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Transcript
The Beveridge Report
Sir William Beveridge, Social Insurance and Allied Services
Introduction
William Beveridge 1879 - 1963
- born in Bengal, India- 1892 : Carterhouse - 1897 : Balliol College, Oxford Univeristy - Graduated in 1901 - 1905 : one of the leaders of the Central Unemployed Body - 1907 : introduced to Winston Churchill - > non-established civil servant at the Board of Trade- 1919 : Director of the London School of Economics- 1937 : Mastership of University College, Oxford - 1944 : Liberal candidate for the Berwick-upon-Tweed byelection
Introduction
Why was William Beveridge in particular appointed by the government to write this report?
Introduction
Why was William Beveridge in particular appointed by the government to write this report? I - Revolutionary Context and Clear-field Approach II - Comprehensive Social Progress and Interconnected Challenges III - Cooperation for Social Security and Plan Overview
Revolutionary Context and Clear-field Approach
warhistoryonline.com
I- Revolutionary Context and Clear-field Approach
References to : World War I Hungry Thirties Opportunity to learn from past mistakes
“The first principle is that any proposals for the future, while they should use to the full the experience gathered in the past, should not be restricted by consideration of sectional interests established in the obtaining of that experience.”
l.2-4
I- Revolutionary Context and Clear-field Approach
"abolishing landmarks" : changes and disruptions caused by the war encouragement for revolutionary changes
“Now, when the war is abolishing landmarks of every kind, is the opportunity for using experience in a clear field.”
l.4-5
II
Comprehensive Social Progress and Interconnected Challenges
history.co.uk
II- Comprehensive Social Progress and Interconnected Challenges
"Social insurance fully developed may provide income security; it is an attack upon Want. But Want is only one of five giants on the road of reconstruction and in some ways the easiest to attack. The others are Disease, Ignorance, Squalor and Idleness."
"road to reconstruction" : - foreshadowing post-war era. - need to rebuild society and economy. "five giants" : - poverty - disease - lack of education - poor housing and living-conditions - unemployment
l.8-11
II - Comprehensive Social Progress and Interconnected Challenges
The Blitz
aerial bombing from the German Air Force"Black Saturday" : first raid on September 7, 1940 40.000 civilian deaths during those 9 months. Half of them in London more than 70.000 buildings demolished about 1.7M buildings damaged -> thousands of people made homeless
George Greenwell/Mirrorpix/Getty
II - Comprehensive Social Progress and Interconnected Challenges
Rural Exodus
more than 2M children evacuated during WWII sent away to be protected from bombings education put on hold for most children 2000 schools requisitionned for war use 1/5 schools damaged
bbc.com
III
Cooperation for Social Security and Plan Overview
france24.comm
III - Cooperation for Social Security and Plan Overview
"The third principle is that social security must be achieved by co-operation between the State and the individual. The State should offer security for service and contribution. The State in organising security should not stifle incentive, opportunity, responsibility; in establishing a national minimum, it should leave room and encouragement for voluntary action by each individual to provide more than that minimum for himself and his family.
Collaboration between State and individuals Contribution/Benefits Balance between State and individual