Chapter 9 Lesson 2&3

Chapter 9

The Federalist Era

Lesson 2 Early Challenges and Lesson 3 The First Political Parties

1. Federalism = sharing power between the federal and state governments. 2.Federal government can now tax, regulate trade, control currency, raise an army, declare war AND PASS LAWS WHEN “NECESSARY AND PROPER?? 3. The Constitution and laws of Congress are the “Supreme law of the land,” meaning that states cant make laws that contradict federal laws.

D. Problems with Europe

1. In 1789, France had their own Revolution, inspired by America's revolution. However, this revolution turned very bloody and violent. Some Americans supported this revolution and some did not. 2. In 1793 Britain went to war with France. Some Americans sympathized with the French and wanted to support them...after all they helped America in our war. Some Americans supported Britain and wanted to aid them. Washington wants to remain Neutral

1. Federalism = sharing power between the federal and state governments. 2.Federal government can now tax, regulate trade, control currency, raise an army, declare war AND PASS LAWS WHEN “NECESSARY AND PROPER?? 3. The Constitution and laws of Congress are the “Supreme law of the land,” meaning that states cant make laws that contradict federal laws.

E. Washington struggles to remain Neutral

1. The French pressured US to join their side. They send Edmond Genet to ask for American volunteers.2. Washington issued the "Proclamation of Neutrality" which prohibits Americans from fighting on either side. 3. The British took it one step further by capturing American ships, stealing the sailors, and forcing them to fight on British navy ships. (IMPRESSMENT)

1. Federalism = sharing power between the federal and state governments. 2.Federal government can now tax, regulate trade, control currency, raise an army, declare war AND PASS LAWS WHEN “NECESSARY AND PROPER?? 3. The Constitution and laws of Congress are the “Supreme law of the land,” meaning that states cant make laws that contradict federal laws.

E. Washington struggles to remain Neutral

4. Washington send John Jay to make a treaty with the British. In the treaty it mentions nothing about Impressment and only says the British will withdraw from British soil. 5. Washington and Americans were skeptical but Jays Treaty was passed by the Senate.

F. Pickney's Treaty with Spain

1. Spain was Nervous about Jay's treaty and thought that England and US would tag up against them in America. 2. Diplomat Thomas Pinckney is sent to Spain and in 1795 Pickney's Treaty is created that gives Americans free navigation of the Miss. River and the right to trade at NEW ORLEANS!!! (DISNEY WORLD GATE??)

G. Washington Leaves Office

1. After 8 years in office, Washington does not run a 3rd term. This sets a precedent for all other presidents following him. (Except for 1?) 2. Washington leaves and gives 2 pieces of advice. Do not make permanent Alliances with other nations, and do not have political parties.

Chapter 9

The Federalist Era

Lesson 3 The First Political Parties

A. Opposing Parties

1. Washington liked and agreed with Hamilton’s decisions for our country. 2. However, Jefferson disagreed and two political parties were beginning to form. 3. It is natural for people to disagree on key issues. Hamilton and Jefferson disagreed on many issues like economic policy, Foreign Relations, Power of the Federal Gov, and what is Constitutional or not. 4. Washington said he was neutral/bipartisan but in reality, he was “leaning” toward Hamilton’s ideas.

B. Political Parties Emerge

1. Two parties emerge. Federalists, people who believed in strong Federal government. The Constitution gives “implied” powers. They believed that Congress could make laws that were “necessary and proper” and that was constitutional. 2. The other party was known as Democratic-Republicans, aka Republicans. They believed in a strict reading of the Constitution. (Federalists loose reading). They Rejected Federalist idea of “implied powers” They believed in Congressional powers “limited” only to what is necessary to carry out enumerated powers.

B. Political Parties Emerge continiued

3. Hamilton believes that the government can create a national bank (implied, Federalists). Jefferson (strict, Dem-Reps) strongly disagrees. 4. Federalists want wealthy educated people to participate in politics/gov. Republicans fear a strong central gov and instead want the ordinary people to be involved in government. 5. While serving on Washington’s cabinet, both Hamilton and Jefferson resigned from their duties and started focusing on the next election.

C. The Presidential Election of 1796

1. Caucus = meeting of members of a political party to choose candidates for upcoming elections. 2. Each party chose two different candidates. 3. America voted for either John Adams or Thomas Jefferson. Adams got 71 electoral votes, while Jefferson received 68. 4. At this time in history, the VP was the runner-up. Federalist President with a Dem-Rep VP.

D. The XYZ AFFAIR

1. The French started attacking American cargo ships. Adams sends diplomats to France to negotiate terms. 2. The French officials were referred to as “X,Y,Z” and they wanted a bribe/money. American diplomats refuse. 3. XYZ AFFAIR showed the world that America was a country that demanded to be treated with respect. GO WATCH EDPUZZLE FOR HOMEWORK

E. Alien and Sedition Acts

1. After the XYZ affair people became suspicious of aliens, people who were not citizens, of America.2. Alien and Sedition Acts were passed by the Federalists, it allowed the President to imprison or even deport aliens considered dangerous.

F. Domestic and Foreign Affairs

1. The Virginia and Kentucky resolutions claimed that the Alien and Sed. Acts were unconstitutional, and that states could nullify them. 2. The issue of State’s rights will continue to be a crucial issue for years to come. 3. Federalists urge Adams to declare war on France. He wants peace. 4. The Federalist party is not split and the improved Dem-Reps hope to win the Presidency in the 1800 election.

Thanks!