Coevolution

The role of COEVOLUTION in mutualistic interactions

Barbotin Louis, Boqueret Maxime, Boulay Mathilde and Fortin Cléa

COEVOLUTION

1 - Defining coevolution

2 - Setting up and outcomes of the mutualistic coevolution

Beginning of coevolutionKinds of coevolutionCoevolution at different levelsImprovement of the coevolution study

Requirements to establish a mutualistic coevolutionPossible outcomes of mutualistic coevolutionFlaws of coevolution

Beginning of coevolution

Ehrlich and Raven

1964

1882

"Origin of Species"

"Coevolution"

"Coadaptation"

Strict coevolution

Kinds of coevolution

Ehrlich and Raven

Diffuse coevolution

Multispecies coevolution

Ehrlich and Raven

1964

Janzen

1882

"Origin of Species"

Berenbaum

1983

Berenbaum

1980

Janzen

Coevolution at different levels

Dixit 2023

Dixit

Ehrlich and Raven

1964

1882

"Origin of Species"

1980

Janzen

1983

Berenbaum

2023

Improvement of the coevolution study

Medium 2020 by Anees Shah

Malden_DJ on dpreview.com

Papilio machaon

Ehrlich and Raven

1964

1882

"Origin of Species"

1980

Janzen

1983

Berenbaum

2023

Dixit

1977

DNA sequencing

Frederick Sanger

2006

Commons wikimedia org

Host shift: Papilio machaon

DNA sequencer

zoepd.com

1 - Defining coevolution

2 - Setting up and outcomes of the mutualistic coevolution

Beginning of coevolutionKinds of coevolutionCoevolution at different levelsImprovement of the coevolution study

Requirements to establish a mutualistic coevolutionPossible outcomes of mutualistic coevolutionFlaws of coevolution

Requirement: Local proximity and synchronous life cycles

Ficus carica sycon. Dubuisson 2022

Blastophaga psenes. Wikipedia.com

Life cycles of B.psenes and male (left) and female (right) F.carica. Proffit et al. 2020

ostiole

male flowers

female flowers

branch

peduncle

GEOGRAPHICAL

TEMPORAL

--> Same ecosystem

--> Same life cycles

Interaction between the ant Ectatomma tuberculatum and the caterpillar Synargis. Eurekalert.org

Requirement: Interspecific communication

View of vibratory papillae (left) and one vibratory papilla in contact with epigranulations (right) of Synargis gale. Devries 1991

CHEMICAL

AUDITORY

---> Synomone (VOCs)

--> Stridulations

Outcome: Endosymbiosis

Wu et al. 2006

Huntington Beach 2008 by Don Pace

Outcome: Cospeciation

produces antibiotics against

parasites

cultivates

houses

Currie et al 2006

Cheaters

EX. Olfactory Mimicry

Punishment

EX. Yucca and Yucca moth

Flaws: Cheaters risks

Darlyne A. Murawski on Pixels.com

www.orchid-nord.com

Ophrys insectifera

Pellmyr and Huth 1994

Flaws: Interdependence

houses and feed

protects

Flaws: Anthropogenic threat

Preference of pollinators concerning nectar consumption

Volume of nectar (a) and concentration of saccharose (c) produced by a sunflower (left) or a buckwheat (right), in control condition (blue) or warmed condition (red). In 2015, warmed conditions are higher than in 2016. McCombs 2022

1 - Defining coevolution

2 - Setting up and outcomes of the mutualistic coevolution

Beginning of coevolutionKinds of coevolutionCoevolution at different levelsImprovement of the coevolution study

Requirements to establish a mutualistic coevolutionPossible outcomes of mutualistic coevolutionFlaws of coevolution

Conclusion

Acacias with and without ants

Synomone action