Cause and effect
TEXT STRUCTURE
Understanding Cause and Effect in Reading
Learn to identify and analyze an author's purpose using cause and effect in texts
What is Cause and Effect?
Cause: a reason or sourceExample: Jim knew the pollen was the cause of his allergies.
What is Cause and Effect?
Effect: result or outcome of the cause.Example: My mother warned me about the effect of the sun if I did not wear sunscreen.
Why does cause and effect matter?
Understanding cause and effect in stories is important because:
Knowing Why Things Happen
It helps us figure out why things in a story happen and what comes next.
Putting Events in Order
It helps us put events in the right order, so we can follow the story better.
Guessing What Might Happen Next
When we understand cause and effect, we can guess what might happen later in the story.
Solving Problems in Stories
It helps us solve problems in stories by figuring out why something is happening and what might happen as a result.
Identifying Cause and Effect Signal Words
Look for signal words or transitions such as because, since, therefore, consequently, as a result of, and due to, that may indicate relationships of a cause and effect in a text.
It is also important to use a graphic organizer to see the relationship between the causes and the effect in a text. Look at the example to the left.
Example: The sun disappeared behind thick clouds, and the sky grew dark. The temperature dropped, and it began to rain.
Cause: The sun disappeared behind thick clouds.Effect: The sky grew dark, and it began to rain.
When reading follow these steps to identify cause and effect:
1. Circle an important event that takes place. This may be an effect.2. Ask questions! Why did this event happen? What led up to the event? What made the event possible?3. Look for signal words or transitions that indicate a cause.4. Use a graphic organizer to see the relationship between the cause and effect in a text.
Practice: Lucy forgot her lunch at home. As a result, she had to buy food from the school cafeteria. Prompt: What happened first (the cause), and what happened next (the effect)?
Click the tree to see the correct answer:
Practice: Ryan practiced basketball every day after school. Consequently, he improved his shooting skills. Prompt: What is the action (cause), and what positive outcome did it lead to (effect)?
Click the tree to see the correct answer:
Practice: The teacher explained the math problem step by step. As a result, the students understood and solved it correctly. Prompt: What did the teacher do (cause), and what happened as a result (effect)?
Click the tree to see the correct answer:
Practice: The storm knocked out the power in the neighborhood. Therefore, families had to use flashlights and candles. Prompt: What was the event (cause), and what did it make families do (effect)?
Click the tree to see the correct answer:
Author's Purpose in Cause and Effect
Authors use cause and effect to help us understand why things happen. It's like connecting the dots to show how one thing leads to another. For example, if they want to explain how plants grow, they might use cause and effect to show the steps from planting a seed to a plant growing.
Author's Purpose in Cause and Effect
Persuasion: Sometimes, authors want to convince us to believe or do something. They use cause and effect to show why their ideas or suggestions make sense. If they're writing about the benefits of recycling, they might explain how recycling (cause) helps save the environment (effect).
Author's Purpose in Cause and Effect
Storytelling: In stories, authors use cause and effect to make the plot interesting and keep us hooked. They show how one event leads to another, creating excitement and making the story flow. For instance, if they're telling a story about a lost puppy, they might use cause and effect to explain how the puppy got lost and how the characters try to find it.
Author's Purpose in Cause and Effect
Cause and effect isn't just about explaining things; it's a powerful tool that authors use to teach, persuade, and tell engaging stories!
Analyzing an Author's Purpose
When we read a story or article with cause and effect, we can ask ourselves two important questions to understand why the author wrote it this way: Why did the author include this cause-and-effect relationship? What is the overall purpose of using cause and effect in this text?
Analyzing an Author's Purpose
Why did the author include this cause-and-effect relationship? This question helps us think about the reasons behind the events in the story. Authors include cause and effect to help us see how things are connected and to explain why something happened.
Analyzing an Author's Purpose
What is the overall purpose of using cause and effect in this text? This question is like asking, "What does the author want us to learn or feel?" Authors use cause and effect to share information, make a point, or tell a story in a way that helps us understand and enjoy it better.
by asking these questions, we can figure out why the author chose to use cause and effect and what they want us to take away from the story or article. It's like being detectives, trying to understand the author's reason for writing!
cause and effect text structure
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Transcript
Cause and effect
TEXT STRUCTURE
Understanding Cause and Effect in Reading
Learn to identify and analyze an author's purpose using cause and effect in texts
What is Cause and Effect?
