English IV

Modal verbs

Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia (UNAD) English IV Veronica Tatiana Lopez Garavito

Warm-up

https://app-sorteos.com/wheel/VGV79J

What are modal verbs?

Some of them can be used for hypothetical situations

Have to is used for obligations.

They can be used to express future actions.

Can is used as an ability and as a permission similarly than may and might which can be used for posibilities.

info

info

You can use them for kindnesses.

Examples

They have to finish that project.

How to use Must

These refer to abilities and conditions.

I could buy that sweater for you.

It is used for obligations as have to, so when you are in a certain situation where you do not have any chances or there will be really bad consequences for not doing that, in that case you use this modal verb for obligations.

He should go to the doctor.

You would appreciate to meet my grandma.

Modal verbs for possibilities

They are identified as the ones that describe a situation where there are some probabilities, so it is not 100% sure.

For instance:

I may paint your nails, they do not look ok, but firstly you need to buy the nailpolish. I would take the bus, but it is raining. First conditional: I might sleep well, as long as I do not want to have eye bags.

How to use conditionals for modal verbs

The second conditional is used for hypothetical situations, as something that is difficult to happen.

Example

In the 2nd conditional: -If I had 1k followers on ig, I could take an advantage to sell my products. -I would quit my job, when I got a new one with a great paid for about 2 thousand dollars.

Third conditional

This is used for regrets, for not having taken the correct decision in the past, for having loosing an opportunity.

Example:

If I had remembered to bring the cake for the birthday party, people wouldn't have been angry with me. I would have gone to the meeting, only if I had been for free that day.

When do we use should?

We use should in a situation where we need to behave ethically or when we know what is correct to do, taking into account that there will be consequences for not doing it.

For example:

-It is a really sunny day, I should use sun cream to go out. -I should not make fun of him.

Notes

You need to use modal verbs for first, second and third conditional, paying attention to the intention of the message and to the background to analyze the information. You can create questions with modal verbs as well: What would you do, if you noticed that someone does not have any idea that is wearing shoes in a different color? Could you finish the vacational course?

Activity

Write some sentences using modal verbs.

Will as a modal verb

You can use will as a probability and you are pretty sure about it. For example: You are an unlucky person, you will not win the raffle.

Practice

https://app-sorteos.com/play/ae6s8tPg

Watch the following video

https://youtu.be/skqj4jOSQU4?feature=shared

References

William G. Lycan. (2005) The Syntax of Conditional Sentences. In Real Conditionals (pp. 1-15). OUP Oxford. https://bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.a spx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=271780&lang=es&site=edslive&scope=site&ebv=EB&ppid=pp_2 Prasoon, S. (2015). Modal Auxiliary Verbs or Modals. In English Grammar and Usage: Read Swiftly, Speak Fluently and Write Correctly. V&S Publishers. https://bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.a spx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=1586151&lang=es&site=edslive&scope=site&ebv=EK&ppid=Page-__-51

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