gerunds and infinitives: revision 5th level

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES

5TH LEVEL

USES OF THE GERUND

WE USE THE GERUND...

WHEN THE VERB IS THE SUBJECT OF THE SENTENCE

• I think eating vegetables and doing exercise is important for your health

AFTER PREPOSITIONS (except preposition ''to'')

• I'm good at remembering names.
• Thanks for waiting for me.

But... pleased to meet you.

AFTER CERTAIN EXPRESSIONS:

look forward to, be/get used to, it’s worth, it’s no use, it’s no good, there’s no point (in), can’t help…

• I can't help falling in love with you...
• I'm looking forward to seeing you.

and after certain verbs...

• Verbs of like and dislike: love, can’t stand, hate, enjoy… You can use an infinitive too.

Which sport do you like? I like swimming.(In general) I like to swim in the mornings.(Particular situation)

• Other verbs: avoid, contemplate, delay, deny, escape, excuse, face, finish, involve, mind, miss, postpone, practise, risk, spend, suggest...
• Careful: would like (‘d like)+ to infinitive

LIST OF VERBS

some verbs take the bare infinitive (without ''to'')

When passive we use ''to'': I was made to slow down.

some verbs can take either a gerund or an infinitive with a change of meaning

REMEMBER AND FORGET

TRY

REGRET

MEAN

STOP

NEED

go to inf

REMEMBER AND FORGET

DID YOU DO THE ACTION?

• I remember locking the door when I went out.

(past activity that has been done, you have the memory , the action of locking comes before remembering)

• Remember to post the letter when you go out.

(refers to the future, the action has NOT been done yet)

• I forgot to lock the door when I went out.

• Don’t forget to post the letter when you go out.

(activities that have NOT been done)

• I’ll never forget meeting Orlando Bloom.

Back

REGRET

• The criminal regretted killing the old lady.
• The criminal regretted having killed the old lady.(past activity that has been done)

• I regret to tell you that we can’t offer you the job.

= I'm sorry to tell you...

Back

hOW MANY ACTIONS ARE THERE?

STOP

• He stopped smoking because he was coughing too much. ( one activity = give up= finish= abandon)

• He stopped to have a coffee during his break. (Two activities: he stopped working to have a coffee)

Back

TRY

• The soup was tasteless, so I tried adding more salt. (kind of experiment)

• The suitcase was too heavy but I tried to carry it home. (make the effort)

Back

MEAN

• Having a healthy lifestyle means eating fruit and doing exercise.(implies, signifies)

• I didn’t mean to hurt your feelings. (It wasn’t my intention)

Back

NEED

• This jacket needs cleaning. (=passive: needs to be cleaned).

• I need to study hard to pass the final exam.

Back

USES OF THE infinitive

WE USE THE infinitive...

AFTER AN ADJECTIVE

• It's difficult for students to understand ''gerunds and infinitives''.

AFTER WH -QUESTION WORDS(what, how...) AND anything, something, anyone...

• I don't know what to do. I don't have anything to eat.

AFTER SUPERLATIVES OR ORDINAL NUMBERS:

• He was the first to arrive.
• This is the most important site to visit in England.

INFINITIVE OF PURPOSE:

• He wanted to study English to find a better job.

AFTER CERTAIN VERBS:

Afford, agree, aim, want...

• I can't afford to buy a new car.

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Aquí puedes poner un título destacado

Con las plantillas de Genially podrás incluir recursos visuales para dejar a tu audiencia con la boca abierta. También destacar alguna frase o dato concreto que se quede grabado a fuego en la memoria de tu público e incluso embeber contenido externo que sorprenda: vídeos, fotos, audios... ¡Lo que tú quieras!

Aquí puedes poner un título destacado

Con las plantillas de Genially podrás incluir recursos visuales para dejar a tu audiencia con la boca abierta. También destacar alguna frase o dato concreto que se quede grabado a fuego en la memoria de tu público e incluso embeber contenido externo que sorprenda: vídeos, fotos, audios... ¡Lo que tú quieras! ¿Necesitas más motivos para crear contenidos dinámicos? Bien: el 90% de la información que asimilamos nos llega a través de la vista y, además, retenemos un 42% más de información cuando el contenido se mueve.