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Intro to the Immune System

jabazpeitia

Created on March 19, 2024

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Transcript

Introduction to the immune system

Adaptive Immunity

Pathogens

Specific response to a particular antigen (antibodies)

An infectious diease causing agent: Bacteria, Fungi, Virus, etc.

Content Objective: Define pathogens, and explain the responses of the immune system Language Objectives: Read and write about the immune system Share in cooperative groups about the immune system

Innate Immunity

Non specific response to pathogens attempt to block them all

Innate Response

  • Rapid response
  • Present before exposure
  • Short response
  • No immune memory

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Mucus Membrane

Continuous with the skin at body openings such as the eyes, ears, inside the nose, inside the mouth, lip, vagina, the urethral opening and the anus. Cells secrete a sticky mucus that traps microbes and particles before they can get deeper into the body. Goblet cells in the mucous membrane lining secrete a glycoprotein molecule called mucin. Mucin mixes with water to form mucous. Mucus is sticky and traps pathogens before they can infect the body.

Skin

Physical barrier with chemical secretions that keep hazardous organisms and materials outside the body

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Mechanical Actions

-Shedding of skin cells: 14 days (fun fact: every minute we lose about 30,000 to 40,000 skin cells -Mucociliary Sweeping: ciliated cells of the mucus membrane sweep out mucus and trapped microbes -Coughing: propels air and particles out of the lungs and throat at 50 mph -Peristalsis: contraction and relaxation of muscles to flush pathogens into the intestine -Vomiting and Diarrhea: Remove toxins and pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract -Flushing of bodily fluids: urine, tears, saliva, prespiration, and blood

Adaptive Response

  • Slower response to pathogen
  • Requires exposure to the antigen
  • Longer duration in response
  • An immune memory is built