The Opposites of the oceans
Start
Index
Atlantic Ridge
Mariana Trench
Conclusions
Effects on nature
The Atlantic Ridge
The Atlantic Ridge, as the name indicates, it´s a ridge, which is one of the formations that the action of the tectonic plates can produce, in this case, it only happens underwater, because on land, this becomes a normal mountain range. What makes the Atlantic Ridge so special is that this is the largest mountain range in the world, crossing the entirity of the Atlantic Ocean, having a length of 16,000 kilometres and a width of 800 kilometres. The height of the subaquatic mountains that form it goes from 900 metres to it´s tallest peak, 9,300 metres tall, being 7,000 metres underwater, and the 2,300 left being over the water level and forming one of the nine volcanic Azores Islands. The volcanic factor of these islands isn´t exclusive for them, but it is a property for the entirity of the ridge, as ridges are places where quakes and volcanic eruptions happen frequently. Ridges, because of the volcanic activity, are constantly spitting out materials from their peaks, which have a central hole. The Atlantic Ridge size makes it very relevant for the shape of the Earth itself, as it spits and spreads material around the cliffs of its mountains and to the sea floor, the enormous quantity of these materials end up making new layers of the sea floor, as a result of this, the Atlantic Ridge is making the Atlantic Ocean bigger, and as a result of this, the distance between America and Europe increases a 2-3 centimetres each year.Apart of a natural wonder, this ridge is a force of nature that will keep changing Earth´s shape slowly. Who knows how will Earth look like in thousands of years?
The Mariana Trench
The Mariana Trench (a trench is another formation caused by the tectonic plates, but instead of rising, one of the plates sinks) is undoubtedly the deepest place inside our planet. With a depth of around 11 kilometres, a half-moon form with a length of 2,550 kilometres and a width of 70 kilometres. This is one of the harshest enviorements in our planet, as there is a lack of sunlight, plant life is unexistant, food is rare and, the most dangerous factor of it, the pressure. It´s deepest point is the Challenger abism, which is 11,034 metres deepand the pressure there is almost 1,100 atm (over a thousand times the pressure the Earth´s atmospheres applies to any body on land). As opposed to the Atlantic Ridge, the Mariana Trench´s structure and the type of layer of rocks the outside layer is made of, the trench disables most of the seismic activity around it, apart of that, this big hole in the Pacific Ocean destroys the materials that fall into it, so, instead of creating like the ridge does, the trench destroys and disables the growth of the sea floor in that area. This trench is still surrounded by many mysteries, even when some of our submarines have reached the bottom, it´s still unclear how life forms have appeared all the way from the top to the bottom of the trench: from eels, giant squids, to some of the weirdest animals in our planet that, somehow, made it to survive to the harsh conditions of this enviorement. Oh, I almost forget, a plastic bag also made it to its bottom, as it was found during the exploration of the Challenger abism.
+ images
How these affect nature
These two natural wonders are in oceans divided by the American continent. With the opposite functions they have, the ridge is making the Atlantic Ocean to expand, while the trench is not allowing that to happen in the Pacific Ocean. As a result of this, the Pacific Ocean will become smaller over time while Atlantic will become bigger, and so this will mean that USA will be closer to the asian continent, and to it´s biggest opponent right at this momment, Rusia, while it will be further from its allies. Earth sure wants to see the end of another era, doesn´t it?
Conclusion
We rarely think about oceans and some of the wonders that lie under them, because most of us think they don´t affect us in any way, but these two wonders are a force to reckon with, as they will redesign the continents´ locations over the time. And so this proves that even things underwater can affect us in many ways.It´s been fun investigating about these two formations "deep" further than I had done other times...
THANKS!
Angler Fish
Goblin Shark
Blobfish
Frilled Shark
Deepsea Dragonfish
Snailfish
The Opposites of the Ocean
Álvaro Parra Fernández
Created on June 10, 2024
A short presentation about two formations caused by the tectonic plates, which, in this case, are completely opposite, and how they affect Earth.
