Craniofacial Anomalies
Alyssa Parker, Maggie Coley, Gracie Smith
CONTENT
Craniofacial Anomalies
Cleft Palate
Pierre Robin Sequence
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Dysphagia
Referrals
What is a craniofacial anomaly?Deformities that affect a child's head and facial bones. These disorders are typically present at birth and can range from mild-severe. Common craniofacial anomalies include: - cleft lip/palate - hemifacial microsomia - vascular malformation - hemangioma
Symptoms: - vary by condition Causes: - genetics - environmental - folic acid deficiency Treatment Options: *Depends on the individual, but if worsens, contact: - pediatric neurosurgeon - general neurosurgeon - craniofacial surgeon - craniofacial anomalies team
Craniofacial Anomalies
Treatment - surgery- close the opening between the nose and mouth - help create a palate that works well for speech - prevent food and liquid from leaking out of the nose Other health problems that can cooccur: - trouble breathing - frequent ear infections - trouble feeding - hearing loss - eye problems - speech problems
What is Cleft Palate?Cleft Palate is when a baby is born with an opening in the roof of their mouth. This leaves a hole between the nose and the mouth. A baby with cleft palate may have: - only a cleft palate - only a cleft lip - both a cleft lip and palate What causes cleft palate? - genetic factors - environmental factors
Cleft Palate
What is PRS?A condition in which your baby has a small jaw (micrognathia), a tongue that falls back toward the throat (glossoptosis) and upper airway obstruction. A U-shaped opening in the roof of the mouth is also common. What does PRS affect? PRS is a congenital condition, meaning it is present at birth. It may occur alone or alongside numerous conditions.
Symptoms: - underdeveloped jaw and small chin - tongue posteriorly positioned - high-arched palate - natal teeth - dysphagia - temporary hearing loss Cause: - Unknown Treatment Options: *Depends on severity - sleep on belly - air flow through a nasal tube - surgery
Pierre Robin Sequence
Treatment:- using medications to treat some symptoms - undergoing behavior and education therapy training the parent to best help your child Does FAS ever go away? FAS never goes away. The symptoms of this condition will be with the person throughout their entire life. Secondary effects of FAS: - metal health problems - spending time in a mental-health facility - acting out in inappropriate ways - having difficulty in one's life
What is FAS?FAS is a condition that develops in a fetus when a pregnant person drinks alcohol during pregnancy . How does alcohol interfere with development? - kills cells in different parts of the fetus - interferes with the traveling of cells - constricts blood vessels - toxic byproducts are produced when the body processes alcohol
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Medical Consequences: - aspiration pneumonia - dehydration - undernutrition Psychosocial Consequences: - limit social interactions changes in lifestyle - changes in diet - additional stress - family members affected Treatment Options: *Depends on type/severity - learning exercises/swallowing techniques - surgery - diet
What is Dysphagia?A medical term for difficulty swallowing. It can be a painful condition. In some cases, swallowing is impossible. Symptoms: - pain when swallowing - not being able to swallow - food is "stuck" - drooling - heartburn - weight loss - coughing/gagging when swallowing - regurgitation - stomach acid backing up in the throat
Dysphagia
Referrals
- Nutritionist: to assess, diagnose, and treat dietary and nutritional problems - Oral Maxiofacial Surgeon: to discuss potential surgical options and complications - Otolaryngologist: to treat a condition affecting your ears, nose, and throat - Respiratory Therapist: to give the patient oxygen, manage ventilations, and administer drugs to the lungs - Pediatrician: to treat the health and wellbeing of your child - Plastic Surgery: to reconstruct the facial tissue due to birth disorders - Feeding Therapist: to determine if your child's issues are sensory, motor, or both
References
Craniofacial Anomalies Booklet
Maggie Coley
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Transcript
Craniofacial Anomalies
Alyssa Parker, Maggie Coley, Gracie Smith
CONTENT
Craniofacial Anomalies
Cleft Palate
Pierre Robin Sequence
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Dysphagia
Referrals
What is a craniofacial anomaly?Deformities that affect a child's head and facial bones. These disorders are typically present at birth and can range from mild-severe. Common craniofacial anomalies include: - cleft lip/palate - hemifacial microsomia - vascular malformation - hemangioma
Symptoms: - vary by condition Causes: - genetics - environmental - folic acid deficiency Treatment Options: *Depends on the individual, but if worsens, contact: - pediatric neurosurgeon - general neurosurgeon - craniofacial surgeon - craniofacial anomalies team
Craniofacial Anomalies
Treatment - surgery- close the opening between the nose and mouth - help create a palate that works well for speech - prevent food and liquid from leaking out of the nose Other health problems that can cooccur: - trouble breathing - frequent ear infections - trouble feeding - hearing loss - eye problems - speech problems
What is Cleft Palate?Cleft Palate is when a baby is born with an opening in the roof of their mouth. This leaves a hole between the nose and the mouth. A baby with cleft palate may have: - only a cleft palate - only a cleft lip - both a cleft lip and palate What causes cleft palate? - genetic factors - environmental factors
Cleft Palate
What is PRS?A condition in which your baby has a small jaw (micrognathia), a tongue that falls back toward the throat (glossoptosis) and upper airway obstruction. A U-shaped opening in the roof of the mouth is also common. What does PRS affect? PRS is a congenital condition, meaning it is present at birth. It may occur alone or alongside numerous conditions.
Symptoms: - underdeveloped jaw and small chin - tongue posteriorly positioned - high-arched palate - natal teeth - dysphagia - temporary hearing loss Cause: - Unknown Treatment Options: *Depends on severity - sleep on belly - air flow through a nasal tube - surgery
Pierre Robin Sequence
Treatment:- using medications to treat some symptoms - undergoing behavior and education therapy training the parent to best help your child Does FAS ever go away? FAS never goes away. The symptoms of this condition will be with the person throughout their entire life. Secondary effects of FAS: - metal health problems - spending time in a mental-health facility - acting out in inappropriate ways - having difficulty in one's life
What is FAS?FAS is a condition that develops in a fetus when a pregnant person drinks alcohol during pregnancy . How does alcohol interfere with development? - kills cells in different parts of the fetus - interferes with the traveling of cells - constricts blood vessels - toxic byproducts are produced when the body processes alcohol
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Medical Consequences: - aspiration pneumonia - dehydration - undernutrition Psychosocial Consequences: - limit social interactions changes in lifestyle - changes in diet - additional stress - family members affected Treatment Options: *Depends on type/severity - learning exercises/swallowing techniques - surgery - diet
What is Dysphagia?A medical term for difficulty swallowing. It can be a painful condition. In some cases, swallowing is impossible. Symptoms: - pain when swallowing - not being able to swallow - food is "stuck" - drooling - heartburn - weight loss - coughing/gagging when swallowing - regurgitation - stomach acid backing up in the throat
Dysphagia
Referrals
- Nutritionist: to assess, diagnose, and treat dietary and nutritional problems - Oral Maxiofacial Surgeon: to discuss potential surgical options and complications - Otolaryngologist: to treat a condition affecting your ears, nose, and throat - Respiratory Therapist: to give the patient oxygen, manage ventilations, and administer drugs to the lungs - Pediatrician: to treat the health and wellbeing of your child - Plastic Surgery: to reconstruct the facial tissue due to birth disorders - Feeding Therapist: to determine if your child's issues are sensory, motor, or both
References