Cause: a reason or sourceExample: Jim knew the pollen was the cause of his allergies.
What is Cause and Effect?
Effect: result or outcome of the cause.Example: My mother warned me about the effect of the sun if I did not wear sunscreen.
Why does cause and effect matter?
Understanding cause and effect in stories is important because:
Knowing Why Things Happen
It helps us figure out why things in a story happen and what comes next.
Putting Events in Order
It helps us put events in the right order, so we can follow the story better.
Guessing What Might Happen Next
When we understand cause and effect, we can guess what might happen later in the story.
Solving Problems in Stories
It helps us solve problems in stories by figuring out why something is happening and what might happen as a result.
Identifying Cause and Effect Signal Words
Look for signal words or transitions such as because, since, therefore, consequently, as a result of, and due to, that may indicate relationships of a cause and effect in a text.
It is also important to use a graphic organizer to see the relationship between the causes and the effect in a text. Look at the example to the left.
Example: The sun disappeared behind thick clouds, and the sky grew dark. The temperature dropped, and it began to rain.
Cause: The sun disappeared behind thick clouds.Effect: The sky grew dark, and it began to rain.
When reading follow these steps to identify cause and effect:
1. Circle an important event that takes place. This may be an effect.2. Ask questions! Why did this event happen? What led up to the event? What made the event possible?3. Look for signal words or transitions that indicate a cause.4. Use a graphic organizer to see the relationship between the cause and effect in a text.
Practice: Lucy forgot her lunch at home. As a result, she had to buy food from the school cafeteria. Prompt: What happened first (the cause), and what happened next (the effect)?
Click the tree to see the correct answer:
Practice: Ryan practiced basketball every day after school. Consequently, he improved his shooting skills. Prompt: What is the action (cause), and what positive outcome did it lead to (effect)?
Click the tree to see the correct answer:
Practice: The teacher explained the math problem step by step. As a result, the students understood and solved it correctly. Prompt: What did the teacher do (cause), and what happened as a result (effect)?
Click the tree to see the correct answer:
Practice: The storm knocked out the power in the neighborhood. Therefore, families had to use flashlights and candles. Prompt: What was the event (cause), and what did it make families do (effect)?
Click the tree to see the correct answer:
Author's Purpose in Cause and Effect
Authors use cause and effect to help us understand why things happen. It's like connecting the dots to show how one thing leads to another. For example, if they want to explain how plants grow, they might use cause and effect to show the steps from planting a seed to a plant growing.
Author's Purpose in Cause and Effect
Persuasion: Sometimes, authors want to convince us to believe or do something. They use cause and effect to show why their ideas or suggestions make sense. If they're writing about the benefits of recycling, they might explain how recycling (cause) helps save the environment (effect).
Author's Purpose in Cause and Effect
Storytelling: In stories, authors use cause and effect to make the plot interesting and keep us hooked. They show how one event leads to another, creating excitement and making the story flow. For instance, if they're telling a story about a lost puppy, they might use cause and effect to explain how the puppy got lost and how the characters try to find it.
Author's Purpose in Cause and Effect
Cause and effect isn't just about explaining things; it's a powerful tool that authors use to teach, persuade, and tell engaging stories!
Analyzing an Author's Purpose
When we read a story or article with cause and effect, we can ask ourselves two important questions to understand why the author wrote it this way: Why did the author include this cause-and-effect relationship? What is the overall purpose of using cause and effect in this text?
Analyzing an Author's Purpose
Why did the author include this cause-and-effect relationship? This question helps us think about the reasons behind the events in the story. Authors include cause and effect to help us see how things are connected and to explain why something happened.
Analyzing an Author's Purpose
What is the overall purpose of using cause and effect in this text? This question is like asking, "What does the author want us to learn or feel?" Authors use cause and effect to share information, make a point, or tell a story in a way that helps us understand and enjoy it better.
by asking these questions, we can figure out why the author chose to use cause and effect and what they want us to take away from the story or article. It's like being detectives, trying to understand the author's reason for writing!