Shoah - interactive presentation

auschwitz

These works – explains the street artist AleXsandro Palombo – “are a visual stumbling block that force us to see what we no longer see. The most terrible things can become reality and art has the duty to remember them because it is a powerful antidote to the risks of 'oblivion. We must transmit the horror of the Jewish genocide to the new generations without filters to protect humanity from other horrors such as the Shoah."

Platform 21 The Simpsons' deportation to Auschwitz, Alexsandro Palumbo, Milan

Anne Frank primary school, Florence, January 2022, III A students of the high school pictorial-sculptural specialization course

Street art celebrates Anne Frank and commemorates Remembrance Day with a mural. The work was inaugurated at a school in Florence, which bears the name of the young Jewish girl who died in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp and who left her famous diary as a legacy to the world.

Frnancesco Donati & Simone Recchiuti 3A

A RIGHTEOUS ONE AMONG THE NATIONS: GINO BARTALI

Tommaso Boldrini Classe 3D

WHO ARE THE RIGHTEOUS AMONG THE NATIONS?

The term “Righteous” is taken from the Talmud passage which states: “he who saves one life saves the whole world”. It was applied for the first time by Holocaust Mueum "Yad Vashem" in Jerusalem, in reference to those who saved the Jews during the Nazi persecution in Europe.

Telling their stories is a way to remind everyone that they can always get involved and intervene in defense of a fundamental right.

The Righteous save, welcome, testify, and express their humanity in helping another human being.

The Garden of the Righteous

Lest we forget the good

The Garden of the Righteous of the World celebrates all the Righteous with a plant. The idea of ​​planting a tree and therefore of generating a life, takes up that of having given a man the possibility to save himself, to be able to live and bear witness to subsequent generations about the good received.

Gino Bartali, a hero in sport and in life

Gino Bartali, born in Florence in 1914, was a famous cycling champion, winner of three Tours of Italy (in 1936, 1937 and 1946) and two Tours de France (in 1938 and 1948).

Why is Bartali right?

Bartali, who was known to cover great distances for training, carried false documents in the handlebars and saddle of his bicycle, and then delivered them to the families of those persecuted between Florence and Assisi.

But also for...

…having saved the Goldenberg family, whom the champion met for the first time in Fiesole in 1941.

"Whoever saves one life saves the whole world "

from the Talmud

THE SYMBOLS OF THE FIELDS

The symbols of the Nazi concentration camps, mainly colours, letters, numbers, were part of a semiological system of identification of the concentration camp prisoners. The marking coding system served to classify prisoners, generally into groups based on the reasons for their arrest. The symbols were made of fabric, buckled on the uniform, defined by the prisoners as a Zebra motif uniform due to the alternating light and dark stripes on the jacket, at chest level on the left and on the trousers at right thigh level. The criteria for identifying internees, however, varied depending on the places of detention and the passage of time. There were also some particular symbols in addition to the colored triangles...

Gaia Tomassetti 2A

Songs that tell the story

The song of the child in the wind

ANNA CANOFARI 2D

What inspired Guccini?

The song was written in 1964 when Guccini was listening to Bob Dylan's album which contains the song "Blowin' in the wind"

Auschwitz

Guccini included the song in the Folk collection n. 1 only after Equipe 84 sang it. Nomadi covered it on the album Ma che film la vita. In 1994 Rod MacDonald reinterpreted it. In 2019 Elisa also covered it.

Versions

Nomadi

Equipe 84

Elisa

Rod MacDonald

The poetry of the text

The song is divided into two parts. The first is about a child...

There was snow in Auschwitz, The smoke rose slowly In the cold day in winter And now I'm in the wind, And now I'm in the wind

In Auschwitz many people, but just one great silence. It's strange I still can't smile here in the wind, smile here in the wind...

I died with a hundred others, I died when I was a child, passed through the chimney and now I'm in the wind.

It presents the theme of the death of the most fragile: their bodies are burned, their souls go up in smoke.

It evokes those killed, especially children: a symbol of collective pain

The smoke from the gas chambers evokes, by contrast, the distant familiar environment: home.

The poetry of the text

...in the second part of the song the poet's voice intervenes

I ask how man can Kill one of his brothers Yet there are millions of us In dust here in the wind, In dust here in the wind

Guccini wonders how it is possible for men to kill each other

The ending: two versions

That of Equipe 84:

That of Francesco Guccini:

“When will man be able to learn to live without killing?”

"The cannon still thunders, the human beast is still not happy with blood, and the wind still brings us, and the wind still brings us"

This question was asked in 1964 and it still happens today. The song closes with the verse: The wind will cease

They explain that there are still conflicts today

PrIMO LEVI

If this is a man

GIUSEPPE DENTINI Classe 3D

LIVE to tell, WRITE so as not to forget

Primo Levi, deported to Auschwitz in 1944

A CHEMIST DEVOTED TO LITERATURE

He was born in 1919 in Turin to a Jewish family. He graduated in chemistry in 1941, despite the racial laws.

His need to write arose from the necessity to recount the atrocities of the events he experienced so that they never happen again.

“If understanding is impossible, knowing is necessary.”

IF THIS IS A MAN

Written in 1947, the work narrates the horror and progressive loss of humanity inside the Auschwitz concentration camp, a hell that swallows up the deportees who enter it.

The title asks a fundamental question about the nature of humanity in such an extreme and inhuman context.

In the narrated pages you can feel all the suffering he endured due to the horrors he witnessed.

