Learning Theories

learning Theories

Cognitivism

Constructivism

Behaviorism

Behaviorism

Characteristics:

B.F. Skinner

• Reinforcement - master small components of a larger concept (Bowen, n.d.)
• Teacher demonstrates, students will observe and then do assignment worth a grade (Bowen, n.d.). They repeat cycle until all skills are mastered (Bowen, n.d.).

• Significant impact on behaviorism (Bowen, n.d.). Focused on operant conditioning process(Bowen, n.d.).
• All behaviors are learned through a cycle of repetion (Bowen, n.d.).

In the classroom:

• Apply positive reinforcement (Bowen, n.d.)
• Body language can help (Bowen, n.d.)
• Praising students for desired behavior (Bowen, n.d.)

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Cognitivism

A significant theorist is Jean Piaget (Bowen, n.d.). He separated children's learning from adults, as he believed that had a unique way of learning (Bowen, n.d.).

Cognivtive learning take place inside the mind. Learning happens through thinking (Main, 2022).

After the teacher presents material, students use memory, perception, and insight to place new knowledge (Main, 2022).

Learning can benefit from this by using journaling, group - based models, positive encouragement, thought -provoking questions and planning hands on field trips (Bowen, n.d.)

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Constructivism

Types of learning:

In the classroom:

Learning Occurs

Theorist

Focus on big concepts first, then allow students to form their own thoughts based on experience (University of Buffalo, n.d.).

• Labratory assignments(Bowen, n.d.)
• Student led roleplaying(Bowen, n.d.)
• Coming up with more than one way to get the answer (Bowen, n.d.)

Learning will occur through ineractive experiences (buffalo). Learners will make their own view based on their own experiences (National University, n.d.).

Cognitive constructivism is commonly attributed to Jean Piaget while social constructivism is associated with Lee Vygotsky (National University, n.d.).

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