Anatomy & Physiology
Alayja
Created on April 29, 2024
Over 30 million people build interactive content in Genially.
Check out what others have designed:
SLYCE DECK
Personalized
LET’S GO TO LONDON!
Personalized
ENERGY KEY ACHIEVEMENTS
Personalized
HUMAN AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT KEY
Personalized
CULTURAL HERITAGE AND ART KEY ACHIEVEMENTS
Personalized
DOWNFALLL OF ARAB RULE IN AL-ANDALUS
Personalized
ABOUT THE EEA GRANTS AND NORWAY
Personalized
Transcript
Hypothalamus
Liver
Uterus & Cervix
Kidney
Mammary Tissue
Diseases
Horomones excreted & Function
What it does
Parathyroid
Controlled by- Anterior Lobe
- Metabolism Source
- Embedded/ Close Proximity to the Thyroid
- Parathyroid Hormone: Calcium metabolism through increasing calcium blood levels
- Rickets: Deformed/ Wekened bones due to a lack of Vitamin D causing less calcium to be absorbed
Horomones excreted & Function
What it does
Thyroid
Controlled by- Anterior Lobe
- Regulates metabolic practices
- Thyroid Stimulating Horomone (TSH): Produces Thyroxine/ maintains homeostasis
- Thyroxine: Made with tyrosine & iodine, comes in two forms- T3 (active/ potent form of the horomone) & T4 (active at tissue level), thyroxine increases metabolic rate, contraction, temperature and oxygen consumption. Also stimulates the breakdown of adipose tissue and contributes to protein synthesis
- Calcitonin: Regulation of calcium levels (antagonist of parathyroid) by reducing osteoclasts
Diseases
- Hypothyroidism: Thyroxine Deficiency; metabolism slows. Hair, coat, or skin problems. Alopecia or a skin infection
- Hyperthyroidism: Excesssive Thyroxine; Common for Elderly, weightloss, abnormal appetite, excessive urination, active, rapid heart rate, diarrhea, & vomiting
Horomones excreted & Function
What it does
Liver
Controlled by- Anterior Lobe
- Filtration
- Somatropin: Growth for muscle and bone tissue, increases protein synthesis, and stimluates liver to make somatomedin (bone and cartilage grower)
Diseases
- Jaundice: Yellow complection due to bilirubin in the blood because the liver couldn't process the blood properly as it breaks down
Diseases
Horomones excreted & Function
What it does
Pancreas
- Blood sugar balance
Controlled by- Anterior Lobe
- Insulin & Glucagon: Controls blood sugar levels
- Tripsin: Protein break down
- Diabetes: Animal consistently had high blood sugar causing the pancreas to deteriorate; signs are polydipsia & polyuria
- Hypoglycemia: Insulin overdose that could case a coma; signs are lethargy, weakness, and uncoordinated muscle movement
Duodenum
Diseases
Horomones excreted & Function
- Milk expulsion
What it does
Mammary Tissue
- (PL) Oxytocin: Stimulates mammary gland ducts
- Mastitis: Infection that causes the mammary gland to swell, inhibiting the release of oxytocin/ milk
Controlled by- Posterior Lobe
- (AL) Prolactin: Prepares mammary gland ducts for milk production & signals for it to start making milk
Controlled by- Anterior Lobe
Diseases
Horomones excreted & Function
What it does
Kidney
- Makes urine
- Removes waste
Controlled by- Posterior Lobe
- (PL) Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH): Regulates urine formation & water reabsorbtion, constricts atrioles to increase blood pressure, and causes the distal tubules in the kidneys to be water permeable
- (AL) Aldostrone: Increase sodium ion reabsorbtion for more water to be in the bloodstream
- (AL) Renin: Accelerates angiotensin and releases aldosterone which increases blood pressure
- (AL) Erythropoietin: Stimulate bone marrow in production of RBC's
- Diabetes Insipudus: Always thirsty, excessive urine, dilute urine, and incontinent
Controlled by- Anterior Lobe
Diseases
Horomones excreted & Function
What it does
Adrenal Glands
Controlled by- Anterior Lobe
- Controls heart rate and blood pressure
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH): Regulates adrenal glands, stimulates adrenal cortex to produce Aldosterone which controls blood pressure & urine producion as well as Cortisol which stimluates the liver to make fat & protein into glucose
- Adrenal medulla releases Epinephrine (adrenaline) and non adrenaline which are used during stress periods; causes increased heart rate and blood pressure
- Adrenal cortex makes Mineralocortids & Glucocortids for androgens and estrogens to be produced
- Porcine Stress Syndrome: Genetically transmitted myopathy that occurs when they are very stressed
Horomones excreted & Function
What it does
Ovaries
Controlled by- Anterior Lobe
- (AL) Lutenizing Hormone (LH): Signals ovulation/ corpus luteum which produces progesterone (pregnancy maintainer)
- (AL) Follicle- Stimulating Hormone (FSH): Regulates estrous cycle & stimulates follicle formation producing estrogen
- (H) Gonadroptin- Releasing Hormone (GnRH): Maintains the normal estrus cycle
- Egg Formation
Controlled by- Hypothalamus
Horomones excreted & Function
- Parturition/ Birthing process
What it does
Uterus & Cervix
- Oxytocin: Contraction of smooth muscle tissue & helps the dialation of the cervix
Controlled by- Posterior Lobe
Diseases
Horomones excreted & Function
What it does
Testes
Controlled by- Anterior Lobe
- Lutenizing Hormone (LH): Stimulates interstitial cells in the testes to make testosterone
- Follicle- Stimulating Hormone (FSH): Controls sperm production in the seminiferous tubules
- Sperm Producion
- Macroorchidism: When the patient has abnormally large testes
Provides a link between nervous and endocrine systems
Hypothalamus
- Connected to the pituitary via the posterior pituitary gland (They are connected by Axons)
- Produces several releasing & inhibiting factors through a venous portal system
Divides into the Posterior and Anterior lobe
Pituitary Gland
- Posterior lobe is connected to hypothalamus
- Anterior does the most work
- Related to all the hormone secretions of the endocrine glands
- Cholecystokinin (CCK): Stimulates pancreas and gallbladder to release digestive enzymes
- Secretin: Helps bile production thrugh sodium bicarbonate
- Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (GIP): Slows stomach activity
Cups the bottom of the pancreas & secretes 3 hormones aiding in digestion
Duodenum (AL)