FRE1120 - 1.5 Grammaire

FRE1120: Beginning French I

La Vie de Famille

Les Verbs en -ER et Les Contractions

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| Les Verbs en -ER

Les Verbs en -ER

• The very basic form of a verb is called the infinitive.

• The majority of French verbs end in -er and follow the same conjugation pattern as aimer.

• In the present tense, these verbs are made of 2 components:

STEM + ENDING

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| Les Verbs en -ER

Pronunciation Hints

• In travailler, the letters aill sound like the English "eye".

• Also note that because the initial h in habiter is silent, je contracts to j'.
• This applies to all verbs beginning with vowels
• Ex: étudier, écouter, acheter, inviter

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| Les Verbs en -ER

Additional Spelling Changes

• Some -er verbs like préférer, acheter, and appeler have a spelling change in their present-tense forms before the silent endings (-e, -es, -ent).

• Verbs like manger and commencer have a spelling change in the nous form.

| Les Contractions

Les Contractions

• You have already learned how to express relationships using possessive adjectives such as mon and votre.

• To express a relationship to someone using that person's name, use the preposition de + name.
• This is equivalent of -'s in English.

• To express a relationship to a person who is not named directly, use de + definite article + noun.

| Les Contractions

Les Contractions

CONTRACTION

de + le du

NO CONTRACTION

de + la = de la

du café

de la plage

de l'école

des magasins

de + l' = de l'

de + les des

Des has two meanings: 1. Indefinite article (some) 2. Contraction of de + les (of the)

FRE1120: Beginning French I

C'est Tout!

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It's Paul's sister's cat

C'est le chat de la sœur de Paul.

Uncle Victor's wife is 43 years old.

La femme de l'oncle Victor a 43 ans.

Les Verbes en -ER

The STEM does not change, it is the ENDING that changes with the subject. To conjugate these verbs, drop the -er (the ENDING) from the STEM and add either: -e, -es, -ons, -ez, -ent.

INFINITIVE

STEM

PRESENT TENSE CONJUGATION

Travailler

ENDINGS

Habiter

Travaill-

Habit-

Je travaille Tu travailles Il/Elle travaille Nous travaillons Vous travaillez Ils/Elles travaillent

J'habite Tu habites Il/Elle habite Nous habitons Vous habitez Ils/Elles habitent

-e -es -e -ons -ez -ent

Common -ER Verbs

Diner to eat dinner Donner to give Écouter to listen Inviter to invite Jouer to play Manger to eat Nager to swim

Parler to talk Regarder to watch Reconter to meet Rentrerto return, come back (home) Rester to stay Voyager to travel

Chanter to sing Chercher to look for; to go get Cuisiner to cook Danser to dance Déjeuner to eat lunch Dessiner to draw