History III ,María José Rogríguez, María Andrea Soto 3°B
Space Race
WHAT WAS IT?
1957
1958
Sputnik 1
Explorer 1
1958
1958
NASA
Sputnik 2
1958
1959
LUNA 1
SCORE
1959
1959
LUNA 2
Explorer 6
1959
1961
HAM, the chimpanzee
luna 3
Space Race
What role might space continue to play in achieving world peace?
1961
1960
SPUTNIK 5
Alan Shepard
1961
1965
FIRST HUMAN IN SPACE
Mariner 4
1967
1963
first woman in space
Apollo 1 accident
1968
1965
Apollo 8
the spacewalk
1969
1971
Apollo 11
salyut
REFERENCES
Sputnik 1
The Soviet Union launched the world's first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1, on October 4, 1957. This event shocked the world and marked the beginning of the space age.
Luna 1
Known as the first cosmic rocket. It escaped the orbit of the Moon since it was too fast. First human-made object to leave the orbit of the Earth.
THE USA
IN THE SPACE RACE
It consisted on a competition between the United States and the Sovietic Union during the Cold War. This was a contest marked by a series of notable achievements.
The main goal for Americans was landing a man on the Moon before the Soviets.
Explorer 6
Explorer 6 was a satellite launched by the United States on August 7, 1959. It was part of the Explorer program, which aimed to study the Earth's atmosphere and space environment. It captured first images of Earth from space.
THE SPACE RACE
1950s - 1960s
The Space Race was a competition between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War era primarily during the late 1950s and throughout the 1960s. It was a contest for supremacy in space exploration.
The main goal for Americans was landing a man on the Moon before the Soviets.
NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is created in the US, replacing the National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics (NACA).
REFERENCES
National Air And Space Museum. (August 23, 2023) What Was the Space Race? https://airandspace.si.edu/stories/editorial/what-was-space-race Royal Museums Greenwich. (n.d.) Space race timeline. https://www.rmg.co.uk/stories/topics/space-race-timeline
First human in space
Yuri Gagarin became the first human to travel to space and orbit the Earth aboard the Vostok 1 spacecraft.
HAM
On January 31, 1961, Ham (chimpanzee) was launched into space aboard the Mercury-Redstone 2 (MR-2) spacecraft as part of a test flight. His mission was to asses the effects of space travel on a living organism.
Sputnik 2
The USSR launched Sputnik 2, a satellite carrying a dog named Laika. They became the first nation to send a living organism into orbit.
SCORE
The U.S. launch of SCORE took place on December 18, 1958. SCORE was the world's first communications satellite, designed to demonstrate the possibility of transmitting messages via space.
THE USA
IN THE SPACE RACE
Presidents of the United States during the Space Race:
- Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953-1961)
- John F. Kennedy (1961-1963)
- Lyndon B. Johnson (1963-1969)
- Richard Nixon (1969-1974)
Alan Shepard
On May 5, 1961, Shepard made history as the first American to travel into space aboard the Freedom 7 spacecraft. His flight lasted about 15 minutes, reaching an altitude of 187 kilometers above Earth's surface.
Luna 3
The mission was to send an object into orbit around the Moon and photograph the far side of the Moon. It was successful.
The first space station
On april 19, the USSR launched the first space station, Salyut. Parts of this spacecraft later became part of the International Space Station (ISS).
First woman in space
On June 16, 1963, Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman in space, she spent nearly three days in space aboard the spacecraft Vostok 6.
Luna 2
It became the first spacecraft to reach the surface of the Moon.
Explorer 1
Explorer 1 was the first satellite launched by the United States on January 31, 1958. This satellite's primary mission was to conduct scientific experiments in Earth's orbit, particularly to study cosmic rays.
The Spacewalk
Alexei Leonov was a russian cosmonaut and became the first man to leave his spaceship using a specialized suit which allowed him to do the first ever spacewalk.
THE USSR
IN THE SPACE RACE
Leaders of the USSR during the Space Race:
- Nikita Kruschev (1953-1964)
- Leonid Brezhnev (1964-1982)
Mariner 4
Mariner 4 was a satellite launched by NASA on November 28, 1964.It was part of the Mariner program, which aimed to explore the planets of our solar system, particularly Mars and Venus.
Space exploration can contribute to world peace by promoting collaboration between countries surpassing political tensions. Initiatives like the International Space Station demonstrate how nations can work together for common goals despite differences on Earth. In addition, outer space does not belong to any nation specifically, it is property of all humankind. Space exploration leads to technological advancements and scientific discoveries that benefit all humanity
Apollo 8
Apollo 8 was a historic mission in the American space program, notable for being the first crewed spacecraft to orbit the Moon. Launched on December 21, 1968, Apollo 8 was crewed by astronauts Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders.
Apollo 11
The Apollo 11 mission saw American astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin become the first humans to walk on the Moon. For Americans, this achievement marked a significant victory for the United States.
Apollo 1 accident
In January 1967, American astronauts Ed White, Gus Grissom, and Roger Chaffee lost their lives in a devastating accident. A fire broke out inside their Apollo 1 capsule during a pre-launch test.
Sputnik 5
The first animals (two dogs, Belka and Strelka) and plants sent to space and returned alive.
THE USSR
IN THE SPACE RACE
It consisted on a competition between the United States and the Sovietic Union during the Cold War. This was a contest marked by a series of notable achievements.
