timeline oppenheimer

July 16, 1945

The Oppenheimer's life:

1939

1929

1904

1921

1947

1967

The AEC

Trinity Test

Manhattan Project

Oppie's birth date

Harvard Studies

Academic Career and Physics Research

Oppie's death date

August 9, 1945

August 6, 1945

July 16, 1945

The Manhattan Project:

1946

1943

1942

1939

Establishment of the AEC

Bombing of Nagasaki

Bombing of Hiroshima

Trinity Test

Selection of the Los Alamos

Creation of the Manhattan Project

Einstein-Szilárd Letter and Project Commencement

Timeline Julius Robert Oppenheimer

The Cold War:

1991

1962

1950

1949

1948

1947

1945

Establishment of the UN

Truman Doctrine

Berlin Blockade

NATO & Soviet Nuclear Test

Korean War

Cuban Missile Crisis

End of the Cold War

Discoveries & Inventions of the 20th century:

1983

1973

1969

1957

1953

1928

1927

MRI Developed

Invention of the Internet

Moon Landing

Launch of Sputnik 1

DNA Structure Described

Penicillin Discovered

First Solo Transatlantic Flight

End of the Cold War:

A symbolic moment occurred on November 9, 1989, with the fall of the Berlin Wall. This historic event signaled the end of the division between East and West and foreshadowed the imminent collapse of the Iron Curtain. In 1991, the dissolution of the Soviet Union marked the official end of the Cold War, reshaping the global geopolitical landscape and concluding a decades-long ideological struggle between the United States and the Soviet bloc.

Maxime

Berlin Blockade:

In 1948, the Cold War tensions manifested in the form of the Berlin Blockade. The Soviet Union blockaded land access to West Berlin, prompting a massive airlift led by the United States and its allies. This unprecedented logistical effort supplied the besieged city with essential provisions, highlighting the determination of the Western powers to resist Soviet pressure and maintain a democratic foothold in Berlin. This blockade stopped in 1949 and led to the division into two part of Germany, The west for allies and the east for USSR.

Maxime

Los Alamos:

In September 1942, the team behind the Manhattan Project identified the Los Alamos site in New Mexico as the optimal location for the primary research and development efforts. This decision led to the establishment of the Los Alamos National Laboratory, a crucial hub for scientific collaboration and innovation during the project's course.

Tomas

Cuban Missile Crisis:

In October 1962, the world teetered on the brink of nuclear war as the United States discovered the deployment of Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba. A tense standoff ensued between the two superpowers, ultimately culminating in an agreement that diffused the crisis. The Cuban Missile Crisis highlighted the grave risks associated with Cold War competition and the importance of diplomatic solutions.

Maxime

The AEC problems:

Post-World War II, Oppenheimer's expertise led to his appointment as the chairman of the United States Atomic Energy Commission in 1947. However, his principled stance on nuclear policy clashed with the government's direction, resulting in his removal from the position in 1954. This episode underlined the ethical dilemmas that haunted Oppenheimer throughout his career.

Jonathan

Korean War:

The Korean War erupted in 1950 when North Korea invaded South Korea. The United States and other Western nations intervened to support South Korea, while China and the Soviet Union backed North Korea. The conflict resulted in a ceasefire in 1953, establishing a lasting division between North and South Korea and leaving a significant impact on Cold War dynamics in Asia.

Maxime

The Manhattan Project:

In 1939, the course of Oppenheimer's life took a n other turn when he was appointed the scientific director of the Manhattan Project. This ambitious research and development effort, conducted during World War II, ultimately led to the creation of the atomic bomb. Oppenheimer's brilliance and leadership played an important role in the success of this project.

Jonathan

Oppenheimer's chilhood:

He was born in April 22, 1904 in New York city. His father was an german textile importer and his mother was a painter and they were Jews.

Jonathan

Harvard Studies:

Oppenheimer chose to pursue his studies at Harvard University. His intellectual prowess extended across various disciplines, excelling in languages, science, and philosophy. In 1925, he graduated with a degree in chemistry, laying the foundation for his future contributions to the field of science.

Jonathan

Establishment of the UN:

The year 1945 marked the establishment of the United Nations (UN), an international organization created with the primary goal of maintaining global peace. However, despite its noble objectives, ideological differences between the United States and the Soviet Union rapidly emerged. Tensions escalated significantly with the formation of the Iron Curtain in Eastern Europe, symbolizing the ideological and political divide that characterized the early post-World War II era.

Maxime

Launch of Sputnik 1 :

On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union achieved a historic milestone by launching Sputnik 1, the world's first artificial satellite, into Earth's orbit. This event marked the dawn of the space age and triggered the space race between the United States and the Soviet Union, shaping the trajectory of technological advancements and exploration beyond our planet.

Elvanaëlle

Invention of the Internet:

The inception of the modern internet can be traced back to October 29, 1969, when the first message was sent on the ARPANET, the internet's precursor. The development of the internet transformed the world, revolutionizing communication, information sharing, and global connectivity. Its impact on society, business, and education continues to shape the way we live and interact.

Elvanaëlle

MRI Developed:

In 1983, Paul Lauterbur and Peter Mansfield independently developed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques, providing a non-invasive method for detailed internal imaging in medicine and research. This breakthrough in medical technology revolutionized diagnostic imaging, offering unprecedented insights into the human body and significantly enhancing the capabilities of medical professionals in diagnosis and treatment planning.

