Cognitivism
Behaviorism
Constructivism
Major Theorists
Some of the major theorists associated with Cognitivism include Kurt Koffka, Wolfgang Kohler, Kurt Lewin, Jean Piaget, David Ausubel, Jerome Bruner, and Robert M. Gagne.
Major characteristics
Cognitivism is a theoretical framework that aims to understand how individuals learn, including the techniques they use to assimilate information and the impact of their history and environment on their learning abilities (Nagowah 2009). It focuses on the cognitive processes involved in acquiring, processing, and storing information, and recognizes the role of metacognition in learning.
The Role of Memory...
Cognitivism considers memory as a crucial component in the learning process, responsible for storing and retrieving information processed by the brain (Cornstein 2017). Memory is divided into three types: sensory, short-term, and long-term. Cognitivists suggest various memory techniques and strategies to improve the retention and recall of information.
The types of learning....
- Montessori and Piaget both emphasize the importance of active participation and interaction in learning (Cornstein 2017). Montessori allows children to explore in a prepared environment, fostering independence and creativity. Piaget's theory highlights that learning occurs through interactions with the environment.
The types of learning....
Major Theorists
Some of the major theorists associated with Behaviorism include Thorndike, Pavlov, Watson, Guthrie, Hull, Tolman, and Skinner (Gould 2017).
Major characteristics
The study of behaviorism initially focused on how people react to different situations. Later on, it included the idea of conditioning behaviors by rewarding or punishing certain responses with positive or negative stimuli (Cornstein, 2017). According to the behaviorism learning theory, behaviors are shaped by external factors rather than internal ones (Cornstien 2017).
The Role of Memory...
The more frequently a response and stimulus are paired together, the stronger the connection between them becomes in an individual's mind. This connection can be strengthened through positive and negative reinforcement after an outcome is achieved, or by pairing a stimulus with an action, such as ringing a bell when dinner is served (Nagowah 2009). Once the behavior is conditioned, the outcome becomes a natural response.
The types of learning....
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The Role of Memory...
Constructivism theory emphasizes the importance of critical thinking and comprehension of concepts over memorization. Students' proficiency is based on their ability to link new information with their knowledge (Nagowah 2009). The theory highlights learners' unique knowledge to establish meaningful connections with new information, thus enabling their active participation in the learning process (Cornstien 2017).
Major Theorists
Major characteristics
This theory believes each person's unique experiences shape their process of learning new information, and make it just as unique (Cornstien 2017). Collaboration is a crucial component that allows students to take an active role in their learning. Instruction should be tailored to meet the needs of all proficiency levels. Students benefit greatly from having the educator act as a facilitator while working in small groups.
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Transcript
Cognitivism
Behaviorism
Constructivism
Major Theorists
Some of the major theorists associated with Cognitivism include Kurt Koffka, Wolfgang Kohler, Kurt Lewin, Jean Piaget, David Ausubel, Jerome Bruner, and Robert M. Gagne.
Major characteristics
Cognitivism is a theoretical framework that aims to understand how individuals learn, including the techniques they use to assimilate information and the impact of their history and environment on their learning abilities (Nagowah 2009). It focuses on the cognitive processes involved in acquiring, processing, and storing information, and recognizes the role of metacognition in learning.
The Role of Memory...
Cognitivism considers memory as a crucial component in the learning process, responsible for storing and retrieving information processed by the brain (Cornstein 2017). Memory is divided into three types: sensory, short-term, and long-term. Cognitivists suggest various memory techniques and strategies to improve the retention and recall of information.
The types of learning....
The types of learning....
Major Theorists
Some of the major theorists associated with Behaviorism include Thorndike, Pavlov, Watson, Guthrie, Hull, Tolman, and Skinner (Gould 2017).
Major characteristics
The study of behaviorism initially focused on how people react to different situations. Later on, it included the idea of conditioning behaviors by rewarding or punishing certain responses with positive or negative stimuli (Cornstein, 2017). According to the behaviorism learning theory, behaviors are shaped by external factors rather than internal ones (Cornstien 2017).
The Role of Memory...
The more frequently a response and stimulus are paired together, the stronger the connection between them becomes in an individual's mind. This connection can be strengthened through positive and negative reinforcement after an outcome is achieved, or by pairing a stimulus with an action, such as ringing a bell when dinner is served (Nagowah 2009). Once the behavior is conditioned, the outcome becomes a natural response.
The types of learning....
The Role of Memory...
Constructivism theory emphasizes the importance of critical thinking and comprehension of concepts over memorization. Students' proficiency is based on their ability to link new information with their knowledge (Nagowah 2009). The theory highlights learners' unique knowledge to establish meaningful connections with new information, thus enabling their active participation in the learning process (Cornstien 2017).
Major Theorists
Major characteristics
This theory believes each person's unique experiences shape their process of learning new information, and make it just as unique (Cornstien 2017). Collaboration is a crucial component that allows students to take an active role in their learning. Instruction should be tailored to meet the needs of all proficiency levels. Students benefit greatly from having the educator act as a facilitator while working in small groups.