INDIRECT SPEECH

DIRECT and INDIRECT SPEECH

INDEX

DIrect and Indirect Speech

1. Direct and Indirect Speech

6. Questions:

a.-Wh- Questions

2. Differences

b.- Yes/No Questions

3. Types of sentences

9. Commands

4. Statements

PRACTICE

10. Requests

5. Practice

11. Suggestions

DIRECT & INDIRECT SPEECH

There are two ways of reporting what somebody says: 1.-Direct speech Sarah said, “I’m learning German”. 2.- Indirect (or Reported) speech Sarah said (that) she was learning German.

TYPES OF SENTENCES

Changes are different depending on the type of sentence: Statements Luke said, “I never eat meat.” Questions ”Has the teacher arrived?’ he asked Commands Matt told me, “Wait for me here.” Requests and suggestions Ralph said, “Let’s go to the party.”

DIRECT SPEECH

INDIRECT SPEECH

"‘I liked the film very much,’ she told him. - The exact words spoken must be enclosed in quotation marks: " " - The first word of the speech must begin with a CAPITAL letter. - The words in the quotation marks must be separated from the rest of the sentence by a comma: , - You must use a NEW LINE when a new speaker begins to speak.

She told him that she had liked the film very much. - With indirect speech (also called reported speech) we do not use the exact words of the speaker to give the exact meaning. - We sometimes need to change pronouns, verb tenses and certain complements. - We don’t use quotation marks (“ ”)

vs

STATEMENTS

He said, “I forgot my umbrella”.

Practice

1.- Emily: "Our teacher will go to Edinburgh tomorrow.” 2.- Helen: "I was writing a letter yesterday.” 3.- Robert: "My father flew to Dallas last year.” 4.- Lisa: "Tim went to the stadium an hour ago.” 5.- Patricia: "My mother will celebrate her birthday next weekend." 6.- Michael: "I am going to read a book this week." 7.- Jason and Victoria: "We will do our best in the exams tomorrow." 8.- Alice: "I spent all my pocket money” 9.- Mr Burns: "We didn't eat fish two days ago."

QUESTIONS

There are two main types of QUESTIONS in English: 1.- Yes / No questions ‘Has the teacher arrived?’ he asked 2.- Wh- questions ‘What time has the teacher arrived?’ he asked

WH- QUESTIONS

We use the wh-word in the direct sentence. Ex. ‘What time has the teacher arrived?’ he asked He asked what time the teacher had arrived Structure: S + vb + wh-word + S + vb REPORTING VERBS: ASK, ENQUIRE, WANT TO KNOW, WONDER, REQUEST

Practice

1.- Betty: "When did you come?” 2.- Ronald: "Where does Maria park her car?” 3.- Frank: "How much pocket money does Lisa get?”

Practice

1.- Christopher: "Do you want to dance?” 2.- Elisabeth: "Did you watch the latest film?” 3.- Anne: "Must I do the shopping?”

YES/NO QUESTIONS

We don’t use THAT, but we join the sentences by means of IF Ex. “Has the teacher arrived?” he asked He asked IF the teacher had arrived S + vb + if + S + vb REPORTING VERBS: ASK, ENQUIRE, WANT TO KNOW, WONDER, REQUEST

COMMANDS

Orders are usually expressed in the IMPERATIVE. There are two rules to take into account. A) The imperative becomes an infinitive or a negative infinitive (not to-inf) Ex. He said, “Stay here.” —> He told us to stay there She shouted, “Don’t move.” —> She ordered me not to move.

COMMANDS

B) The reporting verb must imply an order. Thus, “Say” is never used. Ex. He said, “Be quiet.” —>He told us to be quiet “Tell” + I.O. He said, “Don’t cross that road” —> He told us not to cross that road Other reporting verbs: ASK, BEG, INVITE, WARN, ORDER, COMMAND, INSTRUCT.

REQUESTS

They follow the rule 1 of Commands and: RULES: 1) “Please” is omitted 2) Reporting Verbs: ASK, DEMAND, BEG, REQUEST He said, "John, don't open the window, please"

EXTRA PRACTICE

PRACTICE

HEATHER: "Don't say that again!” Heather warned him ___________________ again.

Your mother said, "Come back in one hour.” Your mother ordered me ___________________ in one hour.

Mrs Smith said, "Don't play in front of my window!” Mrs. Smith told us____________________ in front of her window.

suggestions

"Let's go to the cinema," Helen said. RULES 1.- Reporting Verb: SUGGEST

2.- Structure: Helen suggested going to the cinema S + suggested + v-ing + C Helen suggested that we go to the cinema S + suggested + that + S + inf

suggestions

have - hamburger

buy - tickets

go - shopping

enjoy - water park

PRACTICE

COMMANDS and REQUESTS

QUESTIONS

MIXED

MIXED

STATEMENTS

That's all Thank you!

¿Tienes una idea?

Usa este espacio para añadir una interactividad genial. Incluye texto, imágenes, vídeos, tablas, PDFs… ¡incluso preguntas interactivas! Tip premium: Obten información de cómo interacciona tu audiencia:

• Visita las preferencias de Analytics;
• Activa el seguimiento de usuarios;
• ¡Que fluya la comunicación!

¿Tienes una idea?

Usa este espacio para añadir una interactividad genial. Incluye texto, imágenes, vídeos, tablas, PDFs… ¡incluso preguntas interactivas! Tip premium: Obten información de cómo interacciona tu audiencia:

• Visita las preferencias de Analytics;
• Activa el seguimiento de usuarios;
• ¡Que fluya la comunicación!

¿Tienes una idea?

Usa este espacio para añadir una interactividad genial. Incluye texto, imágenes, vídeos, tablas, PDFs… ¡incluso preguntas interactivas! Tip premium: Obten información de cómo interacciona tu audiencia:

• Visita las preferencias de Analytics;
• Activa el seguimiento de usuarios;
• ¡Que fluya la comunicación!

¿Tienes una idea?

Usa este espacio para añadir una interactividad genial. Incluye texto, imágenes, vídeos, tablas, PDFs… ¡incluso preguntas interactivas! Tip premium: Obten información de cómo interacciona tu audiencia:

• Visita las preferencias de Analytics;
• Activa el seguimiento de usuarios;
• ¡Que fluya la comunicación!