Muscular and skeletal system

MUSCULAR AND SKELETAL SYSTEM

Isabella herrerafredy llanten daniela álvarez andrey cobos karen hernández hanny daza

LET´S START

functions of skeletal system

The skeletal system has a number of functions, including:

• Protection of vital organs:Bones protect important internal organs, such as the brain, heart, and lungs, from injury and damage.

• Structural support:It supports the weight of the body and provides structure.

• Movement and locomotion:Allows movement by providing points of articulation for muscles.

• Production of blood cells:The bone marrow, found inside certain bones, is the site where blood cells are produced

Organs of the skeletal system

There are two sets of bones in the skeletal system which are the axial skeleton and the laryngeal skeleton.

CRAnium

The axial skeletal system is made up of the rib cage, the vertebral column, and the laryngeal skeleton.

Clavicle

Ribs

HUMERUS

spine

Ulna

hip bone

Radius

phalanges

The laryngeal skeletal system is formed by the hyoid bone.

femur

patella

fibula

tibia

phalanges

case of study

Gwyneth Kate Paltrol Osteopenia What is Osteopenia? It´s the loss of bone mass density What happened? She had an accident where she suffered a severe fracture in her tibial plateau. Osteopenia is reversible, but it should be carefully managed to prevent it from progressing into osteoporosis. This disease caused her bones to lose their density and become fragile.

Tibial plateau

CASE OF STUDY. SKELETAL SYSTEM

Cause: Inadequate calcium and vitamin D levels for proper bone growth development. Consequence: This disease has the potential to progress into osteoporosis.

innermost and outermost part of skeletal system

skull

sesamoid bone

functions of muscular system

The muscular system has a number of functions, including:

• Movement:Muscles are responsible for generating force to allow movement of the joints and the entire body.

• Protection of internal organs:Some muscles, such as the abdominal muscles and pelvic floor muscles, protect internal organs by keeping them in place and providing support.

• Control of body temperature:During muscle contraction, heat is generated as a byproduct, helping to regulate body temperature.

• Blood circulation:Contraction of skeletal muscles compresses blood vessels, aiding in maintaining blood circulation and venous return to the heart.

organs of the muscular system

Frontalis

Orbicularis oculi

Masseter

Nazalis

Orbicularis oris

Trapezius

Esternoceidomastoid

Deltoid

Pectoralis major

Triceps

Biceps

Latissimus dorsi

Rectus abdominus

Gluteus maximus

External oblique

Queadriceps

Hamstring

Gastrocnemius

Tibialis

Achilles tendom

case of study

Neymar Da Silva Santos Junior He suffered a fracture in the ligament tear He had a severe injury during a South American World Cup Qualifier soccer match against Uruguay. Pathology: A tear in the anterior cruciate ligament in the left leg. Studies revealed that he has a torn anterior cruciate ligament and meniscus in his left knee, what affects knee stability

innermost muscle : skeletal muscle

epymisium

perymisium

muscle fibre

tendon

layers

functions

fascicle

bone

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epymisium and endomysium layer

The outermost connective tissue sheath surrounding the entire muscle is known as epimysium. The connective tissue sheath covering each fasciculus is known as perimysium, and the innermost sheath surrounding individual muscle fibers is known as endomysium. Each muscle fiber is comprised of some myofibrils containing multiple myofilaments.

function

The function of the skull is both structurally supportive and protective. Protects:

• the cerebrum
• cerebellum
• brainstem
• and orbits.

• moving
• sustaining body posture and position
• maintaining body temperature
• storing nutrients
• stabilizing joints.

Skeletal muscle comprises approximately 40% of the human body weight and contains 50 to 75% of all body proteins (are the most common muscles in your body)

outermost bones

Accessory bones, a variety of supernumerary bones, are anatomical variations that express the separation of a normal ossification center from the set of centers that will give rise to a bone, in such a way that said center becomes independent and grows as an individual bone.

• Sesamoid bone.
• Sutural bones.
• Supernumerary bones.