The main goal for Americans was landing a man on the Moon before the Soviets.
SPACE RACE
MARIA ANDREA SOTO JIMENEZ
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Transcript
History III ,María José Rogríguez, María Andrea Soto 3°B
Space Race
WHAT WAS IT?
1957
1958
Sputnik 1
Explorer 1
1958
1958
NASA
Sputnik 2
1958
1959
LUNA 1
SCORE
1959
1959
LUNA 2
Explorer 6
1959
1961
HAM, the chimpanzee
luna 3
Space Race
What role might space continue to play in achieving world peace?
1961
1960
SPUTNIK 5
Alan Shepard
1961
1965
FIRST HUMAN IN SPACE
Mariner 4
1967
1963
first woman in space
Apollo 1 accident
1968
1965
Apollo 8
the spacewalk
1969
1971
Apollo 11
salyut
REFERENCES
Sputnik 1
The Soviet Union launched the world's first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1, on October 4, 1957. This event shocked the world and marked the beginning of the space age.
Luna 1
Known as the first cosmic rocket. It escaped the orbit of the Moon since it was too fast. First human-made object to leave the orbit of the Earth.
THE USA
IN THE SPACE RACE
It consisted on a competition between the United States and the Sovietic Union during the Cold War. This was a contest marked by a series of notable achievements.
The main goal for Americans was landing a man on the Moon before the Soviets.
Explorer 6
Explorer 6 was a satellite launched by the United States on August 7, 1959. It was part of the Explorer program, which aimed to study the Earth's atmosphere and space environment. It captured first images of Earth from space.
THE SPACE RACE
1950s - 1960s
The Space Race was a competition between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War era primarily during the late 1950s and throughout the 1960s. It was a contest for supremacy in space exploration.
The main goal for Americans was landing a man on the Moon before the Soviets.
NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is created in the US, replacing the National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics (NACA).
REFERENCES
National Air And Space Museum. (August 23, 2023) What Was the Space Race? https://airandspace.si.edu/stories/editorial/what-was-space-race Royal Museums Greenwich. (n.d.) Space race timeline. https://www.rmg.co.uk/stories/topics/space-race-timeline
First human in space
Yuri Gagarin became the first human to travel to space and orbit the Earth aboard the Vostok 1 spacecraft.
HAM
On January 31, 1961, Ham (chimpanzee) was launched into space aboard the Mercury-Redstone 2 (MR-2) spacecraft as part of a test flight. His mission was to asses the effects of space travel on a living organism.
Sputnik 2
The USSR launched Sputnik 2, a satellite carrying a dog named Laika. They became the first nation to send a living organism into orbit.
SCORE
The U.S. launch of SCORE took place on December 18, 1958. SCORE was the world's first communications satellite, designed to demonstrate the possibility of transmitting messages via space.
THE USA
IN THE SPACE RACE
Presidents of the United States during the Space Race:
Alan Shepard
On May 5, 1961, Shepard made history as the first American to travel into space aboard the Freedom 7 spacecraft. His flight lasted about 15 minutes, reaching an altitude of 187 kilometers above Earth's surface.
Luna 3
The mission was to send an object into orbit around the Moon and photograph the far side of the Moon. It was successful.
The first space station
On april 19, the USSR launched the first space station, Salyut. Parts of this spacecraft later became part of the International Space Station (ISS).
First woman in space
On June 16, 1963, Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman in space, she spent nearly three days in space aboard the spacecraft Vostok 6.
Luna 2
It became the first spacecraft to reach the surface of the Moon.
Explorer 1
Explorer 1 was the first satellite launched by the United States on January 31, 1958. This satellite's primary mission was to conduct scientific experiments in Earth's orbit, particularly to study cosmic rays.
The Spacewalk
Alexei Leonov was a russian cosmonaut and became the first man to leave his spaceship using a specialized suit which allowed him to do the first ever spacewalk.
THE USSR
IN THE SPACE RACE
Leaders of the USSR during the Space Race:
Mariner 4
Mariner 4 was a satellite launched by NASA on November 28, 1964.It was part of the Mariner program, which aimed to explore the planets of our solar system, particularly Mars and Venus.
Space exploration can contribute to world peace by promoting collaboration between countries surpassing political tensions. Initiatives like the International Space Station demonstrate how nations can work together for common goals despite differences on Earth. In addition, outer space does not belong to any nation specifically, it is property of all humankind. Space exploration leads to technological advancements and scientific discoveries that benefit all humanity
Apollo 8
Apollo 8 was a historic mission in the American space program, notable for being the first crewed spacecraft to orbit the Moon. Launched on December 21, 1968, Apollo 8 was crewed by astronauts Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders.
Apollo 11
The Apollo 11 mission saw American astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin become the first humans to walk on the Moon. For Americans, this achievement marked a significant victory for the United States.
Apollo 1 accident
In January 1967, American astronauts Ed White, Gus Grissom, and Roger Chaffee lost their lives in a devastating accident. A fire broke out inside their Apollo 1 capsule during a pre-launch test.
Sputnik 5
The first animals (two dogs, Belka and Strelka) and plants sent to space and returned alive.
THE USSR
IN THE SPACE RACE
It consisted on a competition between the United States and the Sovietic Union during the Cold War. This was a contest marked by a series of notable achievements.
The main goal for Americans was landing a man on the Moon before the Soviets.