The work makes us reflect on the nature of evil, on collective responsibility and on the consequences of indifference.

"You who live safely in your warm homes, you who find hot food and friendly faces when you return in the evening: consider if this is a man who works in the mud, who knows no peace, who fights for a piece of bread, who dies for a yes or no. Consider if this is a woman, Without hair and without a name Without the strength to remember Your eyes are empty and your womb is cold Like a frog in winter. Meditate that this was: I command you these words. Carve them in your heart Staying at home, going away, Going to bed and getting up; Repeat them to your children. Or your house will fall apart, May illness hinder you, Your children will turn their faces away from you.”

SHEMÀ

It is a word in hebrew (שמע) which means “LISTEN”

EN

IT

Auschwitz is outside of us, but it is around us. The plague has died down, but the infection is spreading.

On 19 January 2018 she was appointed senator for life by the President of the Italian Republic for her commitment to her country. She also published a book entitled "Until my star shines".

Liliana Segre

Liliana Segre is an activist and survivor of the Shoah.

From 1938 she suffered, along with her family, the consequences of the racial laws imposed by Mussolini and at the age of thirteen she was deported to the Auschwitz concentration camp.

Alessandra Ioannucci 3B

“I was thirteen years old. I was also very afraid, but in those moments I still didn't believe that a place like Auschwitz could exist.”

"Anyone who has been to Auschwitz has smelled the smell of burning flesh for years: you can't get it off you anymore. And then you always remain that number."

"This is my bookmark of the future: knowing the history of your time to avoid falling back into certain errors and horrors, opening your mind to the authentic value of terms such as “tolerance”, “welcome”, “interculturality”, “solidarity” ."

Liliana Segre in senato

THE STUMBLING STONES

The stumbling blocks are an initiative by the German artist Gunter Demnig to spread the memory of the citizens deported to the Nazi extermination camps in European cities. These stones were placed in all European countries that were occupied during World War II by the Nazis.

Elettra Cicchetti 3B

They consist of incorporating brass-covered stone blocks the size of cobblestones into the streets of the cities in front of the homes of the deported victims. On which the name of the person, the year of birth, the date and place of deportation and the date of death are engraved. The initiative started in Cologne in 1992 and led to the installation of over 71,000 stones.

Gunter Demnig

giulio della pergola

Giulio Della Pergola, citizen of L'Aquila of Jewish origin.

On 30 January 1944 he was deported with convoy no. 6 which left from platform 21 of Milan Central Station and arrived in the Auschwitz concentration camp, where he died in a gas chamber on 6 February 1944.

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THE CONCENTRATION CAMPS

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concentration camps

Between 1933 and 1945, Nazi Germany and their allies created more than 40,000 concentration camps and other prison facilities, used for a variety of purposes, including forced labor, the detention of those considered enemies of the state, and the mass elimination of prisoners.

Auschwitz

Vittoria Sette 3B

HOW THEY WERE STRUCTURED

The camps were organized into areas: there was the hospital, the kitchen, the Gestapo office, the prison, the area reserved for experiments and the department of crematoriums. Nearby there were the barracks of the deportees divided between men and women, with three-storey bunk beds, a wash house and latrines.

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The concentration camps in Italy

• Il campo della Risiera San Sabba
• Il campo di Fossoli
• Il campo di Bolzano
• Il campo di Ferramonti
• Il campo di Borgo San Dalmazzo

Sofia Mancini 3C

The concentration camps are the symbol of Hitler's plan to eliminate Jews, Roma, homosexuals and political opponents. We can identify 5 types:

• Labor camps
• Transit camps
• Detention camps
• Concentration camps
• Extermination camps

Auschwitz

Once they arrived at Auschwitz, the deportees had their luggage confiscated. Some of the arrivals were destined for forced labor, while old people and children were taken to the showers in the gas chambers. In the locker rooms, people were divided based on sex and then stripped, then they were made to go in rooms resembling a collective shower. As soon as they entered they were locked inside and Zyklon B was released, a toxic gas that kills within minutes. Forced laborers moved bodies into crematoriums and cleaned gas chambers for people who would arrive later.

Hitler and his project

Before committing suicide he asked to continue his project.

Nazism prefigures a world dominated by a chosen race purified of imperfections

Hitler came to power in 1933.

For him there were superior and inferior races and Judaism was a virus: he wanted to eliminate the Jews.

The Concentration Camps

Each concentration camp had a different purpose, and the categories the prisoners were put in determined which camp they would go to.

The first concentration camp was Dachau, established in March 1933 in Germany, in the Lander of Bavaria.

There were more than 42,000 concentration camps that constituted the Nazi death factory.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

The teachers: Arianna Feliciani Nicolina Iannini Natalia Marinangeli Sandra Montorselli Fabrizio Zotti Daniela Natania Della Riccia

The students: Canofari Anna Tommaso Boldrini Elettra Cicchetti Giuseppe Dentini Francesco Donati Alessandra Ioannucci Sofia Mancini Simone Recchiuti Vittoria Sette Gaia Tomassetti

The poem, in free verse, opens the novel "If This Is a Man". Levi makes a strong appeal to the reader to pay attention to what he is about to read and to fix the chilling testimony of the Shoah in his memory.

It invites the reader to preserve memory and awareness of what happened in the camps. In the ending the poet touches the tone of the curse, which will strike those who do not preserve their memory.

Levi describes images of the degradation of camp life which overturn the atmosphere of tranquility and security described in the first verses.