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Learning Theories Part 1 - Alexander Lane
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By: Alex Lane
Learning Theories Part 1
Behaviorism
Cognitivism
References
Constructivism
Major Theorist
The Learning
Behaviorism
Main Page
Characterists and Memory
Cognitivism
Main Page
Major Theorist
Characterists and Memory
The Learning
The Learning
Constructivism
Main Page
Major Theorist
Characterists and Memory
Funk, & Wagnalls. (2018). Behaviorism. Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia. https://eds-p-ebscohost-com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/eds/detail/detail?vid=2&sid=77794267-f0c1-4951-8340-b592b4a5a3c8%40redis&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#AN=be059500&db=funk Nagowah, L., University of Mauritius, & Soulakshmee Nagowah, M. (2009). A Reflection on the Dominant Learning Theories: Behaviourism, Cognitivism and Constructivism. The International Journal of Learning, 16(2). https://eds-p-ebscohost-com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=13&sid=848fc537-bdb5-41a0-a11c-991bc5825a48%40redis Ornstein, A. C., & Hunkins, F. P. (2017). Curriculum (7th ed.). Pearson Education.
Main Page
References
"The principle is that the learners start with a complex problem and work out to discover the basic skills required to solve the problem" (Nagowah et al., 2009). According to Ornstein et al. (2017) memory plays a large part in the learning since students are accessing prior knowledge to solve the current problem.
Characteristics and Memory
According to Ornstein et al. (2017) the main characteristics of Behaviorism are conditioning behaviors and modifiying the learning environment to elicit certain responses from learners.Memory is affected by the idea of conditioning a certain response from the learner. You reward a positive outcome, and then after a while that reward is associated with the outcome.
Characterists and Memory
"They lay emphasis on the active mental processing on the part of the learner. This means that different types of tasks will incur different cognitive processes" (Nagowah et al., 2009). With a focus on information processing, there is a focus on observing memory and how information is stored after being processed.
Characterists and Memory
Cognivists are looking for "insight into the nature of learning, specifically how individuals generate structures of knowledge and how they create or learn reasoning and problem-solving strategies" (Ornstein et al. 2017). The main types of learning are acquisition, transformation, and evaluation (Ornstein et al. 2017).
The Learning
How it occurs and the types of learning.
According to Ornstein et al. (2017) the learning occurs through a principle called stimulus-response. This focus on the learners response to a given stimulus, both good and bad. The main learning types are as follows Signal learning, Stimulus-response, Motor chains, Verbal association, Multiple discriminations, Concepts, Rules, and Problem solving.
The Learning
How it occurs and the types of learning.
According to Ornstein et al. (2017) some of the main theorists who have contributed to the creation of Cognitivism are Maria Montessori and Jean Piaget. There are many other theorists that have contributed to this theory as well.
Major Theorist
According to Ornstein et al. (2017) Lev Vygotsky, Jean Piaget, and John Dewey are the main inspirational forces that led to constructivisim.
Main Theorists
"... the learner is the key player; learners participate in generating meaning or understanding" (Ornstein et al. 2017). This means that the learner plays an active part in pushing themselves into learning a concept. "This method of learning involves cooperative learning, experimentation, open-ended problems and real life scenarios in which the learners discover learning on their own through active involvement with concepts and principles" (Nagowah et al., 2009).
The Learning
How it occurs and the types of learning.
John B. Watson is an American theorist who pioneered the Behaviorist learning theory. He was, "influenced by the pioneering investigations of the Russian physiologist Ivan P. Pavlov and the Russian neuropathologist Vladimir M. Bekhterev (1857–1927) on conditioning of animals" (Funk & Wagnalls, 2018).