CONDITIONALS- practice

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

START

INTRODUCTION

ZERO CONDITIONAL

FIRST CONDITIONAL

SECOND CONDITIONAL

THIRD CONDITIONAL

PRACTICE

What are conditional sentences?

IF condition -> result

If it rains, we will stay at home

Structure

Conditional sentences have 2 parts

If it rains ,

IF CLAUSE

RESULT

we will stay at home

We will stay at home

if it rains

IF CLAUSE

RESULT

ZERO CONDITIONAL

ZERO CONDITIONAL

If you water a plant, it grows

If you drink poison, you die

If you heat ice , it melts

Use

100% certain

• Universal truths
• Facts
• Laws

Structure

If+ present simple, present simple

+ info

First conditional

FIRST CONDITIONAL

I'll be happy if you come to my party

If you pass the exam, you won't be sad

If you see Mary, will you tell her?

Use

90% certain

• Future

• real conditions

Structure

If+ present simple, future simple (will/ won't)

+ info

VARIANTS

We can also use the first conditional with:

MODALS: CAN/ MAY/ MIGHT

• You can/ may leave the classroom if you finish the test
• You can't go to the party unless you finish your homework
• We might go to the beach if it's summy tomorrow

Imperatives

• If you finish eating, clean the kitchen
• If the food is cold, put it in the microwave

SECOND CONDITIONAL

SECOND CONDITIONAL

If I lived in France, I would speak French

If you slept more, you would be happier

If I were the president of the country, tomorrow it would be a national holiday

Use

0% certain

• Unreal situations
• Hypothesis

Structure

If+ past simple, would/ wouldn't+ infinitive

+ info

VARIANTS

We can also use the second conditional with:

Could

• If he trained every day, he could win the race
• If I had a little more money, I could buy a car

Might- probability

• If I won the lottery, I might give all the money to charity
• If I didn't work, it might be quite boring

THIRD CONDITIONAL

THIRD CONDITIONAL

If you had been more carefull, you wouldn't have had an accident

If I had known, I would have told you

I would have taken a photo if I had brought my camera with me

Use

0% certain

• Hypothesis in the past
• Regrets
• Unreal conditions

Structure

If+ past perfect, would have+ participle

+ info

SUMMARY

Revision

1. (First conditional) If we __________________ (not / work) harder, we __________________ (not pass) the exam.

2. (Third conditional) If the students __________________ (not be) late for the exam, they__________________ (pass).

3. (Third conditional) If the weather __________________ (not be) so cold, we __________________ (go) to the beach

4. (Second conditional) If she __________________ (have) her laptop with her, she __________________ (email) me

5. (First conditional) If she __________________ (not go) to the meeting, I __________________ (not go) either.

Revision

1. (First conditional) If we DON'T WORK harder, we WON'T PASS the exam.

2. (Third conditional) If the students HADN'T BEEN late for the exam, they WOULD HAVE PASSED

3. (Third conditional) If the weather HADN'T BEEN so cold, we WOULD HAVE GONE to the beach

4. (Second conditional) If she HAD her laptop with her, she WOULD EMAIL me

5. (First conditional) If she DOESN'T GO to the meeting, I WON'T GO either.

UNLESS

Instead of IF we can use Unless to express a negative condition

• If we don't eat, we will be angry -> Unless we eat, we will be angry
• If it doesn't rain, the plants die-> Unless it rains the plants die
• If the teacher doesn't explain it, we won't know what to do -> unless the teacher explains it, we won't know what to do