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REPORTED SPEECH (1Bach)
Amaia Azcona Cildoz
Created on April 25, 2024
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Transcript
Reported Speech
IES Mendillorri
Let´s start
Reported speech
Órdenes indirectas
Oraciones declarativas
Oraciones interrogativas indirectas
Verbos introductores del estilo indirecto
Reported Speech
INTRO: Utilizamos el estilo indirecto cuando queremos comunicar a alguien lo que otra persona ha dicho, sin usar las palabras exactas que esta utilizó
- They say : `We are hungry´. They say (that) they are humgry. - He says: `I won´t go out tomorrow´. He says (that) he won´t go out tomorrow.
Cuando el verbo introdutor del estilo indirecto está en presente, pretérito perfecto o futuro, los tiempos verbales no cambian.
Sin embargo, cuando el verbo introductor está en pasado, se producen cambios.
Cambios que se producen:
Reported Speech
1.- Oraciones DECLARATIVAS
I live in a big house > He said (that) he lived in a big house. PRESENT SIMPLE > PAST SIMPLE I am doing my homework > She said (that) she was doing her homework. PRESENT CONTINUOUS > PAST CONTINUOUS We have just arrived > They said they had just arrived. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE > PAST PERFECT SIMPLE I saw them at the party > He said he had seen them at the party. PAST SIMPLE > PAST PERFECT SIMPLE
Reported Speech
Cambios de los verbos modales: E. DIRECTO / E. INDIRECTO CAN > COULD WILL > WOULD MUST/HAVE (GOT) TO > HAD TO MAY > MIGHT
I can play the guitar > He said (that) I could play the guitar I will answer the phone > He said (that) he would answer the phone You must be more tolerant > He said (that) I had to be more tolerant It may rain > He said (that) it might rain
Reported Speech
Otros verbos modales no cambian: El verbo introductor en los estilos directos e indirectos suele serSAY. En el estilo directo, cuando el verbo va seguido de un objeto de persona, podemos emplear SAY TO o bien TELL. Sin embargo, en el estilo indirecto sólo se utilizaría told.
"I am a bit sad", he said to me "I am going out tonight", he told me He told me he was a bit sad
Reported Speech
Sin embargo, en el estilo indirecto sólo se utilizaría TOLD. Los pronombres y adjetivos posesivos de primera persona cambian a tercera persona. El pronombre you cambia a I o we.
He told me he was a bit sad (Me dijo que estaba un poco triste) He said, ` I can´t read with my glasses´ (Dijo: ` No puedo leer con mis gafas´) He said (that) he couldn´t read with his glasses (Dijo que no podía leer con sus gafas) He said, `You are lucky´. Dijo: "tienes suerte" He said I was lucky. Dijo que yo tenía suerte. He said to us, `You look busy´. Nos dijo: "Parecéis ocupados". He told us we looked busy. Nos dijo que parecíamos ocupados.
Reported Speech
Otras expresiones que cambian:
ESTILO DIRECTO
ESTILO INDIRECTO
THIS HERE TODAY YESTERDAY TOMORROW TONIGHT TOMORROW MORNING YESTERDAY AFTERNOON NEXT WEEK /MONTH/ YEAR A WEEK / MONTH / YEAR AGO
THATTHERE THAT DAY THE DAY BEFORE THE NEXT DAY / THE FOLLOWING DAY THAT NIGHT THE FOLLOWING MORNING THE PREVIOUS AFTERNOON THE FOLLOWING WEEK / MONTH / YEAR A WEEK / MONTH / YEAR BEFORE
Reported Speech
2.- Oraciones INDIRECTAS
En el estilo directo, utilizamos siempre el imperativo para indicar una orden. En el estilo indirecto, empleamos la siguente estructura: Si la orden es negativa, utilizamos la misma estructura pero con not delante de to + infinitivo.
ESTILO DIRECTO: He said to Jack, `open the door, please.´ ESTILO INDIRECTO: He told (asked) Jack to open the door. SUJETO + VERBO INTRODUCTOR (told; asked; advised; warned) + OBJETO + TO + INFINITIVO. ESTILO DIRECTO: He said to me, `Don´t talk.´ ESTILO INDIRECTO: He told (asked) me not to talk.
Reported Speech
3.- Oraciones INTERROGATIVAS INDIRECTAS
Las oraciones interrogativas indirectas pueden ir introducidas por los verbos: ask, know, want to know, wonder, not know. Los cambios de los tiempos verbales son los mismo que para las oraciones declarativas indirectas.
a) Wh - questions El orden de las palabras de la pregunta original cambia al orden de una oración declarativa. El sujeto va inmediatamente detrás del pronombre interrogativo, y el verbo detrás del sujeto. b) Yes / No questions. Las Yes/No questions van introducidas por las conjunciones if o whether.
He said, `Where do you live?´ asked He wondered where I lived. wanted to know didn´t know - He said, `Can I open the window?´ - He asked me if /whether he could open the window.
Reported Speech
4.- VERBOS INTRODUCTORES DEL ESTILO INDIRECTO
Hay ciertos verbos que pueden indicar la intención del hablante; una sugerencia, una disculpa, un ofrecimiento, una promesa, un rechazo, etc. a) Oración introducida por THAT: b) Verbo + objeto + to + infinitivo:
SAY TELL (+objeto) EXPLAIN SUGGEST INSIST PROMISE WARN ADMIT AGREE REMIND CLAIM COMPLAIN REPLY ASK TELL ORDER ADVISE WARN INVITE APOLOGISE FOR SUGGEST RECOMMEND ADMIT INSIST ON ACCUSE SOMEONE OF
- She promised that she would come back in two weeks. - He suggested we should go to the pub.
They asked us to be quiet. - Verbo acabado en - ing: They accused me of cheating in the exam. He admitted being late for work.
Thank you!
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