to make decisions, solve problems, and understand difficult ideas (Kurt, 2023). In the classroom, this is can be seen when allowing students to conduct research using their Chromebooks in a group setting and presenting their findings. This allows students to gain a better understanding of an idea or concept and as a group problem solve while delegating jobs within the group. Encouraging a collaborative and safe environment.
Role of Memory & Learning: In regard to Connectivism, memory is externalized in networks and digital tools such as the internet via their Chromebooks. Making learning non-linear as it is taking place through navigating information networks. In the article, "Connectivism Learning Theory," it mentions to consider the instructor as a coach or mentor, offering resources and direction, and the student as the explorer, forging new connections and finding new routes (Kurt, 2023).
Learning Types :
- Digital Litaracy
- Knowledge Creation Online
- Networked Learning
- Collaboration
- Empowerment
- Diversity