Jazz Music and Scat Singing: Ella Fitzgerald and Mildred Bailey

Jazz Music and Scat Singing

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How did Black musicians, such as Ella Fitzgerald and Mildred Bailey, contribute to the Harlem Renaissance and impact both Black and White audiences in the 1920s and ‘30s?

Major Research Question

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Ella Fitzgerald

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Impact on Black and White people

Impact on Harlem Rennaisance

Mildred Bailey

Ella Fitzgerald

Scat Singing

Background

How she influenced other muscians

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Impact on Harlem Renaissance

Impact on Black and White people

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Mildred Bailey

Ella Fitzgerald

Mildred Bailey

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Mildred Bailey was a Jazz singer in the late 1930s. She was more popularly known as Mrs. Swing. She was originally introduced by Paul Whiteman and sung as an uncredited vocalist in 1929 for Eddie Lang orchestra session resulting in her first 2 records. She reocorded for Whiteman until 1933 after a salary disagreement when she went to record for Brunswick. She also recorded an all-star session with Benny Goodman‘s studio band in 1934 that featured Coleman Hawkins.

In the mid 1930's Bailey and her third husband Red Norvo began making records together. They seen as the most dynamic couple and were nicknamed "Mr. and Mrs. Swing". She made records with her hsuband with Brunswick as the lead vocals as well as recorded her own records with vocalion often with Norvo's band or Count Basies band. Even after her divorce wth her husband, Bailey and Norvo continued to make records with one another until 1945. Bailey didn't record much after WWII due to her suffering from diabetes and depression. Her ashes were scattered after she died December 12, 1951, in Poughkeepsie, New York, of heart failure, aged 44, from her diabetes.

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Impact on Black and White People

Impact on Harlem Renaissance

Ella Fitzgerald

Mildred Bailey

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Ella fitzgerald

Mildred bailey

• Ella was one of the inspiring woman who brought passion into the rennaisance.
• Her passion for music opened doors for many upcoming african american performers.

• Bailey significantly contributed to swing and jazz music.
• She greatly influenced the music career of her friend Bing Crosby.

Impact on the Harlem Renaissance

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Impact on Harlem Renaissance

Impact on Black and White People

Ella Fitzgerald

Mildred Bailey

Ella Fitzgerald and Mildred Bailey, used their prominence as artists to encourage the breaking down of racial barriers, and segregation between the Black and the White people.

Ella Fitzgerald

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Mildred Bailey

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“She was such a big fan of Fitzgerald that she used her connections to help advance Fitzgerald's career and ultimately allow more people the opportunity to witness her performances” (Kuske, 2017).

“Mildred’s was making her ascent to becoming the most well-known singer of her era. Soon the critics were heralding her as the first “white” singer to be compared with black singers such as Ethel Waters” (Jive Time Records, 2018).

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Multimedia #2

Welcome EVERYONE!! This is a concert cherishing the breaking down of racial discrimination with Ella Fitzgerald and for everyone to enjoy and with no segregation of people of color!! Lets bring back the Jazz of the Harlem Renaissance together!!

Hello ALL, Midred Bailey is performing her best ever genre, Jazz and Swing. Join us to witness a women who was, and is an inspiration to many people including upcoming musicians.

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Sources

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Welcome EVERYONE!! This is a concert cherishing the breaking down of racial discrimination with Ella Fitzgerald and for everyone to enjoy and with no segregation of people of color!! Lets bring back the Jazz of the Harlem Renaissance together!!

Hello ALL, Midred Bailey is performing her best ever genre, Jazz and Swing. Join us to witness a women who was, and is an inspiration to many people including upcoming musicians.

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Sources

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Sources: Ella Fitzgerald

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Annotated bibliography

Source 2: Scat Singing

Source 1: Background Source

Source 3: How she influenced others

Sources: Mildred Bailey

Annotated Bibliography

Sources

Source 1: Pure History- Mildred Bailey

Sources: Harlem Renaissance

• https://americanhistory.si.edu/explore/stories/ella-fitzgerald-breaking-down-racial-barriers-her-voice

Annotated Bibilography: This source talks about Ella's music career and how eventually she got the NAACP and many more awards. Ella faced hardship during the start of her career due to her race,but eventually because of help from another musician, she got popular and earned many awards.

• https://postalmuseum.si.edu/exhibition/women-on-stamps-part-4-prominent-female-singers/a-swingin-time-mildred-bailey#:~:text=One%20artist%20who%20produced%20both,a%20mentor%20to%20Billie%20Holiday.

Annotated Bibilography: This source talks about Mildred Bailey's achievements throughout her music career.

Sources

Sources: Impact on White & Black people

• Condran, Ed. “Pair searching for more recognition for Mildred Bailey.” The Spokesman-Review, 30 July 2020, https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2020/jul/30/pair-searching-for-more-recognition-for-mildred-ba/. Accessed 3 May 2024.

• Kuske, Rebecca. “Ella Fitzgerald: Breaking down racial barriers with her voice.” National Museum of American History, 1 April 2017, https://americanhistory.si.edu/explore/stories/ella-fitzgerald-breaking-down-racial-barriers-her-voice.

• “MILDRED BAILEY – Jive Time Records.” Jive Time Records, https://jivetimerecords.com/northwest/mildred-bailey-xxx/.

Annotated Bibliography

Begininng

Scat Singing

As the 1940's brought about a new style of jazz, Scat singing, Fitzgerald adjusted well. As she was influenced by her tour with Dizzy Gillespie, Ella began to climb in popularity in the jazz world with her unique style of scat singing, inspiring other singers such has Louis Armstrong.

How she influenced others

Ella earned the title "First Lady of Jazz" for a reason. Her success in the Jazz industry led to many women across the country to dream of pursuing a career in jazz. With her being a creative jazz artist, she not only performed covers, but wrote and sang her own music. Thanks to her success in the Jazz industry, she was able to open doors for other women to enter it as well.

Background:

Ella Fitzgerald was born in Newports News, Va. on April 25, 1917 to William and Temperance Fitzgerald. However, soon after Ella's birth they parted ways. Ella stayed with her mom, and together they moved to Yonkers, NY where they ended up living with Temperances long-term Boyfriend Joseph Da Silva. Both her mother and step father worked hard growing up, and ella would also sometimes take up small jobs. Living in a mixed neighborhood made it easy for Ella to make friends. While she enjoyed playing basketball with the boys, she also took joy in singing and dancing with her friends. They often took the train to Harlem to watch various acts at the Apollo theater.