Elvanaëlle

Einstein-Szilárd Letter and Project Commencement:

In August 1939, an important moment in history unfolded as Albert Einstein and Hungarian physicist Leo Szilárd composed a letter addressed to President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In this letter, they urgently warned the President about the military implications of nuclear fission. The grave concerns expressed in the letter prompted the establishment of a Uranium Advisory Committee, marking the inception of what would later become known as the Manhattan Project.

Tomas

Trinity Test:

A huge event in the history of nuclear weapons occurred on July 16, 1945, as the first successful nuclear test, code-named Trinity, took place in the expansive deserts of New Mexico. This test was a monumental demonstration of the destructive power wielded by an atomic bomb, reshaping the global landscape and setting the stage for the subsequent use of this unprecedented technology.

Tomas

Penicillin Discovered:

In 1928, Scottish biologist and pharmacologist Alexander Fleming made a groundbreaking discovery that revolutionized the field of medicine. Fleming identified the antibiotic properties of penicillin, marking a transformative moment in healthcare. This chance observation opened the door to the development of antibiotics, significantly impacting the treatment of bacterial infections and saving countless lives.

Elvanaëlle

Creation of the Manhattan Project:

On July 28, 1942, President Roosevelt officially gave his approval for the creation of the Manhattan Project. Tasked with overseeing this ambitious endeavor was the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, with Lieutenant General Leslie R. Groves appointed as the director. This formal approval marked the project's transition from a theoretical concept to a full-fledged initiative with the resources and support needed for success.

Tomas

First Solo Transatlantic Flight:

On May 20-21, 1927, aviation history was made as Charles Lindbergh accomplished the extraordinary feat of completing the first solo non-stop transatlantic flight. Guiding the Spirit of St. Louis from New York to Paris, Lindbergh's courage and skill ushered in a new era of long-distance aviation, capturing the world's imagination and paving the way for future advancements in air travel.

Elvanaëlle

Bombing of Hiroshima:

On August 6, 1945, the world witnessed the operational debut of a nuclear weapon in wartime. The "Little Boy" atomic bomb was dropped on the Japanese city of Hiroshima by the Enola Gay aircraft. This harrowing event marked a turning point in the war and underscored the devastating impact of nuclear warfare on civilian populations.

Tomas

Establishment of the AEC:

In the post-war era, the year 1946 witnessed a significant transition as the United States Atomic Energy Commission was established. Tasked with overseeing the peaceful utilization of nuclear energy and related research activities, this marked the formal shift of the Manhattan Project's objectives towards civilian applications and laid the groundwork for the subsequent developments in nuclear technology.

Tomas

NATO & Soviet Nuclear Test:

On April 4, 1949, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was established, solidifying a military alliance among Western nations. This collective defense agreement was a response to the perceived threat posed by the Soviet Union and its growing influence. Shortly thereafter, the Soviet Union conducted its first nuclear test, intensifying the arms race and escalating the global geopolitical tensions.

Maxime

Bombing of Nagasaki:

Just three days after the bombing of Hiroshima, on August 9, 1945, another nuclear strike occurred. The "Fat Man" bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, leading to Japan's surrender and the conclusion of World War II. These 2 events brought about the realization of the destructive potential of nuclear weapons.

Tomas

Academic Career and Physics Research:

Post-graduation, Oppenheimer delved into academia, teaching physics at the University of California, Berkeley. At the same time, he conducted groundbreaking research in theoretical physics, establishing himself as a respected figure within the scientific community. His keen insights and contributions during this period laid the groundwork for his pivotal role in shaping the future of physics.

Jonathan

Oppenheimer's death:

Julius Robert Oppenheimer's life journey came to an end on February 18, 1967, in Princeton, New Jersey, at the age of 62. Heavy smoker since adolescence, Oppenheimer suffered from tuberculosis crises throughout his life. He died from throat cancer.

Jonathan

Truman Doctrine:

On March 12, 1947, U.S. President Harry S. Truman delivered a speech outlining the Truman Doctrine. This policy marked the official commencement of the containment strategy, aimed at preventing the spread of communism globally. The Truman Doctrine laid the groundwork for U.S. intervention and support for countries resisting communist influence, setting the stage for the broader Cold War conflict.

Maxime

The Trinity test:

A defining moment in Oppenheimer's career occurred on July 16, 1945, when he oversaw the first successful test of an atomic bomb, code-named Trinity, in the deserts of New Mexico. The gravity of this achievement was captured in Oppenheimer's haunting words, "Now I am become Death, the destroyer of worlds," a reflection of the profound ethical and moral implications of the unprecedented power he had helped unleash.

Jonathan

Moon Landing:

A moment of unparalleled achievement occurred on July 20, 1969, as astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first humans to set foot on the moon during NASA's Apollo 11 mission. This monumental event marked a giant leap for humankind, showcasing the capabilities of space exploration and solidifying the United States' position as a leader in scientific and technological innovation.

Elvanaëlle

DNA Structure Described:

On April 25, 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick published a landmark paper unveiling the double helix structure of DNA. This revelation laid the foundation for understanding the molecular basis of genetics, fundamentally altering our comprehension of life's building blocks and propelling the field of molecular biology into a new era of discovery.

Elvanaëlle