Networking and OSI

Computer Network

Networking is the practice of connecting computers to share data and access the internet.

Connecting Devices

Open Systems Interconnection

From physical hardware to data presentation, each layer is vital.

OSI Networking is the way computers exchange information globally.

Digital beings

Abstarcted Layers

Networking

At the bottom we have physical hardware like fiber optic cables. At the top, data is transmitted into your consciousness as pixels or sounds

Networking is the practice of connecting computers to share data and access the internet.

Understanding these layers helps in troubleshooting and improving networks.

Layers of OSI

Layer 7: Application Layer This layer interacts directly with end-users to deliver data. It's the most intuitive layer for everyday computer users. Layer 6: PresentaionLAyer: acts as a translator for data formats. Ensures that bit streams are encoded in standard formats. Layer 5: Session Layer Includes tasks like user authentication and session management. Facilitates the exchange of data between different systems. Layer 4: Transport LAyer The Transport Layer is foundational for data transfer between computers. TCP is a key protocol here, managing data segmentation. Ensures data arrives in the correct order and without errors. Layer3: Network Layer IP addresses are key identifiers for devices on the network. Routers and gateways operate primarily at this layer. Layer 2: Data Link Layer Protocols like Ethernet and Wi-Fi operate at this layer.Responsible for the local transmission of data between devices Layer 1 : Physical LayerThe Physical Layer involves the hardware aspect of networking.Includes cables, switches, and other physical devices.

A router acts as the brain of the network, directing all the traffic.It assigns unique IP addresses to each device on the network. Routers connect to the internet via modems provided by ISPs. They manage data flow, ensuring proper communication between devices.

OSI Purpose

The OSI model simplifies a complex system by dividing it into distinct layers that correspond to different functions performed by networking protocols. This breakdown aids in troubleshooting problems, pinpointing security vulnerabilities, and explaining network-layer attacks.

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Data travels from Layer 1 (Physical) to Layer 7 (Application).A real-world example is accessing a video online. Undergoes multiple translations and transmissions across layers. Each layer plays a crucial role in data delivery.

Recources

• Fireship. "Computer Networking in 100 seconds" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=keeqnciDVOo

• jmerilo, "How computer networks connect and work" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EWTJKcg7Pj8
• Cloud Flare. "What is the OSI Model?" 6/9/24 https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/ddos/glossary/open-systems-interconnection-model-osi/

• Nizhoni Starkovich
• Operating Systems Network Cloud