Academic Infographic

Daniel Hernandez

African American History in Bexar County

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The African American experience in Bexar County, Texas is a complex narrative shaped by historical adversities, cultural richness, and persistent endeavors for empowerment and equity, embodying a mosaic of resilience amidst adversity and moments of triumph.

Percentage Enslaved in 1860

fBexar County's urban character limited its involvement with slavery, but a significant number of people were still enslaved in San Antonio. Unlike neighboring counties, Bexar's economic success was hindered by the absence of profitable cash crops.

Between 1860 and 1870, the number of non-white residents in rural Bexar County (excluding San Antonio) decreased sharply from 805 to 347. During the same period, San Antonio's non-white population increased from 592 to 1,957. The African American population in Bexar County underwent a rapid shift from being predominantly rural to overwhelmingly urban. In 1860, only 42.4% of Bexar County's African Americans lived in San Antonio, but within ten years, the percentage had risen to 84.9%.

During the time when the Presidio was garrisoned, many of the soldiers were recruited from northern New Spain, which is present-day Mexico. Historically, many abducted Africans were sent to work in the nearby silver mines in Zacatecas, and some of these soldiers were likely descendants of those enslaved individuals. In 1777, a census found only 15 enslaved persons in Béxar out of a population of 2,060, which was less than one percent. Agricultural or other economic activities in Béxar did not rely on the exploitation of forced labor.

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During the Spanish period, interracial mixing was a common practice in the community. This is evident from the listing of "mulatos" in the local Catholic Church's baptismal registry. From 1790 to 1820, 5.6% of the 2,438 baptisms performed on children aged 3 or younger at the church of San Fernando were of boys and girls of African descent. The majority of these children were listed as "mulato," while a significant number were registered as "lobo" (i.e. African and indigenous Native American). The presence of so many mixed-race children in the registry is a testament to the widespread practice of mestizaje during that time.

San Fernando Baptismal Records, 1790-1820 Children of African Descent

occupations , Afro-Americans males, San Antonio, 1870

Upon arriving in the city, the freedmen and freedwomen, lacking resources, education, and relevant work experience, found themselves at the bottom rung of the socio-economic ladder.

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ACADEMICINFOGRAPHIC

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Disciplines like Visual Thinking facilitate visually rich note-taking thanks to the use of images, charts, infographics, and drawings.

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Visual content is a universal, cross-cutting language, like music. We are able to understand images from millions of years ago.

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To tell stories in an organized, hierarchical, structured, and concise way. These are the four pillars to carry out asuccessful presentation.

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To tell stories in an organized, hierarchical, structured, and concise way. These are the four pillars to carry out a successful presentation.

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Visual content is a cross-cutting, universal language, like music. We are able to understand images from millions of years ago, even from other cultures.

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To tell stories in an organized, hierarchical, structured, and concise way. These are the four pillars to carry out asuccessful presentation.

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You can briefly describe what the timeline of your presentation consists of and orally present the milestones achieved so that no one falls asleep.

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Visual content is a cross-cutting, universal language, like music. We are able to understand images from millions of years ago, even from other cultures.

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El contenido visual tiene un poder informativo e ilustrativo increible. ¿Sabías que el 90% de la información visual se asimila mejor? Las imágenes ayudan a romper la monotonía, también ilustran de forma visual lo que quieres contar y pueden ser un apoyo para añadir información adicional.

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We better grasp visual content. Visual content is associated with cognitive and psychological mechanisms. Things enter through the eyes, the first image is what counts.

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You can briefly describe what your presentation's timeline consists of and orally present the milestones achieved so that nobody falls asleep.

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Visual content is a cross-cutting, universal language, like music. We are able to understand images from millions of years ago, even from other cultures.

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