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Citing Generative AI in APA
Nicholas Balderas
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Transcript
Introduction
APA Format
Generated Text
Generated Images
Supplementary
How to Cite Generative AI
Introduction to citing generative AI in APA format
Developed by Nicholas Balderas
How to Cite GenAI
Introduction
APA Format
Generated Text
Generated Images
Supplementary
Introduction to citing generative AI
Acknowledging the source
When referencing AI-generated content in academic work, it's crucial to provide thorough and accurate citations to give credit to the source of the generated material. By providing comprehensive citations, you ensure transparency, facilitate reproducibility, and uphold academic integrity when incorporating AI-generated content into your research or scholarly work.
How to Cite GenAI
Introduction
APA Format
Generated Text
Generated Images
Supplementary
When citing AI generated outputs, there are several key components we must consider when adding a citation to your academic work.
Citing the Output
- Developer Information: Providing the names of the individuals or organizations responsible for developing the AI model. For example, Open AI, DeepMind, ect
- Model Name and Version: Clearly mention the name and version of the AI model used to generate the content. For example, GPT-4, StyleGAN2, DALL-E, etc.
- Contextual Infomation: Including information about the specific task, prompt, or input provided to the AI model for generating the content to help readers understand the scope and purpose of the generated material.
- Dates of Access: Specify the date when the AI-generated content was accessed or generated. This is particularly important for online platforms or services where the model may continue to evolve over time.
What to consider when citing generative AI
How to Cite GenAI
Introduction
APA Format
Generated Text
Generated Images
Supplementary
What is APA format?
When to use it and why it's important for Generative AI
Consider the following when citing any ideas, words, data, images, or other intellectual property that is not your own.
APA format, short for American Psychological Association format, is a style guide widely used in academic writing and citing sources. Typically, a reference list is arranged alphabetically by author's last name that includes the author's name, publication year, title of the work, publication information, and any relevant identifiers (e.g., DOI or URL). We highlight this importance if information from generative AI is used, it needs to be cited just like any other source.
- Direct quotations
- Paraphrasing or summarizing
- Data or statisitcs
- Images, diagrams, or illustrations
- Theories, concpets, or framekworks
How to Cite GenAI
APA Format
Generated Text
Introduction
Generated Images
Supplementary
Citing AI Generated Text
Citation Examples when using generated text
In-text Citation
The Appendix
Including the transcript
Quoting generated text
Reference List
Writing a full citation
How to Cite GenAI
Introduction
APA Format
Generated Text
Generated Images
Supplementary
Citing AI Generated Images
Citation examples when using generated images
Citing generated images is just as important as citing AI generated text, but in order to cite photos or images in APA format, there is a fomula you must follow. See images for more details
The Format
In-Text Citation
How to Cite GenAI
Generative Images
Supplementary
Introduction
APA Format
Generated Text
Supplementary Resources
Additional Citations and Readings
Citing AI: MLA
Citing AI: Chicago
Additional Resources
Citing AI: Images
Remeber, full citations still use the complete prompt. A full citation for ChatGPT in MLA format would appear on the works cited page as: “Summarize the book Pride and Prejudice” prompt. ChatGPT, GPT-4, OpenAI, 30 Jun. 2023, chat.openai.com/chat.
Work Cite Page
MLA prefers in-text parenthetical citations, place parenthetical citations after the related sentence, clause, or paragraph that contains the information being cited but before the final punctuation mark. ("Example of an MLA citation")
Rules
For example, if your prompt was "Summarize the book Pride and Prejudice," the parenthetical citation would be "Summarize book".Ex: "Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen complex romantic entanglements and societal expectations of the Bennett sisters ("Summarize the book"), and is significant to our writing.
In-Text
To credit in MLA Style using AI using the same elements (prompt, A.I. tool used, version, creation date, individual image or general tool URL):
MLA
Cited Reference
To credit for that image in Chicago, include the prompt used to generate the image in quotation marks:
Chicago
MLA work cited page entry:“Generate image of example." Prompt. DALL-E, Version 2. OpenAI, 17 Mar. 2024, URL
[IMAGE HERE]
Chicago footnote/endnote entry:1. DALL-E, "Generate Image Example" OpenAI, March 7, 2024, URL.
