SC9-WEEK3-VECTORS AND 2D KINEMATICS

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Vectors and 2D kinematics

Motion

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Kinematics

Is the branch of mechanics that describes the characteristics of the movement.

Kinematics Movement and trajectory

Velocity

Acceleration

Speed

Speed is how fast something moves. It's a measure of how quickly an object changes its position over a certain amount of time. Speed can be calculated by dividing the distance traveled by the time it takes to travel that distance.

Velocity is similar to speed, but it also includes the direction of motion. It tells us not only how fast something is moving, but also in which direction. So, while speed is just the rate of change of distance, velocity is the rate of change of displacement (which includes direction) over time.

Acceleration is the rate at which an object's velocity changes over time. It occurs when an object speeds up, slows down, or changes direction. So, if an object is moving faster and faster, it's accelerating positively; if it's slowing down, it's accelerating negatively or decelerating.

Speed and Velocity

Original situation final situation

Original velocity(at rest)

Velocity after 8 sec?

acceleration = 6.5 m/s²

The speed that is a scalar magnitudes Velocity that is the vector magnitudes Length traveled for each unit of time

Original situation final situation

Original velocity(at rest)

Velocity after 8 sec?

acceleration = 6.5 m/s²

Speed and Average Velocity

Vectors

Vectors are quantities that have both magnitude (size) and direction. In simpler terms, they are like arrows that show both how far something goes and in which way it's going.

2D Kinematics

In 2D kinematics, we study the motion of objects in two dimensions, typically represented on a coordinate plane. We deal with motion both horizontally (along the x-axis) and vertically (along the y-axis).

This means we can analyze how fast it's moving side to side and up and down separately.

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Distance is how far an object has traveled, measured in units like meters or kilometers. It's the total length of the path traveled by the object from its starting point to its ending point.

For example, if a ball is thrown upwards and to the right, we can break its motion into two parts: how fast it's moving upwards (vertical component) and how fast it's moving to the right (horizontal component). Each of these components can be treated independently using the principles of one-dimensional kinematics (like equations for constant velocity or acceleration). By combining these components, we can understand the object's overall motion in two dimensions.

SC.912.P.12.1 Distinguish between scalar and vector quantities and assess which should be used to describe an event.SC.912.P.12.10 Interpret the behavior of ideal gases in terms of kinetic molecular theory.SC.912.P.12.11 Describe phase transitions in terms of kinetic molecular theory. SC.912.P.12.3 Interpret and apply Newton's three laws of motion.

Is the change of position that some bodies experience in respect to others.

Motion

Displacement is the straight-line distance and direction from the starting point to the ending point of an object's motion. It's like measuring how far away you are from where you started, regardless of the path you took to get there. Unlike distance, displacement considers both the length and direction of the path traveled. 150km in 3 hours is v= d/t