MODAL VERBS
What are modal verbs?
When do we use modal verbs?
What are the rules for modal verbs?
1. SAME FORM FOR ALL SUBJECTS
Iyou he she must it we they
He musts
2. NO AUXILIARY VERB FOR NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE FORMS
I should...
I shouldn't...
or... should I?
They don't can... Does she must?
3. MODALS ARE FOLLOWED BY THE INFINITIVE WITHOUT TO (BASE FORM) OF THE MAIN VERB
I must to go now
EXCEPTIONS!!!!
ABILITY
CAN /CAN'T / COULD
- Jack can't swim (inability)
- I couldn't do it easily (past inability)
OBLIGATION & PROHIBITION
MUST / MUSTN'T HAVE TO / DON'T HAVE TO
But... what is the difference???
Have to is a normal verbMust is a modal verb
PAST
INFINITIVE
PAST PARTICIPLE
PRESENT
had to
have/has to
to have to
had to
must
Have to: + it changes in the 3rd person singular He has to study hard - / ? it needs the auxiliary DO / DOES He doesn't have to study hard Does he have to study hard? Must: + it doesn't change in the 3rd person singular because it's a modal - / ? it doesn't need the auxiliary DO / DOES He must do his homework He mustn't do his homework Must he do his homework?
HAVE TO and MUST are used to talk about things that are necessary to do and obligation, but...
Have to → external obligation (it comes from outside the speaker; laws / rules / facts, not opinions). My doctor told me I have to quit smoking He has to wear a suit at the meeting You have to be eighteen to get your driving licence Must → internal or personal obligation (it comes from the speaker, from his opinion about what it is necessary to do). I must quit smoking He must buy a suit for the meeting → strong advice He must go for a walk with his dog at least once a day If you go to Spain, you must try paella. I
In the negative form, DON'T HAVE TO and MUSTN'T are completely different in meaning...
Don't have to → lack of obligation and necessity You don't have to wait here He doesn't have to come with me Mustn't → prohibition You mustn't wait here They mustn't shout in the class You mustn't skip a traffic light
It is common on public signs and notices informing people of rules and laws
You mustn't smoke here!
You mustn't park here!
...If you're still a bit confused, here's an example to clear your mind...
In a non-smoking area you mustn’t smoke, but in a smoking area you don’t have to smoke, but you can if you want to.
SUGGESTIONS & ADVICE
SHOULD/ SHOULDN'T it's a modal verb it's the conditional form of the verb "dovere"
You should send an emailYou shouldn’t go by trainThere should be more street lights hereShe should study harderDo you think I should invite him to my party? Should I stay or should I go?
let's play on wordwall
https://wordwall.net/play/11061/660/978
https://wordwall.net/play/249/354/6279
To be continued...
Modal Verbs
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Transcript
MODAL VERBS
What are modal verbs?
When do we use modal verbs?
What are the rules for modal verbs?
1. SAME FORM FOR ALL SUBJECTS
Iyou he she must it we they
He musts
2. NO AUXILIARY VERB FOR NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE FORMS
I should...
I shouldn't...
or... should I?
They don't can... Does she must?
3. MODALS ARE FOLLOWED BY THE INFINITIVE WITHOUT TO (BASE FORM) OF THE MAIN VERB
I must to go now
EXCEPTIONS!!!!
ABILITY
CAN /CAN'T / COULD
OBLIGATION & PROHIBITION
MUST / MUSTN'T HAVE TO / DON'T HAVE TO
But... what is the difference???
Have to is a normal verbMust is a modal verb
PAST
INFINITIVE
PAST PARTICIPLE
PRESENT
had to
have/has to
to have to
had to
must
Have to: + it changes in the 3rd person singular He has to study hard - / ? it needs the auxiliary DO / DOES He doesn't have to study hard Does he have to study hard? Must: + it doesn't change in the 3rd person singular because it's a modal - / ? it doesn't need the auxiliary DO / DOES He must do his homework He mustn't do his homework Must he do his homework?
HAVE TO and MUST are used to talk about things that are necessary to do and obligation, but...
Have to → external obligation (it comes from outside the speaker; laws / rules / facts, not opinions). My doctor told me I have to quit smoking He has to wear a suit at the meeting You have to be eighteen to get your driving licence Must → internal or personal obligation (it comes from the speaker, from his opinion about what it is necessary to do). I must quit smoking He must buy a suit for the meeting → strong advice He must go for a walk with his dog at least once a day If you go to Spain, you must try paella. I
In the negative form, DON'T HAVE TO and MUSTN'T are completely different in meaning...
Don't have to → lack of obligation and necessity You don't have to wait here He doesn't have to come with me Mustn't → prohibition You mustn't wait here They mustn't shout in the class You mustn't skip a traffic light
It is common on public signs and notices informing people of rules and laws
You mustn't smoke here!
You mustn't park here!
...If you're still a bit confused, here's an example to clear your mind...
In a non-smoking area you mustn’t smoke, but in a smoking area you don’t have to smoke, but you can if you want to.
SUGGESTIONS & ADVICE
SHOULD/ SHOULDN'T it's a modal verb it's the conditional form of the verb "dovere"
You should send an emailYou shouldn’t go by trainThere should be more street lights hereShe should study harderDo you think I should invite him to my party? Should I stay or should I go?
let's play on wordwall
https://wordwall.net/play/11061/660/978
https://wordwall.net/play/249/354/6279
To be continued...