[IMAGE HERE]
“A generated image of example in postmodern style.” image generated by OpenAI’s DALL·E 2, March 17, 2024.
Fig. 1. “Image Title.” Prompt, DALL-E, Version 2, OpenAI, 17 Mar. 2024, URL.
The Appendix
Including your generated AI transcripts
If you are using large quantities of AI in your work, the best practice is to include the conversation in the appendix section of your paper. Remember to highlight this in your formal writing, especially when adding an in-text citation.
Example: "Birds fly by generating lift through the motion of their wings, utilizing aerodynamic principles to create upward force and counteract gravity." (OpenAI, 2024; See Appendix C for the full transcript).
In-text Citation
How to cite an AI image in APA
Portrait of George Washington postmodern style
[PLACE IMAGE HERE]
Note. Image generated with the prompt “George Washington in postmodern style” by OpenAI, ChatGPT, 2023 (https://chat.openai.com/chat).
Reference List
Citing AI for your references page
When creating a full citation in your references, you must consider the following criteria while paying attention to punctuation, such as periods, parentheses, and brackets.
Company. (Year). AI Name (version) [Descriptor]. URL Example: OpenAI. (2024). ChatGPT (Feb 20 version) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com/chat
Final bibliography is pending
Supplamentary Information
Bibliography:
Course Information
- https://www.grammarly.com/blog/ai-citations-mla/
- https://www.grammarly.com/blog/ai-citations-chicago/
- MLA Style Center: https://style.mla.org/citing-generative-ai/
- https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/qanda/data/faq/topics/Documentation/faq0423.html
- https://help.openai.com/en/articles/6640875-how-should-i-credit-dall-e-in-my-work
- https://libguides.uvic.ca/AI_Tools/citing_AI_images#:~:text=MLA%20recommends%20providing%20a%20description,URL%20of%20the%20published%20image.
- Ellis. M., (2023), How to Cite ChatGPT and AI in APA Format, Grammarly Blog, Grammarly Inc. https://www.grammarly.com/blog/ai-citations-apa/
- McAdoo. T., (2023), How to cite ChatGPT, APAStyle, American Pyschological Association, https://apastyle.apa.org/blog/how-to-cite-chatgptOpenAI. (2024).
- ChatGPT 3.5 (Feb 13 version) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com/chat
As we conclude this course, I want to extend my sincerest gratitude for your active participation. This section serves as a bibliography for your reference to further deepen your understanding of the subject matter. I would like to encourage you to continue exploring the topics covered in this course and utilizing the resources provided in the bibliography section.
In-text citation
Including the prompt of generated text
In-text citation: (ChatGPT, 2024)
When using generative AI, remember to include a brief explanation of your prompt to describe to the reader how you accessed the generated information.
Example: When asked to summarize 'Little Red Riding Hood', OpenAI's ChatGPT described it as, "a classic fairy tale about a young girl who encounters a wolf while on her way to visit her grandmother, ultimately outsmarting the wolf with the help of a clever woodsman" (2024).
If the prompt hasn’t been included in the text, it can be included in the foodnote or endnote:
Footnote/Endnotes
The CMOS website suggests citing AI in footnotes or endnotes, like other sources. For example, if your prompt was within the text, you may acknowledge the tool. Example: ...based on the AI respons to “Summarize Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen" (ChatGPT, March 7, 2023).
In-Text
The Chicago Manual of Style citation guidelines say that AI chatbots should be cited as personal communication, rather than a proper source since generated information cannot be accessed by other people. Mention all of the relevant information, such as a description of the prompt and the date you accessed it.
Chicago Rules
1. ChatGPT, "summarize Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen." OpenAI, March 7, 2023, https://chat.openai.com/chat. Citing a subsequent notes can be abbreviated: 2 ChatGPT.