Imaging Matrix

Computed Tomography

Digital Breast Tomosynthesis

Planar digital X-Ray

Emily Katalina Quezada Orozco | A01254256 Sofía Karime Álvarez Falcón | A01660984

PET imaging

SPECT imaging

Comparison of ionizing radiation imaging systems

Who discovered/When was the modality invented?

Wilhelm Röntgen discovered X-rays in 1895 while experimenting with cathode rays.He determined that the rays created highly penetrative but invisible radiation that could pass through thick layers of paper and even low-density metals. He used photographic plates to demonstrate that objects were more or less transparent to X-rays depending on their thickness and conducted the first human radiography, using his wife's hand.

Imaging acquisition system

What are the main applications of the modality?

Gastrointestinal SystemAbdominal X-rays: Detects bowel obstructions and kidney stones.Dental Applications Cavities and Gum Disease: Detects dental caries and bone loss.

Skeletal System Fractures and Injuries: Detects bone fractures and joint injuries. Arthritis: Evaluates joint degeneration. Respiratory System Chest X-rays: Diagnoses pneumonia, tuberculosis, COPD, and lung cancer. Cardiovascular System Heart Enlargement: Identifies cardiomegaly. Heart Failure: Monitors lung fluid buildup.

Who discovered/When was the modality invented?

What are the main applications of the modality?

Main Applications:

• Diagnosing cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and assessing internal injuries.
• Planning and guiding biopsies and surgeries.

Applications Beyond Medicine:

• Non-destructive testing in engineering.
• Archaeology (e.g., examining mummies).
• Geology (analyzing rock samples and fossil structures).

Imaging acquisition system

What does a SPECT scan show?

In addition to showing what the structures inside your body look like, a SPECT scan shows how blood flows through your arteries and veins to your organs and tissues. The most common types of SPECT scans include:

• SPECT brain scan.
• SPECT heart scan.
• SPECT bone scan.

Depending on your situation, your provider may do a regular SPECT scan or a SPECT/CT scan. A SPECT/CT scan combines two types of scans (single photon emission computed tomography and computed tomography).

Who discovered/When was the modality invented?

The first PET camera was built for human studies by Edward Hoffman, Michael M. Ter-Pogossian, and Michael E. Phelps in 1973 at Washington University, with DOE and NIH support. Phelps, who is often credited with inventing PET, received the 1998 Enrico Fermi Presidential Award for his work.

DBT

3D Mammography (Digital Breast Tomosynthesis)

With digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT)—also known as 3D mammography—radiologists can view breast images in slices, which essentially allows them to see through tissue layers, making it less likely they’ll miss an early sign of cancer.

DBT vs 2D Mamography

Imaging acquisition system

Advantages and Disadvantages

Applcations

PET imaging

How does a PET scan work?

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a type of nuclear medicine procedure that measures metabolic activity of the cells of body tissues. PET is actually a combination of nuclear medicine and biochemical analysis. Used mostly in patients with brain or heart conditions and cancer, PET helps to visualize the biochemical changes taking place in the body, such as the metabolism (the process by which cells change food into energy after food is digested and absorbed into the blood) of the heart muscle.

Who discovered/When was the modality invented?

PET Basic Principles

Applications

Advantages and limitations

Radiography

Digital Radiography System Explained (step-by-step)

A radiograph is a radiological diagnostic technique where the image is obtained by placing an object between the radiographic image receptor and a source of high-energy ionizing radiation. The denser parts of the object appear with different tones on the grayscale

Who discovered/When was the modality invented?

Imaging acquisition system

Advantages and limitations

Applications

CT

Computed Tomography | CT Scanners

Who discovered/When was the modality invented?

Comparision of CT Generations

Advantages and limitations

Applications

SPECT imaging

SPECT/CT Scan animation

A single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) scan is a type of nuclear medicine imaging test. Nuclear imaging uses radiotracers (radioactive substances) that help healthcare providers get detailed pictures of specific areas in your body.

Who discovered/When was the modality invented?

SPECT Basic Principles

Advantages and limitations

Applications