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Transcript
The Opposites of the oceans
Start
Index
Atlantic Ridge
Mariana Trench
Conclusions
Effects on nature
The Atlantic Ridge
The Atlantic Ridge, as the name indicates, it´s a ridge, which is one of the formations that the action of the tectonic plates can produce, in this case, it only happens underwater, because on land, this becomes a normal mountain range. What makes the Atlantic Ridge so special is that this is the largest mountain range in the world, crossing the entirity of the Atlantic Ocean, having a length of 16,000 kilometres and a width of 800 kilometres. The height of the subaquatic mountains that form it goes from 900 metres to it´s tallest peak, 9,300 metres tall, being 7,000 metres underwater, and the 2,300 left being over the water level and forming one of the nine volcanic Azores Islands. The volcanic factor of these islands isn´t exclusive for them, but it is a property for the entirity of the ridge, as ridges are places where quakes and volcanic eruptions happen frequently. Ridges, because of the volcanic activity, are constantly spitting out materials from their peaks, which have a central hole. The Atlantic Ridge size makes it very relevant for the shape of the Earth itself, as it spits and spreads material around the cliffs of its mountains and to the sea floor, the enormous quantity of these materials end up making new layers of the sea floor, as a result of this, the Atlantic Ridge is making the Atlantic Ocean bigger, and as a result of this, the distance between America and Europe increases a 2-3 centimetres each year.Apart of a natural wonder, this ridge is a force of nature that will keep changing Earth´s shape slowly. Who knows how will Earth look like in thousands of years?
The Mariana Trench
The Mariana Trench (a trench is another formation caused by the tectonic plates, but instead of rising, one of the plates sinks) is undoubtedly the deepest place inside our planet. With a depth of around 11 kilometres, a half-moon form with a length of 2,550 kilometres and a width of 70 kilometres. This is one of the harshest enviorements in our planet, as there is a lack of sunlight, plant life is unexistant, food is rare and, the most dangerous factor of it, the pressure. It´s deepest point is the Challenger abism, which is 11,034 metres deepand the pressure there is almost 1,100 atm (over a thousand times the pressure the Earth´s atmospheres applies to any body on land). As opposed to the Atlantic Ridge, the Mariana Trench´s structure and the type of layer of rocks the outside layer is made of, the trench disables most of the seismic activity around it, apart of that, this big hole in the Pacific Ocean destroys the materials that fall into it, so, instead of creating like the ridge does, the trench destroys and disables the growth of the sea floor in that area. This trench is still surrounded by many mysteries, even when some of our submarines have reached the bottom, it´s still unclear how life forms have appeared all the way from the top to the bottom of the trench: from eels, giant squids, to some of the weirdest animals in our planet that, somehow, made it to survive to the harsh conditions of this enviorement. Oh, I almost forget, a plastic bag also made it to its bottom, as it was found during the exploration of the Challenger abism.
+ images
How these affect nature
These two natural wonders are in oceans divided by the American continent. With the opposite functions they have, the ridge is making the Atlantic Ocean to expand, while the trench is not allowing that to happen in the Pacific Ocean. As a result of this, the Pacific Ocean will become smaller over time while Atlantic will become bigger, and so this will mean that USA will be closer to the asian continent, and to it´s biggest opponent right at this momment, Rusia, while it will be further from its allies. Earth sure wants to see the end of another era, doesn´t it?
Conclusion
We rarely think about oceans and some of the wonders that lie under them, because most of us think they don´t affect us in any way, but these two wonders are a force to reckon with, as they will redesign the continents´ locations over the time. And so this proves that even things underwater can affect us in many ways.It´s been fun investigating about these two formations "deep" further than I had done other times...
THANKS!
Angler Fish
Goblin Shark
Blobfish
Frilled Shark
Deepsea Dragonfish
Snailfish