The Cretaceous Period

The Cretaceous period

145.5 - 66 million years ago

Was the last period of the mesozoic era

Lasted 79.5 million years

Climate

Vegetation

Geography

Creatures

Mainly reptilian animals known commonly as the dinosaurs. They took form in the air like pteradons, on land like the popular T-Rex, and in the sea like the pliosaur, for example. Along with some early forms of mammals this period also boasts a diverse ocean ecosystem to top it off.

Lots of forestation in the forms of plants like ferns that need the hot and humid enviornment

Little to no snow on the poles, mountain ridges starting to form, and continents are starting to form into familiar shapes

It was a very humid and tropical enviornment with rainforests and warm oceans. There were abundant greenhouse gases and due to this the Earth was abnormally warm by our standards

Fun Facts

Volcanoes

Shallow seas

Feathers???

Due to fossil findings some paleontologists believe that some dinosaurs like the velociraptor likely had feathered bodies

During this time there was massive volcanic activity which ended up playing a big role in terms of the climate

Due to the volcanic and tectonic activity as well as the melting of the glacier poles, many continents had shallow in-land seas

Flowers

ucf library article 2

Insects

UCF Library article 1

The first flowering plants were discovered to be from the Cretaceous period

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128243602000279?via%3Dihub

Some of the first ants, butterflies, and other types of insects arose during this time

https://www.nature.com/articles/35086553.pdf

dinosaurs TIMELINE

Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event

During this extinction event, in short, a giant asteroid struck the earth and resulted in the sun being obscured, the temperature dropping, and many species dying off. It is estimated that around 60-80% of the species alive at the time went extinct due to this impact and the following conditions. This event marked the end of the Cretaceous period and the start of the Paleogene period, hence the name. Many flying creatures were unaffected by the initial impact of the asteroid impact, now known as the Chixculub crater, and were able to survive. Additionally, some small mammals also lasted the harsh conditions. This extinction event is probably the most popular extinction event as it has been displayed through countless forms of media and made its rounds through Holloywood in almost every dinosaur movie.

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