Metaphysical Perspectives

Philosophical Thinking

Metaphysical Perspectives

Arie Gonzalez - A01068178 Zianya Macías - A01068089

Peter Van Inwagen

Jean-Paul Sartre

Aristotle

René Descartes

Parmenides

Plato

1942 CE

384 BCE

1905 CE

428 BCE

515 BCE

1596 CE

Characteristics

Characteristics

Characteristics

Characteristics

Characteristics

Characteristics

Jean-Paul Sartre

Metaphysical perspective

Sartre's metaphysical vision focuses on absolute freedom, the definition of self, the burden of responsibility and the denial of a predefined essence, deeply exploring human existence and the complexities of individual autonomy. Mittal, T. (s. f.). To be is to be: Jean-Paul Sartre on existentialism and freedom. YourStory.

Parmenides

Metaphysical Perspective

• There is only one single, immutable and indivisible entity called "Being" or "What is".
• Everything else we perceive, such as change or movement, is an illusion.
• Describes the concept of "What is" as eternal and unchanging.

Stanford. (2020, October 19). Parmenides ( Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy). Retrieved April 11, 2024, from https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/parmenides/

DeLong. (2016, May 6). Parmenides’ Theistic Metaphysics. KU ScholarWorks. Retrieved April 11, 2024, from https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/bitstream/handle/1808/21838/DeLong_ku_0099D_14605_DATA_1.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1

Plato

Metaphysical Perspective

• Differentiates the world between the physical world and the realm of forms.
• Considers the physical world as full of appearances and opinions.
• Forms represent the essential qualities and properties of objects and concepts in the physical world, serving as the basis of knowledge and morality.
• The physical world, according to Plato, is a distorted reflection of the true reality embodied by the Forms.

StudyCorgi. (2023, June 26). Plato’s Theory of Forms: Metaphysics and Epistemology. https://studycorgi.com/platos-theory-of-forms-metaphysics-and-epistemology/

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Peter Van Inwagen

Metaphysical Perspective

Peter van Inwagen's way of seeing the world is characterized by his support of radical metaphysical realism, his focus on the existence of an ultimate reality, and his exploration of the most general features of the universe and the enigma of metaphysical freedom. Peter van Inwagen’s Extreme Metaphysical Realism. (s. f.).

René Descartes

Metaphysical Perspective

Descartes' metaphysical perspective is distinguished by his dualistic view of mind and body, his belief in the existence of God and eternal truths, and his application of mechanistic principles to the natural world and human behavior. His ideas have had a profound influence on the development of modern philosophy and are still studied and debated by scholars today.

Descartes’ Modal Metaphysics (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy). (2023, 7 agosto).

Aristotle

Metaphysical Perspective

• The study of the real world.
• Understand the essence and existence of real and natural things in the world.
• Criticized Plato, arguing that forms do not explain the nature of the material world.

Aristotle: Metaphysics | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (n.d.). IEP. Retrieved April 11, 2024, from https://iep.utm.edu/aristotle-metaphysics/

Camilleri, A. (2021, November 9). Aristotle’s metaphysics – PhilosophyMT. Retrieved April 11, 2024, from https://philosophymt.com/aristotles-metaphysics/#google_vignette

Jean-Paul Sartre

Metaphysical Perspective

Sartre's metaphysical vision focuses on absolute freedom, the definition of self, the burden of responsibility and the denial of a predefined essence, deeply exploring human existence and the complexities of individual autonomy. Mittal, T. (s. f.). To be is to be: Jean-Paul Sartre on existentialism and freedom. YourStory.